§1.43.1λέγουσι δὲ εἶναι καὶ Ἰφιγενείας ἡρῷον· ἀποθανεῖν γὰρ καὶ ταύτην ἐν Μεγάροις.
They say that there is also a hero-shrine of Iphigenia; for she too died in Megara.
ἐγὼ δὲ ἤκουσα μὲν καὶ ἄλλον ἐς Ἰφιγένειαν λόγον ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων λεγόμενον, οἶδα δὲ Ἡσίοδον ποιήσαντα ἐν καταλόγῳ γυναικῶν Ἰφιγένειαν οὐκ ἀποθανεῖν, γνώμῃ δὲ Ἀρτέμιδος Ἑκάτην εἶναι· τούτοις δὲ Ἡρόδοτος ὁμολογοῦντα ἔγραψε Ταύρους τοὺς πρὸς τῇ Σκυθικῇ θύειν παρθένῳ τοὺς ναυαγούς, φάναι δὲ αὐτοὺς τὴν παρθένον Ἰφιγένειαν εἶναι τὴν Ἀγαμέμνονος.
I have indeed heard another story about Iphigenia told by the Arcadians, but I know that Hesiod in the *Catalogue of Women* made Iphigenia not die, but by the will of Artemis to be Hecate; and Herodotus wrote in agreement with this that the Tauri who dwell near Scythia sacrifice shipwrecked men to "the Virgin," and that they themselves say this virgin is Iphigenia, the daughter of Agamemnon.
ἔχει δὲ παρὰ Μεγαρεῦσι καὶ Ἄδραστος τιμάς· φασὶ δὲ ἀποθανεῖν παρὰ σφίσι καὶ τοῦτον, ὅτε ἑλὼν Θήβας ἀπῆγεν ὀπίσω τὸν στρατόν, αἴτια δέ οἱ τοῦ θανάτου γῆρας καὶ τὴν Αἰγιαλέως γενέσθαι τελευτήν.
Adrastus also has honors among the Megarians; and they say that he too died among them, when having taken Thebes he was leading back his army, and that old age and the death of Aegialeus were the causes of his death.
καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν ὁ Ἀγαμέμνων ἐποίησεν, ἡνίκα ἦλθε Κάλχαντα οἰκοῦντα ἐν Μεγάροις ἐς Ἴλιον ἕπεσθαι πείσων.
Agamemnon also made a sanctuary of Artemis, when he came to persuade Calchas, who lived in Megara, to follow him to Ilium.
§1.43.2ἐν δὲ τῷ πρυτανείῳ τεθάφθαι μὲν Εὔιππον Μεγαρέως παῖδα, τεθάφθαι δὲ τὸν Ἀλκάθου λέγουσιν Ἰσχέπολιν.
In the prytaneum they say Euippus, the son of Megareus, is buried, and Ischepolis, the son of Alcatheus, is buried.
ἔστι δὲ τοῦ πρυτανείου πέτρα πλησίον· Ἀνακληθρίδα τὴν πέτραν ὀνομάζουσιν, ὡς Δημήτηρ, εἴ τῳ πιστά, ὅτε τὴν παῖδα ἐπλανᾶτο ζητοῦσα, καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἀνεκάλεσεν αὐτήν.
Near the prytaneum is a rock; they name the rock Anaclethris, because Demeter—if any believe it—when she was wandering in search of her daughter, called her back even here.
ἐοικότα δὲ τῷ λόγῳ δρῶσιν ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι αἱ Μεγαρέων γυναῖκες.
And the Megarian women still perform actions resembling the story even down to our time.
§1.43.3εἰσὶ δὲ τάφοι Μεγαρεῦσιν ἐν τῇ πόλει· καὶ τὸν μὲν τοῖς ἀποθανοῦσιν ἐποίησαν κατὰ τὴν ἐπιστρατείαν τοῦ Μήδου, τὸ δὲ Αἰσύμνιον καλούμενον μνῆμα ἦν καὶ τοῦτο ἡρώων.
There are tombs for the Megarians in the city; and one they made for those who died during the invasion of the Mede, and the monument called the Aesymnion was also one of heroes.
Ὑπερίονος δὲ τοῦ Ἀγαμέμνονος— οὗτος γὰρ Μεγαρέων ἐβασίλευσεν ὕστατος—τούτου τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀποθανόντος ὑπὸ Σανδίονος διὰ πλεονεξίαν καὶ ὕβριν, βασιλεύεσθαι μὲν οὐκέτι ὑπὸ ἑνὸς ἐδόκει σφίσιν, εἶναι δὲ ἄρχοντας αἱρετοὺς καὶ ἀνὰ μέρος ἀκούειν ἀλλήλων.
When Hyperion, the son of Agamemnon—for he was the last to rule as king of the Megarians—this man was killed by Sandion because of greed and insolence, it seemed to them no longer to be ruled by one man, but that there should be elected magistrates and that they should obey one another in turn.
