§12.prop.18αἱ σφαῖραι πρὸς ἀλλήλας ἐν τριπλασίονι λόγῳ εἰσὶ τῶν ἰδίων διαμέτρων.
Spheres are to one another in the triplicate ratio of their respective diameters.
Νενοήσθωσαν σφαῖραι αἱ ΑΒΓ, ΔΕΖ, διάμετροι δὲ αὐτῶν αἱ ΒΓ, ΕΖ· λέγω, ὅτι ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΔΕΖ σφαῖραν τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ.
εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΔΕΖ σφαῖραν τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ, ἕξει ἄρα ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς ἐλάσσονά τινα τῆς ΔΕΖ σφαίρας τριπλασίονα λόγον ἢ πρὸς μείζονα ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ. ἐχέτω πρότερον πρὸς ἐλάσσονα τὴν ΗΘΚ, καὶ νενοήσθω ἡ ΔΕΖ τῇ ΗΘΚ περὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κέντρον, καὶ ἐγγεγράφθω εἰς τὴν μείζονα σφαῖραν τὴν ΔΕΖ στερεὸν πολύεδρον μὴ ψαῦον τῆς ἐλάσσονος σφαίρας τῆς ΗΘΚ κατὰ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν, ἐγγεγράφθω δὲ καὶ εἰς τὴν ΑΒΓ σφαῖραν τῷ ἐν τῇ ΔΕΖ σφαίρᾳ στερεῷ πολυέδρῳ ὅμοιον στερεὸν πολύεδρον·
Let spheres ABG, DEZ be conceived, and let their diameters be BG, EZ; I say that the sphere ABG has to the sphere DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ. For if the sphere ABG does not have to the sphere DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ, the sphere ABG will have the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ either to some sphere less than the sphere DEZ, or to some sphere greater. First, let it have [that ratio] to a lesser sphere HThK, and let DEZ be conceived about the same center as HThK, and let there be inscribed in the greater sphere DEZ a solid polyhedron not touching the lesser sphere HThK at its surface; and let there also be inscribed in the sphere ABG a solid polyhedron similar to the solid polyhedron in the sphere DEZ.
τὸ ἄρα ἐν τῇ ΑΒΓ στερεὸν πολύεδρον πρὸς τὸ ἐν τῇ ΔΕΖ στερεὸν πολύεδρον τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ. ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΗΘΚ σφαῖραν τριπλασίονα λόγον ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ· ἔστιν ἄρα ὡς ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΗΘΚ σφαῖραν, οὕτως τὸ ἐν τῇ ΑΒΓ σφαίρᾳ στερεὸν πολύεδρον πρὸς τὸ ἐν τῇ ΔΕΖ σφαίρᾳ στερεὸν πολύεδρον· ἐναλλὰξ ὡς ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὸ ἐν αὐτῇ πολύεδρον, οὕτως ἡ ΗΘΚ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὸ ἐν τῇ ΔΕΖ σφαίρᾳ στερεὸν πολύεδρον.
Therefore, the solid polyhedron in ABG has to the solid polyhedron in DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ. But the sphere ABG also has to the sphere HThK the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ; therefore, as the sphere ABG is to the sphere HThK, so is the solid polyhedron in the sphere ABG to the solid polyhedron in the sphere DEZ; alternando, as the sphere ABG is to the polyhedron in it, so is the sphere HThK to the solid polyhedron in the sphere DEZ.
μείζων δὲ ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα τοῦ ἐν αὐτῇ πολυέδρου· μείζων ἄρα καὶ ἡ ΗΘΚ σφαῖρα τοῦ ἐν τῇ ΔΕΖ σφαίρᾳ πολυέδρου.
But the sphere ABG is greater than the polyhedron in it; therefore the sphere HThK is also greater than the solid polyhedron in the sphere DEZ.
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐλάττων· ἐμπεριέχεται γὰρ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ.
But it is also less; for it is contained by it.
οὐκ ἄρα ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς ἐλάσσονα τῆς ΔΕΖ σφαίρας τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ διάμετρος πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ. ὁμοίως δὴ δείξομεν, ὅτι οὐδὲ ἡ ΔΕΖ σφαῖρα πρὸς ἐλάσσονα τῆς ΑΒΓ σφαίρας τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΕΖ πρὸς τὴν ΒΓ.
λέγω δή, ὅτι οὐδὲ ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς μείζονά τινα τῆς ΔΕΖ σφαίρας τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ.
εἰ γὰρ δυνατόν, ἐχέτω πρὸς μείζονα τὴν ΛΜΝ·
Therefore, the sphere ABG does not have to a sphere less than the sphere DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which the diameter BG has to EZ. Similarly indeed we shall show that neither does the sphere DEZ have to a sphere less than the sphere ABG the triplicate ratio of that which EZ has to BG. I say indeed that neither does the sphere ABG have to some sphere greater than the sphere DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ.
ἀνάπαλιν ἄρα ἡ ΛΜΝ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΑΒΓ σφαῖραν τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΕΖ διάμετρος πρὸς τὴν ΒΓ διάμετρον.
For, if possible, let it have [that ratio] to a greater sphere LMN; therefore, inversely, the sphere LMN has to the sphere ABG the triplicate ratio of that which the diameter EZ has to the diameter BG.
ὡς δὲ ἡ ΛΜΝ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΑΒΓ σφαῖραν, οὕτως ἡ ΔΕΖ σφαῖρα πρὸς ἐλάσσονά τινα τῆς ΑΒΓ σφαίρας, ἐπειδήπερ μείζων ἐστὶν ἡ ΛΜΝ τῆς ΔΕΖ, ὡς ἔμπροσθεν ἐδείχθη.
And as the sphere LMN is to the sphere ABG, so is the sphere DEZ to some sphere less than the sphere ABG, since indeed LMN is greater than DEZ, as was shown before.
καὶ ἡ ΔΕΖ ἄρα σφαῖρα πρὸς ἐλάσσονά τινα τῆς ΑΒΓ σφαίρας τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΕΖ πρὸς τὴν ΒΓ· ὅπερ ἀδύνατον ἐδείχθη.
Therefore the sphere DEZ also has to some sphere less than the sphere ABG the triplicate ratio of that which EZ has to BG; which was shown to be impossible.
οὐκ ἄρα ἡ ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς μείζονά τινα τῆς ΔΕΖ σφαίρας τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ. ἐδείχθη δέ, ὅτι οὐδὲ πρὸς ἐλάσσονα.
Therefore, the sphere ABG does not have to some sphere greater than the sphere DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ. And it was shown that neither [does it have it] to a lesser.
ἡ ἄρα ΑΒΓ σφαῖρα πρὸς τὴν ΔΕΖ σφαῖραν τριπλασίονα λόγον ἔχει ἤπερ ἡ ΒΓ πρὸς τὴν ΕΖ· ὅπερ ἔδει δεῖξαι.
Therefore, the sphere ABG has to the sphere DEZ the triplicate ratio of that which BG has to EZ; which it was required to prove.