§20.91.1τοῦ δʼ ἐνιαυσίου χρόνου διεληλυθότος Ἀθήνησι μὲν ἦρχε Φερεκλῆς, ἐν Ῥώμῃ δὲ τὴν ὑπατικὴν ἀρχὴν διεδέξαντο Πόπλιος Σεμπρώνιος καὶ Πόπλιος Σολπίκιος, ὀλυμπιὰς δʼ ἤχθη παρὰ τοῖς Ἠλείοις ἐνάτη πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατὸν δέκα, καθʼ ἣν ἐνίκα στάδιον Ἀνδρομένης Κορίνθιος.
When a year had elapsed, Pherecles was archon in Athens, and in Rome Publius Sempronius and Publius Sulpicius succeeded to the consular office, and the hundred and nineteenth Olympiad was celebrated by the Eleans, in which Andromenes of Corinth won the stadion race.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων Δημήτριος μὲν Ῥόδον πολιορκῶν, ἐπὶ ταῖς κατὰ θάλατταν προσβολαῖς ἀποτυγχάνων, ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς διέγνω τὰς ἐπιθέσεις ποιεῖσθαι.
During their term of office, Demetrius, who was besieging Rhodes and failing in his attacks from the sea, decided to make his assaults from the land.
§20.91.2παρασκευασάμενος οὖν ὕλης παντοίας πλῆθος κατεσκεύασε μηχανὴν τὴν καλουμένην ἑλέπολιν, ὑπεραίρουσαν πολὺ τῷ μεγέθει τῶν πρὸ αὐτῆς γενομένων.
Having therefore prepared a great quantity of timber of every kind, he constructed the engine called the helepolis, which far surpassed in size those built before it.
ἐσχαρίου γὰρ ὄντος τετραγώνου τὴν μὲν πλευρὰν ἑκάστην ὑπεστήσατο πηχῶν σχεδὸν πεντήκοντα, συμπεπηγυῖαν ἐκ τετραγώνων ξύλων σιδήρῳ δεδεμένων· τὴν δὲ ἀνὰ μέσον χώραν διέλαβε δοκοῖς ἀλλήλων ἀπεχούσαις ὡσανεὶ πῆχυν, ὅπως παράστασις ᾖ τοῖς προωθεῖν τὴν μηχανὴν μέλλουσιν.
Since the base was square, he made each side nearly fifty cubits, constructed from square beams bound together with iron; and he divided the space in the middle with beams spaced about one cubit from one another, so that there might be a standing place for those who were to push the engine forward.
§20.91.3τὸ δὲ πᾶν βάρος ἦν ὑπότροχον, στερεοῖς καὶ μεγάλοις ὀκτὼ τροχοῖς ὑπειλημμένον· τὰ γὰρ πάχη τῶν ἀψίδων ὑπῆρχε πηχῶν δυεῖν, σεσιδηρωμένα λεπίσιν ἰσχυραῖς.
The entire weight was on wheels, supported by eight strong and large wheels; for the thickness of the felloes was two cubits, plated with strong iron plates.
πρὸς δὲ τὴν ἐκ πλαγίας μετάθεσιν ἦσαν ἀντίστρεπτα πεπραγματευμένα, δι’ ὧν ἡ πᾶσα μηχανὴ ῥᾳδίως παντοίαν ὑπελάμβανε κίνησιν.
For turning sideways, they were engineered to be reversible, by means of which the entire engine easily took on every kind of movement.
§20.91.4ἐκ δὲ τῶν γωνιῶν ὑπῆρχον κίονες ἴσοι τῷ μήκει, βραχὺ λείποντες τῶν ἑκατὸν πηχῶν, οὕτως συννενευκότες εἰς ἀλλήλους ὡς τοῦ παντὸς κατασκευάσματος ὄντος ἐννεαστέγου τὴν μὲν πρώτην στέγην ὑπάρχειν ἀκαινῶν τεσσαράκοντα τριῶν, τὴν δʼ ἀνωτάτω ἐννέα.
From the corners rose pillars equal in length, lacking but little of a hundred cubits, leaning toward one another in such a way that, the entire structure being nine-storied, the first story was forty-three acaenae and the highest nine.
