Humanitext Reader

Aristophanes · Peace §1-78

Feeding the Dung Beetle and Trygaios's Madness

Passage 1 of 16 · Greek

Summary

Two servants complain while feeding a giant dung beetle kept by their master, Trygaios, and explain to the audience his bizarre madness: he treats the beetle as a Pegasus in order to fly to Zeus in heaven.

§1αἶρʼ αἶρε μᾶζαν ὡς τάχιστα κανθάρῳ.
Bring, bring the dung cake as quickly as possible for the beetle.
§2ἰδού.
Here it is.
δὸς αὐτῷ, τῷ κάκιστʼ ἀπολουμένῳ §3καὶ μήποτʼ αὐτῆς μᾶζαν ἡδίω φάγοι.
Give it to him, to that scoundrel who is bound to perish miserably, and may he never eat a sweeter cake than this one!
§4δὸς μᾶζαν ἑτέραν, ἐξ ὀνίδων πεπλασμένην.
Give him another cake, molded from donkey dung.
§5ἰδοὺ μάλʼ αὖφις.
Here is another one indeed.
ποῦ γὰρ ἣν νῦν δὴ ʼφερες;
Where is the one you were just carrying?
§6κατέφαγεν;
Did he eat it up?
§6bοὐ μὰ τὸν Δίʼ ἀλλʼ ἐξαρπάσας §7ὅλην ἐνέκαψε περικυλίσας τοῖν ποδοῖν.
No, by Zeus, but snatching it away, he rolled it around with his two feet and swallowed it whole.
§8ἀλλʼ ὡς τάχιστα τρῖβε πολλὰς καὶ πυκνάς.
Come, rub many and thick ones as quickly as possible.
§9ἄνδρες κοπρολόγοι προσλάβεσθε πρὸς θεῶν, §10εἰ μή με βούλεσθʼ ἀποπνιγέντα περιιδεῖν.
Men of the dung-collectors, help me, by the gods, unless you want to look on while I am choked to death.
§11ἑτέραν ἑτέραν δός, παιδὸς ἡταιρηκότος· §12τετριμμένης γάρ φησιν ἐπιθυμεῖν.
Give another, another one, of a boy who has prostituted himself; for he says he desires one that is well-kneaded.
§12bἰδού.
Here it is.
§13ἑνὸς μὲν ὦνδρες ἀπολελύσθαι μοι δοκῶ· §14οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἂν φαίη με μάττοντʼ ἐσθίειν.
Men, I think I am acquitted of one charge at least; for no one could say that I eat while kneading.
§15αἰβοῖ, φέρʼ ἄλλην χἀτέραν μοι χἀτέραν, §16καὶ τρῖβʼ ἔθʼ ἑτέρας.
Ouch! Bring another, and another, and another for me, and rub still more.
§16bμὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω ʼγὼ μὲν οὔ· §17οὐ γὰρ ἔθʼ οἶός τʼ εἴμʼ ὑπερέχειν τῆς ἀντλίας.
No, by Apollo, not I; for I am no longer able to hold out against the bilge-water.
§18αὐτὴν ἄρʼ οἴσω συλλαβὼν τὴν ἀντλίαν.
Then I will take the bilge-bucket itself and carry it.
§19νὴ τὸν Δίʼ ἐς κόρακάς γε καὶ σαυτόν γε πρός.
By Zeus, go to the crows, and you too as well!
§20ὑμῶν δέ γʼ εἴ τις οἶδʼ ἐμοὶ κατειπάτω, §21πόθεν ἂν πριαίμην ῥῖνα μὴ τετρημένην.
But if any of you knows, let him tell me, where I could buy a nose that is not pierced with nostrils.
§22οὐδὲν γὰρ ἔργον ἦν ἄρʼ ἀθλιώτερον §23ἢ κανθάρῳ μάττοντα παρέχειν ἐσθίειν.
For there was indeed no task more miserable than kneading and serving food to a beetle.
§24ὗς μὲν γάρ, ὥσπερ ἂν χέσῃ τις, ἢ κύων §25φαύλως ἐρείδει· τοῦτο δʼ ὑπὸ φρονήματος §26βρενθύεταί τε καὶ φαγεῖν οὐκ ἀξιοῖ, §27ἢν μὴ παραθῶ τρίψας διʼ ἡμέρας ὅλης §28ὥσπερ γυναικὶ γογγύλην μεμαγμένην.
For a pig or a dog, just as someone defecates, immediately greedily devours it; but this one, out of sheer pride, puts on airs and does not deign to eat, unless I serve it after kneading it all day long like a round cake kneaded for a lady.
§29ἀλλʼ εἰ πέπαυται τῆς ἐδωδῆς σκέψομαι §30τῃδὶ παροίξας τῆς θύρας, ἵνα μή μʼ ἴδῃ.
But I will see if he has stopped eating by opening this door a little, so that he doesn't see me.
§31ἔρειδε, μὴ παύσαιο μηδέποτʼ ἐσθίων §32τέως ἕως σαυτὸν λάθοις διαρραγείς.
Keep eating, may you never stop eating, until you burst without realizing it yourself.
§33οἷον δὲ κύψας ὁ κατάρατος ἐσθίει, §34ὥσπερ παλαιστής, παραβαλὼν τοὺς γομφίους, §35καὶ ταῦτα τὴν κεφαλήν τε καὶ τὼ χεῖρέ πως §36ὡδὶ περιάγων, ὥσπερ οἱ τὰ σχοινία §37τὰ παχέα συμβάλλοντες ἐς τὰς ὁλκάδας.
