Humanitext Reader

Marcus Aurelius · Meditations §3.1.1

The Decline of Reason with Age and the Need to Hasten

Passage 35 of 486 · Greek

Summary

The author explains that we must hasten to live rightly, not only because life diminishes daily, but because our reasoning power and understanding may decline and perish before death.

§3.1.1Οὐχὶ τοῦτο μόνον δεῖ λογίζεσθαι, ὅτι καθ’ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἀπαναλίσκεται ὁ βίος καὶ μέρος ἔλαττον αὐτοῦ καταλείπεται, ἀλλὰ κἀκεῖνο λογιστέον, ὅτι, εἰ ἐπὶ πλέον βιῴη τις, ἐκεῖνό γε ἄδηλον, εἰ ἐξαρκέσει ὁμοία αὖθις ἡ διάνοια πρὸς τὴν σύνεσιν τῶν πραγμάτων καὶ τῆς θεωρίας τῆς συντεινούσης εἰς τὴν ἐμπειρίαν τῶν τε θείων καὶ τῶν ἀνθρωπείων.
We must consider not only this, that day by day life is wearing away and a smaller part of it is left, but this also must be considered, that if a man should live longer, it is quite uncertain whether his understanding will still continue sufficient for the comprehension of things and of that contemplation which leads to the knowledge of things divine and human.
ἐὰν γὰρ παραληρεῖν ἄρξηται, τὸ μὲν διαπνεῖσθαι καὶ τρέφεσθαι καὶ φαντάζεσθαι καὶ ὁρμᾶν καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα τοιαῦτα, οὐκ ἐνδεήσει· τὸ δὲ ἑαυτῷ χρῆσθαι καὶ τοὺς τοῦ καθήκοντος ἀριθμοὺς ἀκριβοῦν καὶ τὰ προφαινόμενα διαρθροῦν καὶ περὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ εἰ ἤδη ἐξακτέον αὑτὸν ἐφιστάνειν καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα λογισμοῦ συγγεγυμνασμένου πάνυ χρῄζει, προαποσβέννυται.
For if he should begin to fall into dotage, then indeed breathing, nutrition, imagination, appetite, and all other such things will not fail him; but the power of making use of himself, of calculating accurately the duties of life, of analyzing clearly the appearances presented to him, and of directing his attention to this very question, whether he ought now to depart from life, and all other such things which absolutely require a well-exercised reason, are already extinguished in him beforehand.
χρὴ οὖν ἐπείγεσθαι οὐ μόνον τῷ ἐγγυτέρω τοῦ θανάτου ἑκάστοτε γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τὸ τὴν ἐννόησιν τῶν πραγμάτων καὶ τὴν παρακολούθησιν προαπολήγειν.
Therefore, we must make haste, not only because we are daily coming nearer to death, but also because the understanding of things and the power of following them cease before we die.

Notes

  1. 3.1.1εἰ — Of the two occurrences of εἰ, the first in "εἰ ἐπὶ πλέον βιῴη τις" (with the optative) introduces a conditional clause ("if a man should live longer"), while the second in "εἰ ἐξαρκέσει" (with the future indicative) introduces an indirect question ("whether it will continue sufficient") serving as the complement to "ἄδηλον". All languages reflect this distinction.
  2. 3.1.1τῆς θεωρίας — The genitive "τῆς θεωρίας" is coordinated with "τῶν πραγμάτων" under the governance of the accusative noun "τὴν σύνεσιν". Thus, it means "comprehension of things and [comprehension] of the contemplation". All translations reflect that it is the power to comprehend the contemplation, rather than the contemplation itself, that is at risk of being lost.
  3. 3.1.1τῷ ἐγγυτέρω — In the final sentence, the reasons for hastening are presented asymmetricaly: first by a causal dative ("τῷ... γίνεσθαι") and second by "διὰ τό..." with an infinitive. Although grammatically different, both express the reason/cause for hastening. All translations render them in a parallel, symmetrical structure ("not only because... but also because...").

Cite this passage

Marcus Aurelius, Meditations §3.1.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.1.1

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