§8.28.1ἰόντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τῶν πηγῶν, πρῶτα μέν σε ἐκδέξεται Μάραθα χωρίον, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸ Γόρτυς κώμη τὰ ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ, τὰ δὲ ἔτι ἀρχαιότερα πόλις.
To one going from the springs of the river, first the place Maratha will welcome you, and after it Gortys, which is a village in my time, but in still older times was a city.
ἔστι δὲ αὐτόθι ναὸς Ἀσκληπιοῦ λίθου Πεντελησίου, καὶ αὐτός τε οὐκ ἔχων πω γένεια καὶ Ὑγείας ἄγαλμα· Σκόπα δὲ ἦν ἔργα.
There is there a temple of Asclepius of Pentelic marble, with an image of Asclepius himself, as yet without a beard, and an image of Hygeia; they were the works of Scopas.
λέγουσι δὲ οἱ ἐπιχώριοι καὶ τάδε, ὡς Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Φιλίππου τὸν θώρακα καὶ δόρυ ἀναθείη τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ· καὶ ἐς ἐμέ γε ἔτι ὁ θώραξ καὶ τοῦ δόρατος ἦν ἡ αἰχμή.
And the local people also say this, that Alexander the son of Philip dedicated his breastplate and spear to Asclepius; and even down to my time the breastplate and the spearhead of the spear were still there.
§8.28.2τὴν δὲ Γόρτυνα ποταμὸς διέξεισιν ὑπὸ μὲν τῶν περὶ τὰς πηγὰς ὀνομαζόμενος Λούσιος, ἐπὶ λουτροῖς δὴ τοῖς Διὸς τεχθέντος· οἱ δὲ ἀπωτέρω τῶν πηγῶν καλοῦσιν ἀπὸ τῆς κώμης Γορτύνιον.
Through Gortys flows a river, which is named Lousios by those near its springs, because of the bathing of the newborn Zeus; but those further from the springs call it Gortynios after the village.
οὗτος ὁ Γορτύνιος ὕδωρ ψυχρότατον παρέχεται ποταμῶν.
This Gortynios provides the coldest water of all rivers.
Ἴστρον μέν γε καὶ Ῥῆνον, ἔτι δὲ Ὕπανίν τε καὶ Βορυσθένην καὶ ὅσων ἄλλων ἐν ὥρᾳ χειμῶνος τὰ ῥεύματα πήγνυται, τούτους μὲν χειμερίους κατὰ ἐμὴν δόξαν ὀρθῶς ὀνομάσαι τις ἄν, οἳ ῥέουσι μὲν διὰ γῆς τὸ πολὺ τοῦ χρόνου νειφομένης, ἀνάπλεως δὲ κρυμοῦ καὶ ὁ περὶ αὐτούς ἐστιν ἀήρ·
For indeed, the Istros and the Rhine, and also the Hypanis and the Borysthenes, and all other rivers whose streams freeze in the winter season, one might correctly call "winter rivers" in my opinion, which flow through land that is snow-covered for most of the year, and the air around them is full of frost.
§8.28.3ὅσοι δὲ γῆν διεξίασιν εὖ τῶν ὡρῶν ἔχουσαν καὶ θέρους σφίσι τὸ ὕδωρ πινόμενόν τε καὶ λουομένους ἀνθρώπους ἀναψύχει, χειμῶνος δὲ ἀνιαρὸν οὐκ ἔστι, τούτους ἐγώ φημι παρέχεσθαι σφᾶς ὕδωρ ψυχρόν.
But all those that pass through a land that is well-favored in its seasons, and in summer their water cools people who drink it or bathe in it, while in winter it is not painful, these I say provide cold water.
ψυχρὸν μὲν δὴ ὕδωρ καὶ Κύδνου τοῦ διεξιόντος Ταρσεῖς καὶ Μέλανος τοῦ παρὰ Σίδην τὴν Παμφύλων· Ἄλεντος δὲ τοῦ ἐν Κολοφῶνι καὶ ἐλεγείων ποιηταὶ τὴν ψυχρότητα ᾄδουσι.
Cold indeed is the water of the Cydnus which flows through Tarsus, and of the Melas which flows by Side of the Pamphylians; and elegiac poets sing of the coldness of the Ales in Colophon.
Γορτύνιος δὲ προήκει καὶ ἐς πλέον ψυχρότητος, μάλιστα δὲ ὥρᾳ θέρους.
But the Gortynios excels even further in coldness, especially in the summer season.
ἔχει μὲν δὴ τὰς πηγὰς ἐν Θεισόᾳ τῆ Μεθυδριεῦσιν ὁμόρῳ· καθότι δὲ τῷ Ἀλφειῷ τὸ ῥεῦμα ἀνακοινοῖ, καλοῦσι Ῥαιτέας.
It has its springs in Theisoa, which borders on the Methydrians; and where it joins its stream with the Alpheus, they call it Rhaeteae.