And how the cursed thing eats, bending down, like a wrestler, working his jaw-teeth, and moreover bringing his head and two hands somehow around like this, just like men who are twisting thick cables into merchant ships.
§38μιαρὸν τὸ χρῆμα καὶ κάκοσμον καὶ βορόν·
A filthy thing, smelly and gluttonous!
§39χὤτου ποτʼ ἐστὶ δαιμόνων ἡ προσβολὴ §40οὐκ οἶδʼ.
And from which of the gods this visitation comes I do not know.
Ἀφροδίτης μὲν γὰρ οὔ μοι φαίνεται, §41οὐ μὴν Χαρίτων γε.
For it does not seem to me to be Aphrodite's, nor indeed the Graces'.
§41bτοῦ γάρ ἐστʼ;
Whose is it then?
§41cοὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅπως §42τοῦτʼ ἔστι τὸ τέρας οὐ Διὸς καταιβάτου.
It cannot be other than that this monster belongs to none other than Zeus the Descender.
§43οὐκοῦν ἂν ἤδη τῶν θεατῶν τις λέγοι §44νεανίας δοκησίσοφος, τὸ δὲ πρᾶγμα τί;
Now indeed some spectator might say, a self-styled clever youth, "What is the matter?
§45ὁ κάνθαρος δὲ πρὸς τί; κᾆτʼ αὐτῷ γʼ ἀνὴρ §46Ἰωνικός τίς φησι παρακαθήμενος· §47δοκέω μέν, ἐς Κλέωνα τοῦτʼ αἰνίσσεται, §48ὡς κεῖνος ἀναιδέως τὴν σπατίλην ἐσθίει. §49ἀλλʼ εἰσιὼν τῷ κανθάρῳ δώσω πιεῖν.
What is the beetle for?" And then some Ionian man sitting next to him says: "I think this riddles at Cleon, since he shamelessly eats liquid dung." But I will go in and give the beetle something to drink.
§50ἐγὼ δὲ τὸν λόγον γε τοῖσι παιδίοις §51καὶ τοῖσιν ἀνδρίοισι καὶ τοῖς ἀνδράσιν §52καὶ τοῖς ὑπερτάτοισιν ἀνδράσιν φράσω §53καὶ τοῖς ὑπερηνορέουσιν ἔτι τούτοις μάλα.
And I will tell the story to the little children, and to the young men, and to the grown men, and to the greatest men, and still more to these overweening men.
§54ὁ δεσπότης μου μαίνεται καινὸν τρόπον, §55οὐχ ὅνπερ ὑμεῖς, ἀλλʼ ἕτερον καινὸν πάνυ.
My master is mad in a new way, not like you, but in another, completely new fashion.
§56διʼ ἡμέρας γὰρ ἐς τὸν οὐρανὸν βλέπων §57ὡδὶ κεχηνὼς λοιδορεῖται τῷ Διὶ §58καί φησιν, ὦ Ζεῦ τί ποτε βουλεύει ποιεῖν;
For all day long, looking into heaven with his mouth agape like this, he abuses Zeus and says, "O Zeus, what on earth do you intend to do?
§59κατάθου τὸ κόρημα·
Lay down the broom!
μὴ ʼκκόρει τὴν Ἑλλάδα. §60ἔα ἔα.
Do not sweep Greece away!" Ah, ah!
§61σιγήσαθʼ, ὡς φωνῆς ἀκούειν μοι δοκῶ.
Be silent, for I think I hear a voice.
§62ὦ Ζεῦ τί δρασείεις ποθʼ ἡμῶν τὸν λεών;
"O Zeus, what are you going to do to our people?
§63λήσεις σεαυτὸν τὰς πόλεις ἐκκοκκίσας. §64τοῦτʼ ἔστι τουτὶ τὸ κακὸν αὔθʼ οὑγὼ ʼλεγον.
You will destroy the cities to the core without realizing it." This is it, this very evil that I was talking about.
§65τὸ γὰρ παράδειγμα τῶν μανιῶν ἀκούετε· §66ἃ δʼ εἶπε πρῶτον ἡνίκʼ ἤρχεθʼ ἡ χολή, §67πεύσεσθʼ.
For you hear the proof of his madness; but what he said first when his bile began to rise, you shall hear.
ἔφασκε γὰρ πρὸς αὑτὸν ἐνθαδί· §68πῶς ἄν ποτʼ ἀφικοίμην ἂν εὐθὺ τοῦ Διός; §69ἔπειτα λεπτὰ κλιμάκια ποιούμενος, §70πρὸς ταῦτʼ ἀνηρριχᾶτʼ ἂν ἐς τὸν οὐρανόν, §71ἕως ξυνετρίβη τῆς κεφαλῆς καταρρυείς.
For he used to say to himself right here: "How could I ever go straight to Zeus?" Then, making slender little ladders, he would scramble up on them towards heaven, until he fell down and smashed his head.
§72ἐχθὲς δὲ μετὰ ταῦτʼ ἐκφθαρεὶς οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅποι §73εἰσήγαγʼ Αἰτναῖον μέγιστον κάνθαρον, §74κἄπειτα τοῦτον ἱπποκομεῖν μʼ ἠνάγκασεν, §75καὐτὸς καταψῶν αὐτὸν ὥσπερ πωλίον, §76ὦ Πηγάσειον, φησί, γενναῖον πτερόν, §77ὅπως πετήσει μʼ εὐθὺ τοῦ Διὸς λαβών. §78ἀλλʼ ὅ τι ποιεῖ τῃδὶ διακύψας ὄψομαι.
And yesterday, after this, having rushed off to I don't know where, he brought home a huge Etnaean beetle, and then forced me to act as its groom, while he himself patted it like a colt, saying, "O my little Pegasus, noble winged creature, see that you take me and fly straight to Zeus!" But I will peep through here and see what he is doing.

