Humanitext Reader

Moschus · Europa §86-166

The Abduction of Europa and the Crossing to Crete

Passage 2 of 2 · Greek

Summary

Europa climbs onto the back of a beautiful golden bull (Zeus in disguise) in the meadow, only for the bull to suddenly run away and carry her across the sea. Upon arriving in Crete, Zeus reveals his true form, unites with Europa, and she becomes the mother of illustrious kings.

§86ὄσσε δ’ ὑπογλαύσσεσκε καὶ ἵμερον ἀστράπτεσκεν.
And his eyes gleamed with a bluish light and flashed with desire.
§87ἶσά τ’ ἐπ’ ἀλλήλοισι κέρα ἀνέτελλε καρήνου §88ἄντυγος ἡμιτόμου κεραῆς ἅτε κύκλα σελήνης.
and horns rose equal to one another from his head, like the horns of the crescent moon when its circle is cut in half.
§89ἤλυθε δ’ ἐς λειμῶνα καὶ οὐκ ἐφόβησε φαανθεὶς §90παρθενικάς, πάσῃσι δ’ ἔρως γένετ’ ἐγγὺς ἱκέσθαι §91ψαῦσαι θ’ ἱμερτοῖο βοός, τοῦ δ’ ἄμβροτος ὀδμὴ §92τηλόθι καὶ λειμῶνος ἐκαίνυτο λαρὸν ἀϋτμήν.
And he came into the meadow, and did not frighten by his appearance the maidens; and in all of them arose a desire to come near and touch the lovely ox; and his divine fragrance surpassed from afar even the sweet scent of the meadow.
§93στῆ δὲ ποδῶν προπάροιθεν ἀμύμονος Εὐρωπείης, §94καί οἱ λιχμάζεσκε δέρην, κατέθελγε δὲ κούρην.
And he stood before the feet of peerless Europa, and licked her neck, and charmed the maiden.
§95ἣ δέ μιν ἀμφαφάασκε καὶ ἠρέμα χείρεσιν ἀφρὸν §96πολλὸν ἀπὸ στομάτων ἀπομόργνυτο, καὶ κύσε ταῦρον.
She caressed him and gently wiped away with her hands the abundant foam from his mouth, and kissed the bull.
§97αὐτὰρ ὃ μειλίχιον μυκήσατο· φαῖό κεν αὐλοῦ §98Μυγδονίου γλυκὺν ἦχον ἀνηπύοντος ἀκούειν.
But he lowed gently; you would have said you were hearing the sweet sound of a Mygdonian flute piping.
§99ὤκλασε δὲ πρὸ ποδοῖιν, ἐδέρκετο δ’ Εὐρώπειαν §100αὐχέν’ ἐπιστρέψας καί οἱ πλατὺ δείκνυε νῶτον.
And he sank down before her feet, and looked at Europa, turning his neck, and showed her his broad back.
§101ἣ δὲ βαθυπλοκάμοισι μετέννεπε παρθενικῇσι· §102δεῦθ’ ἑτάραι φίλιαι καὶ ὁμήλικες, ὄφρ’ ἐπὶ τῷδε §103ἑζόμεναι ταύρῳ τερπώμεθα· δὴ γὰρ ἁπάσας §104νῶτον ὑποστορέσας ἀναδέξεται, οἷά τ’ ἐνηὴς §105πρηΰς τ’ εἰσιδέειν καὶ μείλιχος, οὐδέ τι ταύροις §106ἄλλοισι προσέοικε· νόος δέ οἱ ἠΰτε φωτὸς §107αἴσιμος ἀμφιθέει, μούνης δ’ ἐπιδεύεται αὐδῆς. §108ὣς φαμένη νώτοισιν ἐφίζανε μειδιόωσα,
And she spoke to the deep-tressed maidens: "Come, dear companions and age-mates, so that upon this bull sitting we may delight ourselves; for indeed all of us he will receive, spreading his back beneath us, like a gentle and mild to look upon, and sweet, and in no way like other bulls; and a mind like that of a man run-around-fittingly inside him, and he lacks only speech." So speaking, she sat upon his back, smiling, but the others hesitated.
§109αἱ δ’ ἄλλαι μέλλεσκον. ἄφαρ δ’ ἀνεπήλατο ταῦρος, §110ἣν θέλεν ἁρπάξας· ὠκὺς δ’ ἐπὶ πόντον ἵκανεν.
And immediately the bull leaped up, having snatched her whom he wanted; and swiftly he came to the sea.
§111ἣ δὲ μεταστρεφθεῖσα φίλας καλέεσκεν ἑταίρας §112χεῖρας ὀρεγνυμένη, ταὶ δ’ οὐκ ἐδύναντο κιχάνειν.
And she, turning back, called her dear companions, stretching out her hands, but they could not reach her.
§113ἀκτάων δ’ ἐπιβὰς πρόσσω θέεν ἠΰτε δελφὶς §114χηλαῖς ἀβρεκτοῖσιν ἐπ’ εὐρέα κύματα βαίνων.
And stepping upon the shores, he ran forward like a dolphin, walking upon the wide waves with dry hooves.
