§8.4.1ἡ δὲ Μεσσηνία συνεχής ἐστι τῇ Ἠλείᾳ, περινεύουσα τὸ πλέον ἐπὶ τὸν νότον καὶ τὸ Λιβυκὸν πέλαγος.
Messenia is contiguous to Elis, extending for the most part towards the south and the Libyan Sea.
αὕτη δʼ ἐπὶ μὲν τῶν Τρωικῶν ὑπὸ Μενελάῳ ἐτέτακτο, μέρος οὖσα τῆς Λακωνικῆς, ἐκαλεῖτο δʼ ἡ χώρα Μεσσήνη· τὴν δὲ νῦν ὀνομαζομένην πόλιν Μεσσήνην, ἧς ἀκρόπολις ἡ Ἰθώμη ὑπῆρξεν, οὔπω συνέβαινεν ἐκτίσθαι·
In the time of the Trojan War, this country was subject to Menelaus as a part of Laconica, and the land was called Messene; but the city now named Messene, of which Ithome was the acropolis, had not yet been founded.
μετὰ δὲ τὴν Μενελάου τελευτήν, ἐξασθενησάντων τῶν διαδεξαμένων τὴν Λακωνικήν, οἱ Νηλεῖδαι τῆς Μεσσηνίας ἐπῆρχον.
After the death of Menelaus, when those who succeeded to Laconica grew weak, the Neleidae ruled over Messenia.
καὶ δὴ κατὰ τὴν τῶν Ἡρακλειδῶν κάθοδον καὶ τὸν τότε γενηθέντα μερισμὸν τῆς χώρας ἦν Μέλανθος βασιλεὺς τῶν Μεσσηνίων καθʼ αὑτοὺς ταττομένων, πρότερον δʼ ὑπήκοοι ἦσαν τοῦ Μενελάου.
Indeed, at the time of the return of the Heracleidae and the division of the country which then took place, Melanthus was king of the Messenians, who were organized by themselves, whereas previously they had been subjects of Menelaus.
σημεῖον δέ· ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ Μεσσηνιακοῦ κόλπου καὶ τοῦ συνεχοῦς Ἀσιναίου λεγομένου ἀπὸ τῆς Μεσσηνιακῆς Ἀσίνης αἱ ἑπτὰ ἦσαν πόλεις, ἃς ὑπέσχετο δώσειν ὁ Ἀγαμέμνων τῷ Ἀχιλλεῖ
"
Καρδαμύλην Ἐνόπην τε καὶ Ἱρὴν ποιήεσσαν
Φηράς τε ζαθέας ἠδʼ Ἄνθειαν βαθύλειμον
καλήν τʼ Αἴπειαν καὶ Πήδασον ἀμπελόεσσαν,
"
οὐκ ἂν τάς γε μὴ προσηκούσας μήτʼ αὐτῷ μήτε τῷ ἀδελφῷ ὑποσχόμενος.
There is a proof of this: for from the Messenian Gulf and the adjacent gulf called Asinaeon from the Messenian Asine, were the seven cities which Agamemnon promised to give to Achilles: "Cardamyle, and Enope, and grassy Hire, and sacred Pherae, and Antheia with deep meadows, and beautiful Aepeia, and vine-clad Pedasus," since he would not have promised cities that belonged neither to himself nor to his brother.
ἐκ δὲ τῶν Φηρῶν καὶ συστρατεύσαντας τῷ Μενελάῳ δηλοῖ ὁ ποιητής, τὸν δὲ καὶ συγκαταλέγει τῷ Λακωνικῷ καταλόγῳ, ἱδ ἐν τῷ Μεσσηνιακῷ κόλπῳ.
And the poet shows that men from Pherae also joined the expedition with Menelaus, and he also includes one in the Laconian catalogue, which is situated in the Messenian Gulf.