Notes

  1. §2τῷ κάκιστʼ ἀπολουμένῳ — Substantive use of the future participle, meaning 'he who is bound to perish most miserably.' This is a formulaic expression of curse or abuse common in Old Comedy.
  2. §10ἀποπνιγέντα περιιδεῖν — The verb `περιοράω` (to overlook, allow) takes a supplementary participle (here `ἀποπνιγέντα`) meaning 'to look on while someone is choked.' Accompanied by the conditional clause `εἰ μή`, it forms an appeal to the audience.
  3. §22ἦν ἄρʼ — The imperfect tense `ἦν` combined with the particle `ἄρα` expresses a sudden realization or discovery of a pre-existing fact ('was, as it turns out, indeed...'), often called the 'imperfektum alibi' or 'imperfect of discovery.'
  4. §32ἕως σαυτὸν λάθοις διαρραγείς — The conjunction `ἕως` (until) takes the optative `λάθοις` by attraction to the preceding optative of wish `μὴ παύσαιο`. The verb `λανθάνω` with the participle `διαρραγείς` means 'to burst without realizing it.'
  5. §63λήσεις σεαυτὸν τὰς πόλεις ἐκκοκκίσας — The combination of the future `λήσεις` (from `λανθάνω`), the reflexive pronoun `σεαυτόν`, and the aorist participle `ἐκκοκκίσας` expresses a future action that the subject will perform without being aware of it: 'you will destroy the cities before you know it.'
  6. §70ἀνηρριχᾶτʼ ἂν — An indicative past (imperfect `ἀνηρριχᾶτο`) with the particle `ἄν` to express an iterative or habitual action in the past ('he would scramble up,' 'he used to scramble up').

Cite this passage

Aristophanes, Peace §1-78. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0019.tlg005.humanitext-grc2:1-78

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.