§12.8.17ὅριον δέ ἐστι τῆς Φρυγίας καὶ τῆς Καρίας τὰ Κάρουρα· κώμη δʼ ἐστὶν αὕτη πανδοχεῖα ἔχουσα καὶ ζεστῶν ὑδάτων ἐκβολάς, τὰς μὲν ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ Μαιάνδρῳ τὰς δʼ ὑπὲρ τοῦ χείλους.
And Karoura is the boundary between Phrygia and Caria; this is a village containing inns and outlets of hot waters, some in the river Maeander and others above its bank.
καὶ δή ποτέ φασι πορνοβοσκὸν αὐλισθέντα ἐν τοῖς πανδοχείοις σὺν πολλῷ πλήθει γυναικῶν νύκτωρ γενομένου σεισμοῦ συναφανισθῆναι πάσαις.
And indeed they say that once a brothel-keeper, having taken lodging in the inns with a large number of women, vanished along with them all when an earthquake occurred by night.
σχεδὸν δέ τι καὶ πᾶσα εὔσειστός ἐστιν ἡ περὶ τὸν Μαίανδρον χώρα καὶ ὑπόνομος πυρί τε καὶ ὕδατι μέχρι τῆς μεσογαίας.
And almost the whole of the country around the Maeander is subject to earthquakes and undermined by fire and water as far as the interior.
διατέτακε γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν πεδίων ἀρξαμένη πᾶσα ἡ τοιαύτη κατασκευὴ τῆς χώρας εἰς τὰ Χαρώνια, τό τε ἐν Ἱεραπόλει καὶ τὸ ἐν Ἀχαράκοις τῆς Νυσαΐδος καὶ τὸ περὶ Μαγνησίαν καὶ Μυοῦντα· εὔθρυπτός τε γάρ ἐστιν ἡ γῆ καὶ ψαθυρὰ πλήρης τε ἁλμυρίδων καὶ εὐεκπύρωτός ἐστι·
For all such formation of the country, beginning from the plains, extends to the Charoneia, both the one in Hierapolis and the one in Acharaca of the Nysaean territory and those around Magnesia and Myus; for the earth is easily crumbled and friable, full of salt-springs, and easily ignitable.
τάχα δὲ καὶ ὁ Μαίανδρος διὰ τοῦτο σκολιὸς ὅτι πολλὰς μεταπτώσεις λαμβάνει τὸ ῥεῖθρον, καὶ πολλὴν χοῦν κατάγων ἄλλοτʼ ἄλλῳ μέρει τῶν αἰγιαλῶν προστίθησι· τὸ δὲ πρὸς τὸ πέλαγος βιασάμενος ἐξωθεῖ.
And perhaps the Maeander is crooked for this reason also, because the stream undergoes many changes, and bringing down a large amount of silt, adds it now to one part of the shores and now to another, and forcing its way, pushes out that which is towards the sea.
καὶ δὴ καὶ τὴν Πριήνην ἐπὶ θαλάττῃ πρότερον οὖσαν μεσόγεων πεποίηκε τετταράκοντα σταδίων προσχώματι.
Indeed, it has also made Priene, which was formerly on the sea, an inland city at a distance of forty stadia by its alluvial deposit.
§12.8.18καὶ ἡ Κατακεκαυμένη δέ, ἥπερ ὑπὸ Λυδῶν καὶ Μυσῶν κατέχεται, διὰ τοιαῦτά τινα τῆς προσηγορίας τετύχηκε ταύτης· ἥ τε Φιλαδέλφεια, ἡ πρὸς αὐτῇ πόλις, οὐδὲ τοὺς τοίχους ἔχει πιστούς, ἀλλὰ καθʼ ἡμέραν τρόπον τινὰ σαλεύονται καὶ διίστανται διατελοῦσι δὲ προσέχοντες τοῖς πάθεσι τῆς γῆς καὶ ἀρχιτεκτονοῦντες πρὸς αὐτά.
And the Katakekaumene, which is occupied by the Lydians and Mysians, has also obtained this name because of such causes; and Philadelphia, the city near it, does not even have reliable walls, but every day they are shaken in a way and split; yet they continue to dwell there, paying attention to the disturbances of the earth and building with reference to them.