§8.28.4τῇ χώρᾳ δὲ τῇ Θεισόᾳ προσεχὴς κώμη Τεῦθίς ἐστι· πάλαι δὲ ἦν πόλισμα ἡ Τεῦθις.
Adjacent to the territory of Theisoa is the village Teuthis; in ancient times Teuthis was a town.
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ ἰδίᾳ παρείχοντο οἱ ἐνταῦθα ἡγεμόνα· ὄνομα δὲ αὐτῷ Τεῦθιν, οἱ δὲ Ὄρνυτόν φασιν εἶναι.
During the war against Ilium, the people here provided a leader of their own; his name was Teuthis, but others say it was Ornytus.
ὡς δὲ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν οὐκ ἐγίνετο ἐπίφορα ἐξ Αὐλίδος πνεύματα, ἀλλὰ ἄνεμος σφᾶς βίαιος ἐπὶ χρόνον εἶχεν ἐγκλείσας, ἀφίκετο ὁ Τεῦθις Ἀγαμέμνονι ἐς ἀπέχθειαν καὶ ὀπίσω τοὺς Ἀρκάδας ὧν ἦρχεν ἀπάξειν ἔμελλεν.
When favorable winds from Aulis did not come to the Greeks, but a violent wind kept them shut in for a long time, Teuthis came into enmity with Agamemnon, and was about to lead back the Arcadians whom he ruled.
§8.28.5ἐνταῦθα Ἀθηνᾶν λέγουσι Μέλανι τῷ Ὦπος εἰκασμένην ἀποτρέπειν τῆς ὁδοῦ Τεῦθιν τῆς οἴκαδε· ὁ δέ, ἅτε οἰδοῦντος αὐτῷ τοῦ θυμοῦ, παίει τὴν θεὸν τῷ δόρατι ἐς τὸν μηρόν, ἀπήγαγε δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Αὐλίδος ὀπίσω τὸν στρατόν.
Then they say that Athena, made like Melas the son of Ops, tried to turn Teuthis away from his journey home; but he, since his anger was swelling, struck the goddess with his spear in the thigh, and led his army back from Aulis.
ἀναστρέψας δὲ ἐς τὴν οἰκείαν, τὴν θεὸν ἔδοξεν αὐτὴν τετρωμένην φανῆναί οἱ τὸν μηρόν· τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου κατέλαβε Τεῦθιν φθινώδης νόσος, μόνοις τε Ἀρκάδων τοῖς ἐνταῦθα οὐκ ἀπεδίδου καρπὸν οὐδένα ἡ γῆ.
When he returned to his home, the goddess herself seemed to appear to him with her thigh wounded; after this, a wasting disease fell upon Teuthis, and to those here alone among the Arcadians the earth yielded no fruit.
§8.28.6χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἄλλα τε ἐχρήσθη σφίσιν ἐκ Δωδώνης, ὁποῖα δρῶντες ἱλάσεσθαι τὴν θεὸν ἔμελλον, καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐποιήσαντο Ἀθηνᾶς ἔχον τραῦμα ἐπὶ τοῦ μηροῦ.
At a later time, among other things, oracle responses came to them from Dodona, telling them what deeds they must do to appease the goddess, and they made an image of Athena having a wound on her thigh.
τοῦτο καὶ αὐτὸς τὸ ἄγαλμα εἶδον, τελαμῶνι πορφυρῷ τὸν μηρὸν κατειλημένον.
I myself saw this image, with its thigh wrapped in a purple band.
καὶ ἄλλα ἐν Τεύθιδι, Ἀφροδίτης τε ἱερὸν καὶ Ἀρτέμιδός ἐστι.
There are also other things in Teuthis, a sanctuary of Aphrodite and one of Artemis.
§8.28.7ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἐνταῦθά ἐστι· κατὰ δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν τὴν ἐκ Γόρτυνος ἐς Μεγάλην πόλιν πεποίηται μνῆμα τοῖς ἀποθανοῦσιν ἐν τῇ πρὸς Κλεομένην μάχῃ.
These indeed are there; and along the road from Gortys to Megalopolis is built a tomb for those who died in the battle against Cleomenes.
τὸ δὲ μνῆμα τοῦτο ὀνομάζουσιν οἱ Μεγαλοπολῖται Παραιβασίον, ὅτι ἐς αὐτοὺς παρεσπόνδησεν ὁ Κλεομένης.
This tomb the Megalopolitans call Paraibasion, because Cleomenes broke his treaty against them.
Παραιβασίου δὲ ἔχεται πεδίον ἑξήκοντα σταδίων μάλιστα· καὶ πόλεως ἐρείπια Βρένθης ἐστὶν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ, καὶ ποταμὸς ἔξεισιν αὐτόθεν Βρενθεάτης καὶ ὅσον σταδίους προελθόντι πέντε κάτεισιν ἐς τὸν Ἀλφειόν.
Adjoining the Paraibasion is a plain of about sixty stades; and the ruins of the city Brenthe are on the right of the road, and from there flows the river Brentheated, and after going about five stades it descends into the Alpheus.