ἐνταῦθα Αἴσυμνος οὐδενὸς τὰ ἐς δόξαν Μεγαρέων δεύτερος παρὰ τὸν θεὸν ἦλθεν ἐς Δελφούς, ἐλθὼν δὲ ἠρώτα τρόπον τίνα εὐδαιμονήσουσι· καί οἱ καὶ ἄλλα ὁ θεὸς ἔχρησε καὶ Μεγαρέας εὖ πράξειν, ἢν μετὰ τῶν πλειόνων βουλεύσωνται.
There Aesymnus, second to none of the Megarians in reputation, went to the god at Delphi, and having come, he asked in what way they would prosper; and the god, among other things he prophesied to him, said that the Megarians would fare well if they took counsel with the majority.
τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος ἐς τοὺς τεθνεῶτας ἔχειν νομίζοντες βουλευτήριον ἐνταῦθα ᾠκοδόμησαν, ἵνα σφίσιν ὁ τάφος τῶν ἡρώων ἐντὸς τοῦ βουλευτηρίου γένηται.
Thinking that this oracle referred to the dead, they built a council-chamber there, so that the tomb of the heroes might be inside the council-chamber for them.
§1.43.4ἐντεῦθεν πρὸς τὸ Ἀλκάθου βαδίζουσιν ἡρῷον, ᾧ Μεγαρεῖς ἐς γραμμάτων φυλακὴν ἐχρῶντο ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ, μνῆμα ἔλεγον τὸ μὲν Πυργοῦς εἶναι γυναικὸς Ἀλκάθου πρὶν ἢ τὴν Μεγαρέως αὐτὸν λαβεῖν Εὐαίχμην, τὸ δὲ Ἰφινόης Ἀλκάθου θυγατρός· ἀποθανεῖν δὲ αὐτήν φασιν ἔτι παρθένον.
From there they walk to the hero-shrine of Alcatheus, which the Megarians used for the keeping of documents in my time; they said one tomb was that of Pyrgo, the wife of Alcatheus before he took Evaechme, the daughter of Megareus, and the other was of Iphinoe, the daughter of Alcatheus; and they say she died while still a maiden.
καθέστηκε δὲ ταῖς κόραις χοὰς πρὸς τὸ τῆς Ἰφινόης μνῆμα προσφέρειν πρὸ γάμου καὶ ἀπάρχεσθαι τῶν τριχῶν, καθὰ καὶ τῇ Ἑκαέργῃ καὶ Ὤπιδι αἱ θυγατέρες ποτὲ ἀπεκείροντο αἱ Δηλίων.
It is established for the maidens to bring libations to the tomb of Iphinoe before marriage and to offer the first-fruits of their hair, just as the daughters of the Delians once cut theirs for Hecaerge and Opis.
§1.43.5παρὰ δὲ τὴν ἔσοδον τὴν ἐς τὸ Διονύσιον τάφος ἐστὶν Ἀστυκρατείας καὶ Μαντοῦς· θυγατέρες δὲ ἦσαν Πολυίδου τοῦ Κοιράνου τοῦ Ἄβαντος τοῦ Μελάμποδος ἐς Μέγαρα ἐλθόντος Ἀλκάθουν ἐπὶ τῷ φόνῳ τῷ Καλλιπόλιδος καθῆραι τοῦ παιδός.
By the entrance into the temple of Dionysus is the tomb of Astycrateia and Manto; they were daughters of Polyidus, the son of Coeranus, the son of Abas, the son of Melampus, who came to Megara to purify Alcatheus from the murder of his son Callipolis.
ᾠκοδόμησε δὴ καὶ τῷ Διονύσῳ τὸ ἱερὸν Πολύιδος καὶ ξόανον ἀνέθηκεν ἀποκεκρυμμένον ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πλὴν τοῦ προσώπου· τοῦτο δέ ἐστι τὸ φανερόν.
Polyidus also built the sanctuary for Dionysus and dedicated a wooden statue, which in our time is hidden except for the face; and this is what is visible.
Σάτυρος δὲ παρέστηκεν αὐτῷ Πραξιτέλους ἔργον Παρίου λίθου.
Beside him stands a Satyr, a work of Praxiteles, of Parian marble.
τοῦτον μὲν δὴ Πατρῷον καλοῦσιν· ἕτερον δὲ Διόνυσον Δασύλλιον ἐπονομάζοντες Εὐχήνορα τὸν Κοιράνου τοῦ Πολυίδου τὸ ἄγαλμα ἀναθεῖναι λέγουσι.
This indeed they call Patroos; but naming another Dionysus Dasyllios, they say Euchenor, the son of Coeranus, the son of Polyidus, dedicated the statue.
§1.43.6μετὰ δὲ τοῦ Διονύσου τὸ ἱερόν ἐστιν Ἀφροδίτης ναός, ἄγαλμα δὲ ἐλέφαντος Ἀφροδίτη πεποιημένον Πρᾶξις ἐπίκλησιν.
After the sanctuary of Dionysus is a temple of Aphrodite, and a statue of Aphrodite made of ivory, called Praxis.