καὶ τῶν ἄλλων δὲ πόλεων Ἀπάμεια μὲν καὶ πρὸ τῆς Μιθριδάτου στρατείας ἐσείσθη πολλάκις, καὶ ἔδωκεν ἐπελθὼν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἑκατὸν τάλαντα εἰς ἐπανόρθωσιν, ὁρῶν ἀνατετραμμένην τὴν πόλιν.
And of the other cities, Apameia was shaken many times even before the expedition of Mithridates, and the king on his arrival gave a hundred talents for its restoration, seeing the city overturned.
λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐπʼ Ἀλεξάνδρου παραπλήσια συμβῆναι· διόπερ εἰκός ἐστι καὶ τὸν Ποσειδῶ τιμᾶσθαι παρʼ αὐτοῖς καίπερ μεσογαίοις οὖσι, καὶ ἀπὸ Κελαινοῦ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος ἐκ Κελαινοῦς, μιᾶς τῶν Δαναΐδων, γενομένου κεκλῆσθαι τὴν πόλιν ἐπώνυμον, ἢ διὰ τῶν λίθων τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ἐκπυρώσεων μελανίαν.
And it is said that similar things happened in the time of Alexander; wherefore it is natural both that Poseidon is honored among them, although they are inland, and that the city was named after Kelaenos, the son of Poseidon by Kelaeno, one of the Danaides, or because of the blackness of the stones resulting from the combustions.
καὶ τὰ περὶ Σίπυλον δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀνατροπὴν αὐτοῦ μῦθον οὐ δεῖ τίθεσθαι· καὶ γὰρ νῦν τὴν Μαγνησίαν τὴν ὑπʼ αὐτῷ κατέβαλον σεισμοί, ἡνίκα καὶ Σάρδεις καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τὰς ἐπιφανεστάτας κατὰ πολλὰ μέρη διελυμήναντο· ἐπηνώρθωσε δʼ ὁ ἡγεμὼν χρήματα ἐπιδούς, καθάπερ καὶ πρότερον ἐπὶ τῆς γενομένης συμφορᾶς Τραλλιανοῖς (ἡνίκα τὸ γυμνάσιον καὶ ἄλλα μέρη συνέπεσεν) ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ καὶ τούτοις καὶ Λαοδικεῦσιν.
And the stories about Sipylus and its destruction should not be regarded as a myth; for even in recent times earthquakes cast down Magnesia, which lies at its foot, when they also grievously damaged Sardis and the most famous of the other cities in many parts; but the emperor restored it by giving money, just as his father had done previously upon the disaster that befell the Trallians (when the gymnasium and other parts fell down) both to them and to the Laodiceans.
§12.8.19ἀκούειν δʼ ἔστι καὶ τῶν παλαιῶν συγγραφέων οἷά φησιν ὁ τὰ Λύδια συγγράψας Ξάνθος, διηγούμενος οἷαι μεταβολαὶ κατέσχον πολλάκις τὴν χώραν ταύτην, ὧν ἐμνήσθημέν που καὶ ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν.
And one may also hear the ancient historians, such as Xanthus who wrote the Lydiaca, when he relates what kind of changes repeatedly came upon this country, which we also mentioned somewhere in the preceding pages.
καὶ δὴ καὶ τὰ περὶ τὸν Τυφῶνα πάθη ἐνταῦθα μυθεύουσι καὶ τοὺς Ἀρίμους, καὶ τὴν Κατακεκαυμένην ταύτην εἶναί φασιν· οὐκ ὀκνοῦσι δὲ καὶ τὰ μεταξὺ Μαιάνδρου καὶ Λυδῶν ἅπανθʼ ὑπονοεῖν τοιαῦτα καὶ διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν λιμνῶν καὶ ποταμῶν καὶ τοὺς πολλαχοῦ κευθμῶνας τῆς γῆς.
And indeed they also localize the myths about the sufferings of Typhon here, and the Arimi, and say that this is the Katakekaumene; and they do not hesitate to suspect that all the region between the Maeander and the Lydians is of this nature, both because of the multitude of lakes and rivers and the caverns of the earth in many places.