§115ἣ δὲ τότ’ ἐρχομένοιο γαληνιάασκε θάλασσα, §116κήτεα δ’ ἀμφὶς ἄταλλε Διὸς προπάροιθε ποδοῖιν, §117γηθόσυνος δ’ ὑπὲρ οἶδμα κυβίστεε βυσσόθε δελφίς· §118Νηρεΐδες δ’ ἀνέδυσαν ὑπὲξ ἁλός, αἳ δ’ ἄρα πᾶσαι §119κητείοις νώτοισιν ἐφήμεναι ἐστιχόωντο.
And then, as he went, the sea grew calm, and sea-monsters gamboled all around before the feet of Zeus, and rejoicing, the dolphin tumbled over the swell from the deep; and the Nereids rose up from out of the brine, and they all, sitting upon the backs of sea-monsters, marched in order.
§120καὶ δ’ αὐτὸς βαρύδουπος ὑπείραλος Ἐννοσίγαιος §121κῦμα κατιθύνων ἁλίης ἠγεῖτο κελεύθου §122αὐτοκασιγνήτῳ· τοὶ δ’ ἀμφί μιν ἠγερέθοντο §123Τρίτωνες, πόντοιο βαρύθροοι αὐλητῆρες, §124κόχλοισιν ταναοῖς γάμιον μέλος ἠπύοντες.
And also the heavy-thundering, ruler of the sea, Earth-shaker himself, smoothing the wave, led the way on the marine path for his brother; and around him gathered the Tritons, the deep-toned pipers of the sea, sounding the marriage song with their long conch-shells.
§125ἣ δ’ ἄρ’ ἐφεζομένη Ζηνὸς βοέοις ἐπὶ νώτοις §126τῇ μὲν ἔχεν ταύρου δολιχὸν κέρας, ἐν χερὶ δ’ ἄλλῃ §127εἴρυε πορφυρέην κολποῦ πτύχα, ὄφρά κε μή μιν §128δεύοι ἐφελκόμενον πολιῆς ἁλὸς ἄσπετον ὕδωρ.
And she, sitting upon the bovine back of Zeus, held with one hand the long horn of the bull, and in her other hand drew the purple fold of her garment, so that the immense water of the grey sea might not wet her as she was dragged along.
§129κολπώθη δ’ ὤμοισι πέπλος βαθὺς Εὐρωπείης, §130ἱστίον οἷά τε νηός, ἐλαφρίζεσκε δὲ κούρην.
And the deep robe of Europa swelled at her shoulders, like the sail of a ship, and lightened the maiden.
§131ἣ δ’ ὅτε δὴ γαίης ἀπὸ πατρίδος ἦεν ἄνευθεν, §132φαίνετο δ’ οὔτ’ ἀκτή τις ἁλίρροθος οὔτ’ ὄρος αἰπύ, §133ἀλλ’ ἀὴρ μὲν ἄνωθεν, ἔνερθε δὲ πόντος ἀπείρων, §134ἀμφί ἑ παπτήνασα τόσην ἀνενείκατο φωνήν· §135πῇ με φέρεις θεόταυρε;
But when she was far away from her native land, and neither any sea-washed shore appeared, nor any steep mountain, but only sky above, and the limitless sea below, looking around her, she uttered such a voice: "Whither do you carry me, divine bull?
τίς ἔπλεο;
Who are you?
πῶς δὲ κέλευθα §136ἀργαλἔ εἰλιπόδεσσι διέρχεαι, οὐδὲ θάλασσαν §137δειμαίνεις;
And how do you traverse difficult paths with heavy feet, and do not fear the sea?
νηυσὶν γὰρ ἐπίδρομός ἐστι θάλασσα §138ὠκυάλοις, ταῦροι δ’ ἁλίην τρομέουσιν ἀταρπόν.
For the sea is passable for swift-sailing ships, but bulls tremble at the marine path.
§139ποῖόν τοι ποτὸν ἡδύ;
What drink is sweet to you?
τίς ἐξ ἁλὸς ἔσσετ’ ἐδωδή;
What food will there be for you from the sea?
§140ἦ ἄρα τις θεός ἐσσι· θεοῖς γ’ ἐπεοικότα ῥέζεις.
Surely then you are some god; for you do deeds like the gods.
§141οὔθ’ ἅλιοι δελφῖνες ἐπὶ χθονὸς οὔτε τι ταῦροι §142ἐν πόντῳ στιχόωσι, σὺ δὲ χθόνα καὶ κατὰ πόντον §143ἄτρομος ἀΐσσεις, χηλαὶ δέ τοί εἰσιν ἐρετμά.
Neither do sea dolphins march upon the land, nor do any bulls go within the sea; but you through land and through sea rush without fear, and your hooves are as oars.
§144ἦ τάχα καὶ γλαυκῆς ὑπὲρ ἠέρος ὑψόσ’ ἀερθεὶς §145εἴκελος αἰψηροῖσι πετήσεαι οἰωνοῖσιν.
Surely soon, lifted up high above the grey air, you will fly like swift birds.
§146ὤμοι ἐγὼ μέγα δή τι δυσάμμορος, ἥ ῥά τε δῶμα §147πατρὸς ἀποπρολιποῦσα καὶ ἑσπομένη βοΐ τῷδε §148ξείνην ναυτιλίην ἐφέπω καὶ πλάζομαι οἴη.
