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Polybius · The Histories §30.7.1-30.7.10

Fates of the Three Accused Political Groups

Passage 1149 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

This chunk describes the fates of the three political groups accused during the war against Perseus. It covers the noble deaths of the Molossian leaders who turned their state to Perseus, the trials of the Achaean and Thessalian leaders who maintained a blameless silence, and the actions of the pro-Macedonian leaders in Cos and Rhodes who failed to secure an alliance.

§30.7.1τὴν Περσέως συμμαχίαν.
...alliance with Perseus.
πῶς οὖν ἕκαστοι τούτων ἐχείρισαν τὰ καθʼ αὑτοὺς σκοπεῖν πάρεστιν.
How, then, each of these groups managed their own affairs, we may now observe.
§30.7.2μετέρριψαν πρὸς Περσέα τὸ τῶν Μολοττῶν ἔθνος Ἀντίνους καὶ Θεόδοτος καὶ Κέφαλος μετʼ αὐτῶν·
Antinous, Theodotus, and with them Cephalus, turned the nation of the Molossians to Perseus.
§30.7.3οἳ τῶν πραγμάτων ἀντιπεσόντων ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς αὐτῶν ὁλοσχερῶς, καὶ περιστάντος τοῦ κινδύνου, καὶ συνεγγίζοντος τοῦ δεινοῦ, πάντες ὁμόσε χωρήσαντες τοῖς παροῦσιν ἀπέθανον γενναίως.
These men, when affairs turned out completely contrary to their plans, and danger beset them, and the crisis drew near, all marched together to meet the present emergency and died nobly.
§30.7.4διόπερ ἄξιον ἐπαινεῖν τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐπὶ τῷ μὴ προέσθαι μηδὲ περιιδεῖν σφᾶς αὐτοὺς εἰς ἀναξίαν διάθεσιν ἐμπεσόντας τοῦ προγεγονότος βίου.
Therefore, it is right to praise these men for not surrendering nor allowing themselves to fall into a state unworthy of their past lives.
§30.7.5καὶ μὴν ἐν Ἀχαΐᾳ καὶ παρὰ Θετταλοῖς καὶ Περραιβοῖς ἔσχον αἰτίαν καὶ πλείους διὰ τὴν ἡσυχίαν, ὡς ἐφεδρεύοντες τοῖς καιροῖς καὶ φρονοῦντες τὰ Περσέως.
Moreover, in Achaea and among the Thessalians and Perraebians, many fell under accusation because of their inactivity, as being on the watch for opportunities and favoring the cause of Perseus.
§30.7.6ἀλλʼ οὔτε λόγον ἐν τῷ μέσῳ τοιοῦτον ἐξέβαλον οὔτε γράφοντες οὔτε διαπεμπόμενοι πρὸς τὸν Περσέα περί τινος ἐφωράθησαν, ἀλλὰ διεφύλαξαν ἀνεπιλήπτους ἑαυτούς.
But they neither uttered any such speech in public, nor were they caught writing or sending messages to Perseus about anything, but they kept themselves blameless.
§30.7.7τοιγαροῦν εἰκότως οὗτοι καὶ δικαιολογίαν καὶ κρίσιν ὑπέμενον καὶ πάσας ἐξήλεγχον τὰς ἐλπίδας· §30.7.8οὐ γὰρ ἔλαττόν ἐστιν ἀγεννίας σημεῖον τὸ μηδὲν αὑτῷ συνειδότα μοχθηρὸν προεξάγειν ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν αὑτόν, ποτὲ μὲν τὰς τῶν ἀντιπολιτευομένων ἀνατάσεις καταπλαγέντα, ποτὲ δὲ τὴν τῶν κρατούντων ἐξουσίαν, τοῦ παρὰ τὸ καθῆκον φιλοζωεῖν.
Consequently, they naturally submitted to justification and trial, and tested every hope; For, it is no less a sign of cowardice for one who is conscious of no guilt to take his own life, terrified now by the threats of political opponents, now by the power of those in authority, than to cling to life contrary to duty.
§30.7.9καὶ μὴν ἐν Ῥόδῳ καὶ Κῷ καὶ πλείοσιν ἑτέραις πόλεσιν ἐγένοντό τινες οἱ φρονοῦντες τὰ Περσέως, οἳ καὶ λέγειν ἐθάρρουν περὶ Μακεδόνων ἐν τοῖς ἰδίοις πολιτεύμασι καὶ κατηγορεῖν μὲν Ῥωμαίων καὶ καθόλου συνίστασθαι πρὸς τὸν Περσέα κοινοπραγίαν, οὐ δυνηθέντες δὲ μεταρρῖψαι τὰ πολιτεύματα πρὸς τὴν τοῦ βασιλέως συμμαχίαν.
Furthermore, in Rhodes, Cos, and many other cities, there were some who favored the cause of Perseus, who even dared to speak about the Macedonians in their own assemblies and to accuse the Romans, and generally to establish common action with Perseus, though they were unable to turn their governments toward alliance with the king.
§30.7.10τούτων δʼ ἦσαν ἐπιφανέστατοι παρὰ μὲν τοῖς Κῴοις Ἱππόκριτος καὶ Διομέδων ἀδελ
Of these, the most prominent among the Coans were Hippocritus and Diomedon, the brothers...

Notes

  1. §30.7.4τοῦ προγεγονότος βίου — The genitive is governed by the adjective `ἀνάξιος` ('unworthy'), qualifying `ἀναξίαν διάθεσιν` to mean 'a state unworthy of their past lives'.
  2. §30.7.5ὡς ἐφεδρεύοντες — The conjunction `ὡς` combined with the participles `ἐφεδρεύοντες` (and `φρονοῦντες`) expresses the alleged or subjective reason put forward by the accusers, meaning 'on the ground that they were watching for opportunities...'.
  3. §30.7.8μηδὲν αὑτῷ συνειδότα — The accusative participle `συνειδότα` modifies `αὑτόν`. Derived from the idiom `συνειδέναι ἑαυτῷ τι` ('to be conscious of something in oneself'), here with the negative `μηδέν` it means 'being conscious of no guilt or wrongdoing in oneself'.
  4. §30.7.8τοῦ παρὰ τὸ καθῆκον φιλοζωεῖν — This genitive of the articular infinitive is a genitive of comparison depending on the comparative `ἔλαττον` ('no less') near the beginning of the sentence, comparing 'clinging to life' with the subject infinitive `τὸ ... προεξάγειν` ('taking one's own life').

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §30.7.1-30.7.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:30.7.1-30.7.10

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