§20.91.5τὰς δὲ τρεῖς ἐπιφανεῖς πλευρὰς τῆς μηχανῆς ἔξωθεν συνεκάλυψε λεπίσι σιδηραῖς καθηλωμέναις, ἵνα μηδὲν ὑπὸ τῶν πυρφόρων βλάπτηται.
He covered the three exposed sides of the engine on the outside with iron plates secured with nails, so that it might receive no damage from fire-bearing missiles.
θυρίδας δʼ εἶχον αἱ στέγαι κατὰ πρόσωπον, τοῖς μεγέθεσι καὶ τοῖς σχήμασι πρὸς τὰς ἰδιότητας τῶν μελλόντων ἀφίεσθαι βελῶν ἁρμοζούσας.
The stories had shutters on the front, adapted in their sizes and shapes to the characteristics of the missiles that were to be discharged.
§20.91.6αὗται δὲ εἶχον καλύμματα διὰ μηχανῆς ἀνασπώμενα, διʼ ὧν ἀσφάλειαν ἐλάμβανον οἱ κατὰ τὰς στέγας περὶ τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν βελῶν ἀναστρεφόμενοι· ἦσαν μὲν γὰρ ἐκ βυρσῶν περιερραμμένα, πλήρη δὲ ἐρίων, εἰς τὸ τῇ πληγῇ ἐνδιδόναι τῶν λιθοβόλων.
These had covers drawn up by mechanical devices, by means of which those stationed on the stories engaged in discharging the missiles obtained safety; for they were sewn together from hides and filled with wool to yield to the blow of the stone-throwers.
§20.91.7ἑκάστη δὲ τῶν στεγῶν εἶχε δύο κλίμακας πλατείας, ὧν τῇ μὲν πρὸς τὴν ἀνακομιδὴν τῶν χρησίμων, τῇ δὲ πρὸς τὴν κατάβασιν ἐχρῶντο πρὸς τὸ χωρὶς θορύβου πᾶν ὑπηρετεῖσθαι.
Each of the stories had two wide stairways, one of which they used for bringing up what was needed, and the other for going down, so that everything might be served without confusion.
οἱ δὲ μέλλοντες κινήσειν τὴν μηχανὴν ἐξελέχθησαν ἐξ ἁπάσης τῆς δυνάμεως οἱ ταῖς ῥώμαις διαφέροντες ἄνδρες τρισχίλιοι καὶ τετρακόσιοι·
The men who were to move the engine were selected from the entire army, being three thousand four hundred men outstanding in strength.
§20.91.8τούτων δʼ οἱ μὲν ἐντὸς ἀποληφθέντες, οἱ δʼ ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν μερῶν παριστάμενοι προεώθουν, πολλὰ τῆς τέχνης συνεργούσης εἰς τὴν κίνησιν.
Of these, some shut inside and others stationed at the rear parts pushed it forward, with mechanical skill greatly aiding the movement.
κατεσκεύασε δὲ καὶ χελώνας τὰς μὲν χωστρίδας, τὰς δὲ κριοφορους καὶ στοὰς διʼ ὧν ἔμελλον οἱ τοῖς ἔργοις προσιόντες ἐλεύσεσθαι καὶ πάλιν ἐπιστρέψειν ἀσφαλῶς.
He also constructed sheds, some for filling up ditches and others carrying rams, and galleries through which those approaching the works could go and return in safety.
τοῖς δʼ ἐκ τῶν νεῶν πληρώμασιν ἀνεκάθαρε τὸν τόπον ἐπὶ σταδίους τέτταρας, διʼ ὧν ἔμελλεν προσάξειν τὰς κατασκευασθείσας μηχανάς, ὥστε γίνεσθαι τὸ ἔργον ἐπὶ μῆκος μεσοπυργίων ἓξ καὶ πύργων ἑπτά.
With the crews from the ships, he cleared the space for four stadia, through which he was to bring up the engines that had been constructed, so that the operation took place over a length of six curtain walls and seven towers.
τὸ δʼ ἠθροισμένον πλῆθος τῶν τεχνιτῶν καὶ τῶν τοῖς ἔργοις προσιόντων οὐ πολὺ ἐλείπετο τῶν τρισμυρίων.
The gathered multitude of artisans and those approaching the works did not fall much short of thirty thousand.