Alas, how very ill-fated I am, who have left behind the house of my father, and following this bull, pursue a strange voyage and wander all alone.
§149ἀλλὰ σύ μοι μεδέων πολιῆς ἁλὸς Ἐννοσίγαιε §150ἵλαος ἀντιάσειας, ὃν ἔλπομαι εἰσοράασθαι §151τόνδε κατιθύνοντα πόρον προκέλευθον ἐμεῖο.
But do you, Earth-shaker, ruler of the grey sea, meet me favorably; for I think I see you, guiding this path before me.
§152οὐκ ἀθεεὶ γὰρ ταῦτα διέρχομαι ὑγρὰ κέλευθα. §153ὣς φάτο· τὴν δ’ ὧδε προσεφώνεεν ἠΰκερως βοῦς· §154θάρσει παρθενική, μὴ δείδιθι πόντιον οἶδμα.
For not without a god do I traverse these watery paths." So she spoke; and the well-horn bull addressed her thus: "Take courage, maiden, do not fear the swell of the sea.
§155αὐτός τοι Ζεύς εἰμι, κεἰ ἐγγύθεν εἴδομαι εἶναι §156ταῦρος· ἐπεὶ δύναμαί γε φανήμεναι ὅττι θέλοιμι.
I am Zeus himself, even if from close by I seem to be a bull; since I can appear as whatever I wish.
§157σὸς δὲ πόθος μ’ ἀνέηκε τόσην ἅλα μετρήσασθαι §158ταύρῳ ἐειδόμενον· Κρήτη δέ σε δέξεται ἤδη, §159ἥ μ’ ἔθρεψε καὶ αὐτόν, ὅπῃ νυμφήϊα σεῖο §160ἔσσεται· ἐξ ἐμέθεν δὲ κλυτοὺς φιτύσεαι υἷας, §161οἳ σκηπτοῦχοι ἄνακτες ἐπὶ χθονίοισιν ἔσονται. §162ὣς φάτο· καὶ τετέλεστο τά περ φάτο.
And desire for you impelled me to measure out so great a sea, appearing as a bull; and Crete shall receive you now, which nurtured me too, where your wedding-chamber shall be; and from me you shall bring forth famous sons, who shall be scepter-bearing kings over those on earth." So he spoke; and what he spoke was fulfilled.
Φαίνετο μὲν δὴ §163Κρήτη, Ζεὺς δὲ πάλιν σφετέρην ἀνελάζετο μορφήν, §164λῦσε δέ οἱ μίτρην, καί οἱ λέχος ἔντυον Ὧραι.
And indeed there appeared Crete, and Zeus took back again his own form, and he loosed her girdle, and the Horai prepared her bed.
§165ἡ δὲ πάρος κούρη Ζηνὸς γένετ’ αὐτίκα νύμφη, §166καὶ Κρονίδῃ τέκνα τίκτε καὶ αὐτίκα γίνετο μήτηρ.
And she, previously a maiden, became straightway the bride of Zeus, and bore children to the son of Cronus, and straightway became a mother.

Notes

  1. §97φαῖό κεν — The second-person singular optative of potential (used as an indefinite "one would say") with the particle κεν, expressing potentiality in the past ("you would have said that...").
  2. §105εἰσιδέειν — An epexegetic (explanatory) infinitive qualifying the adjectives ἐνηής (gentle) and πρηΰς (mild), functioning like a supine to express "to look upon" or "in appearance."
  3. §109μέλλεσκον — An iterative imperfect form (with the Ionic suffix -σκ-) of the verb μέλλω (to be about to, or to delay/hesitate), indicating that the other maidens "were about to" or "were hesitating" while Europa climbed.
  4. §122αὐτοκασιγνήτῳ — Dative case depending on the verb of leading ἠγεῖτο (from ἠγέομαι), functioning either as a dative of advantage ("led the way for his brother") or as the direct object governed by the verb.
  5. §127μή μιν δεύοι — An optative of purpose introduced by ὄφρα and accompanied by the particle κε, functioning as an oblique optative after the historical main verb εἴρυε to express a potential or contingent intent ("lest it might wet her").

Cite this passage

Moschus, Europa §86-166. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0035.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:86-166

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