ἡ δὲ μεταξὺ Λαοδικείας καὶ Ἀπαμείας λίμνη καὶ βορβορώδη καὶ ὑπονόμου τὴν ἀποφορὰν ἔχει πελαγία οὖσα· φασὶ δὲ καὶ δίκας εἶναι τῷ Μαιάνδρῳ μεταφέροντι τὰς χώρας ὅταν περικρουσθῶσιν οἱ ἀγκῶνες, ἁλόντος δὲ τὰς ζημίας ἐκ τῶν πορθμικῶν διαλύεσθαι τελῶν.
And the lake between Laodiceia and Apameia, which is like a sea, is both muddy and has a smell like that of underground air; and they say that lawsuits are also brought against the Maeander for transferring the lands whenever its elbows are worn away, and that when it is convicted, the damages are paid from the ferry tolls.
§12.8.20μεταξὺ δὲ τῆς Λαοδικείας καὶ τῶν Καρούρων ἱερὸν ἔστι Μηνὸς Κάρου καλούμενον τιμώμενον ἀξιολόγως.
And between Laodiceia and Karoura is a temple called that of Men Karou, which is remarkably honored.
συνέστη δὲ καθʼ ἡμᾶς διδασκαλεῖον Ἡροφιλείων ἰατρῶν μέγα ὑπὸ Ζεύξιδος, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Φιλαλήθους, καθάπερ ἐπὶ τῶν πατέρων τῶν ἡμετέρων ἐν Σμύρνῃ τὸ τῶν Ἐρασιστρατείων ὑπὸ Ἱκεσίου· νῦν δὲ οὐχ ὁμοίως ἔτι συμμένει.
And in our time a great school of Herophilean physicians was established by Zeuxis, and afterwards by Alexander Philalethes, just as in the time of our fathers the school of the Erasistrateans was established in Smyrna by Hikesios; but now it no longer remains in the same condition.
§12.8.21λέγεται δέ τινα φῦλα Φρύγια οὐδαμοῦ δεικνύμενα, ὥσπερ οἱ Βερέκυντες.
And it is said that there are certain Phrygian tribes which are nowhere to be seen, like the Berecyntes.
καὶ Ἀλκμὰν λέγει
"
Φρύγιον ηὔλησε μέλος τὸ Κερβήσιον.
And Alcman says: "The Kerbesian played a Phrygian melody on the flute.
"
καὶ βόθυνός τις λέγεται Κερβήσιος ἔχων ὀλεθρίους ἀποφοράς· ἀλλʼ οὗτός γε δείκνυται, οἱ δʼ ἄνθρωποι οὐκέθʼ οὕτω λέγονται.
"And a certain Kerbesian pit is spoken of, which has deadly exhalations; but this, at least, is shown, though the people are no longer called by that name.
Αἰσχύλος δὲ συγχεῖ ἐν τῇ Νιόβῃ· φησὶ γὰρ ἐκείνη μνησθήσεσθαι τῶν περὶ Τάνταλον
"
οἷς ἐν Ἰδαίῳ πάγῳ
Διὸς πατρῴου βωμός ἐστι
"
καὶ πάλιν
"
Σίπυλον Ἰδαίαν ἀνὰ χθόνα.
And Aeschylus confuses things in his Niobe; for she says that she will remember those around Tantalus: "who on the Idaean hill have an altar of ancestral Zeus "and again: "Sipylus throughout the Idaean land.
"
καὶ ὁ Τάνταλος λέγει
"
σπείρω δʼ ἄρουραν δώδεχʼ ἡμερῶν ὁδόν,
Βερέκυντα χῶρον, ἔνθʼ Ἀδραστείας ἕδος
Ἴδη τε μυκηθμοῖσι καὶ βρυχήμασι
βρέμουσι μήλων, πᾶν τʼ ἐρέχθειον πέδον.
"And Tantalus says: "And I sow a field of twelve days' journey, the Berecyntian land, where is the seat of Adrasteia, and Ida resounds with the bleatings and roarings of sheep, and all the Erechthean plain.
"
"