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Polybius · The Histories §3.66.1-3.66.11

Publius's Retreat to Placentia and Hannibal's Pursuit Across the Po

Passage 225 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Publius retreats across the Po to Placentia, while Hannibal, after capturing the guard at the Ticinus bridge, crosses the Po to confront him.

§3.66.1Πόπλιος μὲν οὖν ἀναζεύξας προσῆγε διὰ τῶν πεδίων ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ Πάδου γέφυραν, σπεύδων φθάσαι διαβιβάσας τὰ στρατόπεδα.
Publius, therefore, breaking camp, advanced through the plains to the bridge over the Padus, hurrying to get his army across first.
§3.66.2θεωρῶν γὰρ τοὺς μὲν τόπους ἐπιπέδους ὄντας, τοὺς δʼ ὑπεναντίους ἱπποκρατοῦντας, αὑτὸν δὲ βαρυνόμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ τραύματος, εἰς ἀσφαλὲς ἔκρινε δεῖν ἀποκαταστῆσαι τὰς δυνάμεις.
For seeing that the country was flat, that the enemy was superior in cavalry, and that he himself was disabled by his wound, he decided that he must withdraw his forces to a safe place.
§3.66.3Ἀννίβας δὲ μέχρι μέν τινος ὑπέλαβε τοῖς πεζικοῖς στρατοπέδοις αὐτοὺς διακινδυνεύειν· συνιδὼν δὲ κεκινηκότας ἐκ τῆς παρεμβολῆς, ἕως μὲν τοῦ πρώτου ποταμοῦ καὶ τῆς ἐπὶ τούτῳ γεφύρας ἠκολούθει,
Hannibal, for a certain time, supposed that they would risk a battle with their infantry forces; but when he saw that they had moved from their camp, he pursued them as far as the first river and the bridge over it.
§3.66.4καταλαβὼν δὲ τὰς μὲν πλείστας τῶν σανίδων ἀνεσπασμένας, τοὺς δὲ φυλάττοντας τὴν γέφυραν ἔτι περὶ τὸν ποταμὸν ὑπολειπομένους, τούτων μὲν ἐγκρατὴς ἐγένετο, σχεδὸν ἑξακοσίων ὄντων τὸν ἀριθμόν·
Finding that most of the planks had been torn up, and that those guarding the bridge were still left behind near the river, he made himself master of these, who were about six hundred in number.
§3.66.5τοὺς δὲ λοιποὺς ἀκούων ἤδη πολὺ προειληφέναι, μεταβαλόμενος αὖθις εἰς τἀναντία παρὰ τὸν ποταμὸν ἐποιεῖτο τὴν πορείαν, σπεύδων ἐπὶ τόπον εὐγεφύρωτον ἀφικέσθαι τοῦ Πάδου.
Hearing that the rest had already gained a long start, he turned back in the opposite direction and marched along the river, hurrying to reach a place on the Padus where it was easy to construct a bridge.
§3.66.6καταλύσας δὲ δευτεραῖος καὶ γεφυρώσας τοῖς ποταμίοις πλοίοις τὴν διάβασιν Ἀσδρούβᾳ μὲν ἐπέταξεν διακομίζειν τὸ πλῆθος, αὐτὸς δὲ διαβὰς εὐθέως ἐχρημάτιζε τοῖς παραγεγονόσι πρεσβευταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν σύνεγγυς τόπων.
Having halted on the second day and bridged the crossing with river boats, he ordered Hasdrubal to convey the main body across, while he himself, having crossed immediately, gave audience to the envoys who had arrived from the neighboring districts.
§3.66.7ἅμα γὰρ τῷ γενέσθαι τὸ προτέρημα πάντες ἔσπευδον οἱ παρακείμενοι Κελτοὶ κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πρόθεσιν καὶ φίλοι γίνεσθαι καὶ χορηγεῖν καὶ συστρατεύειν τοῖς Καρχηδονίοις.
For as soon as this success was achieved, all the neighboring Celts, in accordance with their original purpose, were eager to become friends, supply provisions, and campaign together with the Carthaginians.
§3.66.8ἀποδεξάμενος δὲ τοὺς παρόντας φιλανθρώπως καὶ κομισάμενος τὰς δυνάμεις ἐκ τοῦ πέραν προῆγεν παρὰ τὸν ποταμόν, τὴν ἐναντίαν ποιούμενος τῇ πρόσθεν παρόδῳ· κατὰ ῥοῦν γὰρ ἐποιεῖτο τὴν πορείαν, σπεύδων συνάψαι τοῖς ὑπεναντίοις.
Having received those who came in a friendly manner, and having brought his forces over from the other side, he advanced along the river, taking the opposite direction to his former march; for he directed his march down the stream, hurrying to engage with the enemy.
§3.66.9ὁ δὲ Πόπλιος περαιωθεὶς τὸν Πάδον καὶ στρατοπεδεύσας περὶ πόλιν Πλακεντίαν, ἥτις ἦν ἀποικία Ῥωμαίων, ἅμα μὲν αὑτὸν ἐθεράπευε καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους τραυματίας, ἅμα δὲ τὰς δυνάμεις εἰς ἀσφαλὲς ἀπηρεῖσθαι νομίζων ἦγε τὴν ἡσυχίαν.
Publius, on his part, having crossed the Padus and encamped near the city of Placentia, which was a Roman colony, on the one hand attended to his own wound and the other wounded, and on the other hand, thinking that his forces were established in safety, remained quiet.
§3.66.10Ἀννίβας δὲ παραγενόμενος δευτεραῖος ἀπὸ τῆς διαβάσεως ἐγγὺς τῶν πολεμίων τῇ τρίτῃ παρέταξε τὴν δύναμιν ἐν συνόψει τοῖς ὑπεναντίοις.
Hannibal, arriving near the enemy on the second day after his crossing, on the third day drew up his force in battle order in full view of the enemy.
§3.66.11οὐδενὸς δὲ σφίσιν ἀντεξάγοντος, κατεστρατοπέδευσε, λαβὼν περὶ πεντήκοντα στάδια τὸ μεταξὺ διάστημα τῶν στρατοπέδων.
When no one came out to oppose them, he encamped, keeping the distance between the camps about fifty stades.

Notes

  1. 3.66.1σπεύδων φθάσαι διαβιβάσας — The verb φθάνω with a supplementary participle (here διαβιβάσας) means 'to anticipate doing' or 'to do something first'. Combined with σπεύδων and the infinitive φθάσαι, it means 'hurrying to get his forces across first/before the enemy'.
  2. 3.66.3τοῖς πεζικοῖς στρατοπέδοις αὐτοὺς διακινδυνεύειν — This is an accusative and infinitive construction governed by ὑπέλαβε. The accusative αὐτούς refers to the Romans and serves as the subject of the infinitive διακινδυνεύειν. The dative τοῖς πεζικοῖς στρατοπέδοις is a dative of means ('with their infantry forces').
  3. 3.66.9εἰς ἀσφαλὲς ἀπηρεῖσθαι — The infinitive ἀπηρεῖσθαι is the passive/middle of ἀπερείδω ('to prop, support, fix firmly'). Here it is used intransitively to mean 'to be firmly established' or 'to be secure' in a safe place (εἰς ἀσφαλὲς), forming an accusative and infinitive clause with τὰς δυνάμεις as its subject.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §3.66.1-3.66.11. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.66.1-3.66.11

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