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Polybius · The Histories §31.15.1-31.15.13

Discovery of Demetrius's Escape and Gracchus's Mission

Passage 1189 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

The passage describes how Demetrius's escape was eventually discovered by the Romans, and how the Senate, realizing they could not catch him, decided to dispatch an embassy led by Tiberius Gracchus to the East.

§31.15.1ἐν δὲ τῇ Ῥώμῃ κατὰ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν οὐδεὶς ἐπιζητήσειν ἔμελλε τὸν Δημήτριον οὐδὲ τοὺς μετʼ ἐκείνου προάγοντας· §31.15.2οἱ μὲν γὰρ αὐτοῦ μένοντες ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ Κίρκαιον ὡρμηκότα διελάμβανον, οἱ δʼ ἐν ταῖς Ἀναγνείαις ἀπήντων ἐπὶ τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον, ὡς ἐκεῖ παρεσόμενον.
In Rome on the following day no one was likely to miss Demetrius or those who had gone on ahead with him; for those who remained there supposed he had started for Circeium, while those in Anagnia were going to meet him at the same place, expecting him to be there.
§31.15.3διὸ συνέβαινε τελέως ἄσημον εἶναι τὸν δρασμόν, ἕως οὗ τῶν παίδων τις μεμαστιγωμένος ἐν ταῖς Ἀναγνείαις ἔδραμεν ἐπὶ τὸ Κίρκαιον, ὡς ἐκεῖ τῷ Δημητρίῳ συμμίξων· §31.15.4οὐχ εὑρὼν δὲ πάλιν εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἔτρεχεν, ὡς κατὰ πορείαν ἀπαντήσων.
Hence it came about that his escape was entirely unnoticed, until one of his servants, who had been flogged in Anagnia, ran to Circeium expecting to join Demetrius there; not finding him there, he ran back to Rome, expecting to meet him on the road.
§31.15.5οὐδαμῇ δὲ συντυχὼν αὐτῷ τοῦτο διεσάφησεν τοῖς ἐν Ῥώμῃ φίλοις καὶ τοῖς καταλελειμμένοις ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκίας.
Meeting him nowhere, he made this clear to the friends in Rome and to those who had been left behind at the house.
§31.15.6ἐπιζητουμένου δὲ τοῦ Δημητρίου κατὰ τὴν τετάρτην ἡμέραν ἀφʼ ἧς ὥρμησεν, ὑπενοήθη τὸ γεγονός.
When Demetrius was sought for on the fourth day after his departure, the truth was suspected.
§31.15.7τῇ δὲ πέμπτῃ σύγκλητος εὐθέως συνήγετο περὶ τούτων, ἐν ᾗ συνέβαινε τὸν Δημήτριον ἐκτὸς ἤδη τοῦ πορθμοῦ τοῦ κατὰ Σικελίαν ὑπάρχειν.
On the fifth day the senate was immediately convened concerning this matter, at which time Demetrius happened to be already beyond the straits of Sicily.
§31.15.8τὸ μὲν οὖν διώκειν ἀπέγνωσαν, ἅμα μὲν ὑπολαμβάνοντες αὐτὸν πολὺ προειληφέναι κατὰ τὸν πλοῦν, καὶ γὰρ ἔσχε φορὸν ἄνεμον, ἅμα δὲ προορώμενοι τὸ βουληθέντες κωλύειν ἀδυνατῆσαι· §31.15.9πρεσβευτὰς δὲ κατέστησαν μετά τινας ἡμέρας τοὺς περὶ Τεβέριον Γράκχον καὶ Λεύκιον Λέντλον καὶ Σερουίλιον Γλαυκίαν, §31.15.10οἵτινες ἔμελλον πρῶτον μὲν ἐποπτεύσειν τὰ κατὰ τοὺς Ἕλληνας, εἶτʼ ἐπιβαλόντες ἐπὶ τὴν Ἀσίαν τά τε κατὰ τὸν Δημήτριον καραδοκήσειν καὶ τὰς τῶν ἄλλων βασιλέων προαιρέσεις ἐξετάσειν καὶ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς Γαλάτας ἀντιλεγόμενα τοῖς προειρημένοις διευκρινήσειν.
They therefore gave up the idea of pursuit, partly because they supposed he had got too far a start in his voyage—for indeed he had a favorable wind—and partly because they foresaw that they would be unable to prevent him even if they wished to; but after a few days they appointed Tiberius Gracchus, Lucius Lentulus, and Servilius Glaucia as ambassadors, who were first to inspect the affairs of the Greeks, and then, after crossing over to Asia, to watch the proceedings of Demetrius, examine the intentions of the other kings, and settle the disputes between the Galatians and the aforementioned kings.
§31.15.11διὸ τὸν Τεβέριον κατεστήσαντο πάντων αὐτόπτην γεγονέναι.
For which reason they appointed Tiberius to have been an eyewitness of all.
§31.15.12καὶ τὰ μὲν κατὰ τὴν Ἰταλίαν ἐν τούτοις ἦν. — §31.15.13ὁ δὲ Δημήτριος προσανέχων τῇ παρουσίᾳ τοῦ διαποσταλησομένου πρὸς αὐτόν.
And such was the state of affairs in Italy. — Meanwhile Demetrius, waiting eagerly for the arrival of the person who was to be sent to him...

Notes

  1. §31.15.1ἐπιζητήσειν ἔμελλε — The verb ἔμελλε with the future infinitive ἐπιζητήσειν expresses likelihood or expectation ('was likely to seek/miss').
  2. §31.15.3ἕως οὗ — A conjunctional phrase meaning 'until', introducing the limit of the period during which the escape remained completely unnoticed.
  3. §31.15.6ἀφʼ ἧς — A relative construction with the ellipsis of the antecedent (ἡμέραν), standing for ἀπὸ τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ('from the day on which'). It marks 'the fourth day after his departure'.
  4. §31.15.11γεγονέναι — The perfect infinitive of γίγνομαι, meaning 'to have become (and thus be) an eyewitness'. It explains the reason why the senate selected Tiberius Gracchus, owing to his prior experience and firsthand knowledge of Eastern affairs.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §31.15.1-31.15.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:31.15.1-31.15.13

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