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Herodotus · Histories §8.99.1-8.99.2

Grief and Consternation in Susa upon the News of Defeat

Passage 1407 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

The Persians in Susa initially rejoice at the news of the capture of Athens, but are thrown into deep grief and anxiety for Xerxes' safety upon receiving the second message of defeat.

§8.99.1ἡ μὲν δὴ πρώτη ἐς Σοῦσα ἀγγελίη ἀπικομένη, ὡς ἔχοι Ἀθήνας Ξέρξης, ἔτερψε οὕτω δή τι Περσέων τοὺς ὑπολειφθέντας ὡς τάς τε ὁδοὺς μυρσίνῃ πάσας ἐστόρεσαν καὶ ἐθυμίων θυμιήματα καὶ αὐτοὶ ἦσαν ἐν θυσίῃσί τε καὶ εὐπαθείῃσι.
The first message to arrive in Susa, announcing that Xerxes held Athens, so greatly delighted those Persians who had been left behind that they strewed all the streets with myrtle, burned incense, and were themselves engaged in sacrifices and festivities.
§8.99.2ἡ δὲ δευτέρη σφι ἀγγελίη ἐπεσελθοῦσα συνέχεε οὕτω ὥστε τοὺς κιθῶνας κατερρήξαντο πάντες, βοῇ τε καὶ οἰμωγῇ ἐχρέωντο ἀπλέτῳ, Μαρδόνιον ἐν αἰτίῃ τιθέντες.
But the second message, coming upon them, threw them into such confusion that they all tore their tunics and raised an aggregate of endless shouting and wailing, laying the blame on Mardonius.
οὐκ οὕτω δὲ περὶ τῶν νεῶν ἀχθόμενοι ταῦτα οἱ Πέρσαι ἐποίευν ὡς περὶ αὐτῷ Ξέρξῃ δειμαίνοντες.
Yet the Persians did not do this so much out of grief for the ships, as out of fear for Xerxes himself.

Notes

  1. §8.99.1ὡς ἔχοι — The optative ἔχοι is an optative of indirect discourse (optativus obliquus) representing an original indicative present ἔχει after the historical main verb, expressing the content of the message that "Xerxes holds Athens."
  2. §8.99.2οὐκ οὕτω δὲ περὶ τῶν νεῶν ἀχθόμενοι ταῦτα οἱ Πέρσαι ἐποίευν ὡς περὶ αὐτῷ Ξέρξῃ δειμαίνοντες — A comparative structure meaning "the Persians did this not so much because they grieved for the ships, as because they feared for Xerxes himself." The two causal participles ἀχθόμενοι and δειμαίνοντες are coordinated by οὐκ οὕτω and ὡς respectively, both modifying the main verb ἐποίευν.

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §8.99.1-8.99.2. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.99.1-8.99.2

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