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Herodotus · Histories §8.108.1-8.108.4

Council at Andros and Debate on Destroying the Bridges

Passage 1416 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

The Greeks pursue the Persian fleet but fail to catch them before reaching Andros, where they hold a council. Themistocles proposes sailing to the Hellespont to destroy the bridges, but Eurybiades opposes this, arguing that trapping the Persians in Europe would be dangerous, a view supported by the other generals.

§8.108.1ὡς δὲ ἡμέρη ἐγίνετο, ὁρῶντες οἱ Ἕλληνες κατὰ χώρην μένοντα τὸν στρατὸν τὸν πεζὸν ἤλπιζον καὶ τὰς νέας εἶναι περὶ Φάληρον, ἐδόκεόν τε ναυμαχήσειν σφέας παραρτέοντό τε ὡς ἀλεξησόμενοι.
When day broke, the Greeks, seeing the land army remaining in its place, expected that the ships also were around Phalerum, and thought that they would fight a sea battle, and prepared themselves to defend against them.
ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐπύθοντο τὰς νέας οἰχωκυίας, αὐτίκα μετὰ ταῦτα ἐδόκεε ἐπιδιώκειν.
But when they learned that the ships had gone, they decided immediately after this to pursue them.
τὸν μέν νυν ναυτικὸν τὸν Ξέρξεω στρατὸν οὐκ ἐπεῖδον διώξαντες μέχρι Ἄνδρου, ἐς δὲ τὴν Ἄνδρον ἀπικόμενοι ἐβουλεύοντο.
Now, though they pursued Xerxes' fleet as far as Andros, they did not catch sight of it, and having arrived at Andros, they held a council.
§8.108.2Θεμιστοκλέης μέν νυν γνώμην ἀπεδείκνυτο διὰ νήσων τραπομένους καὶ ἐπιδιώξαντας τὰς νέας πλέειν ἰθέως ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον λύσοντας τὰς γεφύρας·
Themistocles then declared his opinion that they should steer through the islands, pursue the ships, and sail straight to the Hellespont to destroy the bridges.
Εὐρυβιάδης δὲ τὴν ἐναντίην ταύτῃ γνώμην ἐτίθετο, λέγων ὡς εἰ λύσουσι τὰς σχεδίας, τοῦτʼ ἂν μέγιστον πάντων σφι κακῶν τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἐργάσαιτο.
But Eurybiades set forth the opposite opinion to this, saying that if they should destroy the pontoon bridges, this would work the greatest of all evils for Greece.
§8.108.3εἰ γὰρ ἀναγκασθείη ὁ Πέρσης μένειν ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ, πειρῷτο ἂν ἡσυχίην μὴ ἄγειν, ὡς ἄγοντι μέν οἱ ἡσυχίην οὔτε τι προχωρέειν οἷόν τε ἔσται τῶν πρηγμάτων οὔτε τις κομιδὴ τὰ ὀπίσω φανήσεται, λιμῷ τέ οἱ ἡ στρατιὴ διαφθερέεται, ἐπιχειρέοντι δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἔργου ἐχομένῳ πάντα τὰ κατὰ τὴν Εὐρώπην οἷά τε ἔσται προσχωρῆσαι κατὰ πόλις τε καὶ κατὰ ἔθνεα, ἤτοι ἁλισκομένων γε ἢ πρὸ τούτου ὁμολογεόντων· τροφήν τε ἕξειν σφέας τὸν ἐπέτειον αἰεὶ τὸν τῶν Ἑλλήνων καρπόν.
For if the Persian should be compelled to remain in Europe, he would try not to keep quiet; since if he kept quiet, none of his affairs could make any progress, nor would any way of return appear, and his army would perish of hunger; whereas if he took action and applied himself to work, all parts of Europe, city by city and nation by nation, would be likely to submit to him, either by being conquered or by making agreement beforehand, and they would have the annual crop of the Greeks as their constant food.
§8.108.4ἀλλὰ δοκέειν γὰρ νικηθέντα τῇ ναυμαχίῃ οὐ μενέειν ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ τὸν Πέρσην· ἐατέον ὦν εἶναι φεύγειν, ἐς ὃ ἔλθοι φεύγων ἐς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ· τὸ ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ περὶ τῆς ἐκείνου ποιέεσθαι ἤδη τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐκέλευε.
But indeed, since it seemed that after being defeated in the sea battle the Persian would not remain in Europe, they should let him flee until he reached his own land in his flight; and thereafter, he urged, they should already carry on the struggle for his own territory.
ταύτης δὲ εἴχοντο τῆς γνώμης καὶ Πελοποννησίων τῶν ἄλλων οἱ στρατηγοί.
The generals of the other Peloponnesians also held to this opinion.

Notes

  1. §8.108.1ἐδόκεε ἐπιδιώκειν — Impersonal use of ἐδόκεε ("it seemed good to them to pursue," i.e., "they decided to pursue"), where the implied subject is the Greeks.
  2. §8.108.2τὰς γεφύρας — Synonymous with τὰς σχεδίας (the pontoon bridges) in the subsequent speech of Eurybiades, referring to Xerxes' bridges across the Hellespont.
  3. §8.108.3ὡς ἄγοντι μέν οἱ ἡσυχίην — The conjunction ὡς introduces a subordinate clause of reason in indirect discourse, where the participle ἄγοντι agrees with the dative pronoun οἱ (the Persian king) and acts as a conditional participle ("if he should keep quiet").
  4. §8.108.3ἤτοι ἁλισκομένων γε ἢ πρὸ τούτου ὁμολογεόντων — A genitive absolute construction, where the implied subject refers to the parts of Europe (cities or nations) mentioned previously ("either by being conquered or by making agreement before this").
  5. §8.108.4ἀλλὰ δοκέειν γάρ — The infinitive δοκέειν continues the indirect speech from the previous sentence. Combined with γάρ, it inserts a parenthetical explanation ("but, since it seemed that...") within the reported discourse.

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §8.108.1-8.108.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.108.1-8.108.4

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