τοῦτό ἐστιν ἀρχαιότατον ἐν τῷ ναῷ· Πειθὼ δὲ καὶ ἑτέρα θεός, ἣν Παρήγορον ὀνομάζουσιν, ἔργα Πραξιτέλους· Σκόπα δὲ Ἔρως καὶ Ἵμερος καὶ Πόθος, εἰ δὴ διάφορά ἐστι κατὰ ταὐτὸ τοῖς ὀνόμασι καὶ τὰ ἔργα σφίσι.
This is the oldest thing in the temple; and Peitho and another goddess, whom they name Paregoros, are works of Praxiteles; and by Scopas are Eros and Himeros and Pothos, if indeed their works are as distinct as their names.
πλησίον δὲ τοῦ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης ναοῦ Τύχης ἐστὶν ἱερόν, Πραξιτέλους καὶ αὕτη τέχνη· καὶ ἐν τῷ ναῷ τῷ πλησίον Μούσας καὶ χαλκοῦν Δία ἐποίησε Λύσιππος.
Near the temple of Aphrodite is a sanctuary of Tyche, this too being the art of Praxiteles; and in the neighboring temple Lysippus made the Muses and a bronze Zeus.
§1.43.7ἔστι δὲ Μεγαρεῦσι καὶ Κοροίβου τάφος· τὰ δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν ἔπη κοινὰ ὅμως ὄντα τοῖς Ἀργείων ἐνταῦθα δηλώσω.
For the Megarians there is also the tomb of Coroebus; and I will make clear here the story concerning him, which is nevertheless common to that of the Argives.
ἐπὶ Κροτώπου λέγουσιν ἐν Ἄργει βασιλεύοντος Ψαμάθην τὴν Κροτώπου τεκεῖν παῖδα ἐξ Ἀπόλλωνος, ἐχομένην δὲ ἰσχυρῶς τοῦ πατρὸς δείματι τὸν παῖδα ἐκθεῖναι· καὶ τὸν μὲν διαφθείρουσιν ἐπιτυχόντες ἐκ τῆς ποίμνης κύνες τῆς Κροτώπου, Ἀπόλλων δὲ Ἀργείοις ἐς τὴν πόλιν πέμπει Ποινήν.
They say that when Crotopus was king in Argos, Psamathe, the daughter of Crotopus, bore a child to Apollo, and being in extreme fear of her father, she exposed the child; and dogs from the flock of Crotopus, happening upon it, destroyed it, and Apollo sent Poine to the city for the Argives.
ταύτην τοὺς παῖδας ἀπὸ τῶν μητέρων φασὶν ἁρπάζειν, ἐς ὃ Κόροιβος ἐς χάριν Ἀργείοις φονεύει τὴν Ποινήν.
They say she snatched children from their mothers, until Coroebus, as a favor to the Argives, killed Poine.
φονεύσας δὲ—οὐ γὰρ ἀνίει σφᾶς δεύτερα ἐπιπεσοῦσα νόσος λοιμώδης—Κόροιβος ἑκὼν ἦλθεν ἐς Δελφοὺς ὑφέξων δίκας τῷ θεῷ τοῦ φόνου τῆς Ποινῆς.
Having killed her—for a pestilential disease fell upon them a second time and did not release them—Coroebus went of his own accord to Delphi to submit to punishment from the god for the murder of Poine.
§1.43.8ἐς μὲν δὴ τὸ Ἄργος ἀναστρέφειν οὐκ εἴα Κόροιβον ἡ Πυθία, τρίποδα δὲ ἀράμενον φέρειν ἐκέλευεν ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ, καὶ ἔνθα ἂν ἐκπέσῃ οἱ φέροντι ὁ τρίπους, ἐνταῦθα Ἀπόλλωνος οἰκοδομῆσαι ναὸν καὶ αὐτὸν οἰκῆσαι.
The Pythia did not allow Coroebus to return to Argos, but ordered him to carry a tripod away from the temple, and wherever the tripod should fall from his hands as he carried it, there he should build a temple of Apollo and dwell himself.
καὶ ὁ τρίπους κατὰ τὸ ὄρος τὴν Γερανίαν ἀπολισθὼν ἔλαθεν αὐτοῦ ἐκπεσών· καὶ Τριποδίσκους κώμην ἐνταῦθα οἰκῆσαι.
And the tripod, slipping along Mount Gerania, fell there without being noticed; and there he settled the village of Tripodisci.
Κοροίβῳ δέ ἐστι τάφος ἐν τῇ Μεγαρέων ἀγορᾷ· γέγραπται δὲ ἐλεγεῖα τὰ ἐς Ψαμάθην καὶ τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν ἔχοντα Κόροιβον, καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐπίθημά ἐστι τῷ τάφῳ Κόροιβος φονεύων τὴν Ποινήν.
For Coroebus there is a tomb in the market-place of the Megarians; and elegiac verses have been written concerning Psamathe and Coroebus himself, and indeed there is on the tomb a representation of Coroebus killing Poine.
ταῦτα ἀγάλματα παλαιότατα, ὁπόσα λίθου πεποιημένα ἐστὶν Ἕλλησιν, ἰδὼν οἶδα.
These are the oldest stone statues, among those made of stone for the Greeks, that I know from having seen them.