ἔστι δʼ ἡ Μεσσήνη μετὰ Τριφυλίαν· κοινὴ δʼ ἐστὶν ἀμφοῖν ἄκρα, μεθʼ ἣν τὸ Κορυφάσιον· ὑπέρκειται δʼ ὄρος ἐν ἑπτὰ σταδίοις τὸ Αἰγαλέον τούτου τε καὶ τῆς θαλάττης.
Messene is after Triphylia; there is a cape common to both, after which is Coryphasium; and the mountain Aegaleum lies above this and the sea at a distance of seven stadia.
§8.4.2ἡ μὲν οὖν παλαιὰ Πύλος ἡ Μεσσηνιακὴ ὑπὸ τῷ Αἰγαλέῳ πόλις ἦν, κατεσπασμένης δὲ ταύτης ἐπὶ τῷ Κορυφασίῳ τινὲς αὐτῶν ᾤκησαν· προσέκτισαν δʼ αὐτὴν Ἀθηναῖοι τὸ δεύτερον ἐπὶ Σικελίαν πλέοντες μετʼ Εὐρυμέδοντος ἐπὶ Στρατοκλέους, ἐπιτείχισμα τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις.
Now ancient Messenian Pylos was a city situated under Aegaleum, but when this was destroyed, some of them settled on Coryphasium; and the Athenians built it a second time when they were sailing to Sicily with Eurymedon in the archonship of Stratocles, as a fortress against the Lacedaemonians.
αὐτοῦ δʼ ἐστὶ καὶ ἡ Κυπαρισσία ἡ Μεσσηνιακὴ καὶ ἡ καὶ ἡ προκειμένη πλησίον τοῦ Πύλου Σφαγία νῆσος, ἡ δʼ αὐτὴ καὶ Σφακτηρία λεγομένη, περὶ ἣν ἀπέβαλον ζωγρίᾳ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τριακοσίους ἐξ ἑαυτῶν ἄνδρας ὑπʼ Ἀθηναίων ἐκπολιορκηθέντας.
There too is the Messenian Cyparissia, and the island of Sphagia, which lies in front of Pylos and is also called Sphacteria, around which the Lacedaemonians lost three hundred of their own men, who were besieged and taken alive by the Athenians.
κατὰ δὲ τὴν παραλίαν ταύτην τῶν Κυπαρισσιέων πελάγιαι πρόκεινται δύο νῆσοι προσαγορευόμεναι Στροφάδες, τετρακοσίους ἀπέχουσαι μάλιστά πως τῆς ἠπείρου σταδίους ἐν τῷ Λιβυκῷ καὶ μεσημβρινῷ πελάγει.
Off this coast of the Cyparissians lie two islands in the open sea, called Strophades, about four hundred stadia distant from the mainland in the Libyan and southern sea.
φησὶ δὲ Θουκυδίδης ναύσταθμον ὑπάρξαι τῶν Μεσσηνίων ταύτην τὴν Πύλον· διέχει δὲ Σπάρτης τετρακοσίους.
Thucydides says that this Pylos was a naval station of the Messenians; and it is four hundred stadia distant from Sparta.
§8.4.3ἑξῆς δʼ ἐστὶ Μεθώνη· ταύτην δʼ εἶναί φασι τὴν ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ Πήδασον προσαγορευομένην, μίαν τῶν ἑπτὰ ὧν ὑπέσχετο τῷ Ἀχιλλεῖ ὁ Ἀγαμέμνων·
Next is Methone; and they say that this is the place called Pedasus by the poet, one of the seven which Agamemnon promised to Achilles.
ἐνταῦθα Ἀγρίππας τὸν τῶν Μαυρουσίων βασιλέα τῆς Ἀντωνίου στάσεως ὄντα Βόγον κατὰ τὸν πόλεμον τὸν Ἀκτιακὸν διέφθειρε, λαβὼν ἐξ ἐπίπλου τὸ χωρίον.
Here Agrippa, during the Actian War, destroyed Bogus, the king of the Maurusians, who was of Antony's faction, having taken the place by an attack from the sea.