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Herodotus · Histories §6.98.1-6.98.3

Earthquake at Delos as an Omen of Greece's Tribulations

Passage 1004 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

Datis sails for Eretria, and immediately afterward Delos experiences an unprecedented earthquake. This event is interpreted as a divine portent of the immense hardships that would plague Greece during the reigns of Darius, Xerxes, and Artaxerxes.

§6.98.1Δᾶτις μὲν δὴ ταῦτα ποιήσας ἔπλεε ἅμα τῷ στρατῷ ἐπὶ τὴν Ἐρέτριαν πρῶτα, ἅμα ἀγόμενος καὶ Ἴωνας καὶ Αἰολέας.
Datis, indeed, having done these things, sailed with the army first against Eretria, bringing along with him both Ionians and Aeolians.
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον ἐνθεῦτεν ἐξαναχθέντα Δῆλος ἐκινήθη, ὡς ἔλεγον Δήλιοι, καὶ πρῶτα καὶ ὕστατα μέχρι ἐμεῦ σεισθεῖσα.
After his departure from there, Delos was shaken—as the Delians said—this being both the first and the last time it was shaken up to my day.
καὶ τοῦτο μέν κου τέρας ἀνθρώποισι τῶν μελλόντων ἔσεσθαι κακῶν ἔφαινε ὁ θεός.
And this, I suppose, the god showed to men as a portent of the evils that were to come.
§6.98.2ἐπὶ γὰρ Δαρείου τοῦ Ὑστάσπεος καὶ Ξέρξεω τοῦ Δαρείου καὶ Ἀρτοξέρξεω τοῦ Ξέρξεω, τριῶν τουτέων ἐπεξῆς γενεέων, ἐγένετο πλέω κακὰ τῇ Ἑλλάδι ἢ ἐπὶ εἴκοσι ἄλλας γενεὰς τὰς πρὸ Δαρείου γενομένας, τὰ μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν Περσέων αὐτῇ γενόμενα, τὰ δὲ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν κορυφαίων περὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς πολεμεόντων.
For during the reigns of Darius son of Hystaspes, Xerxes son of Darius, and Artaxerxes son of Xerxes—these three successive generations—more evils befell Greece than during the twenty other generations preceding Darius; some of these befell her from the Persians, and others from the leading states themselves fighting for supremacy.
§6.98.3οὕτω οὐδὲν ἦν ἀεικὲς κινηθῆναι Δῆλον τὸ πρὶν ἐοῦσαν ἀκίνητον.
Thus, there was nothing unfitting in Delos being shaken, which before had been unshaken.
καὶ ἐν χρησμῷ ἦν γεγραμμένον περὶ αὐτῆς ὧδε. " κινήσω καὶ Δῆλον ἀκίνητόν περ ἐοῦσαν.
Indeed, it had been written in an oracle concerning her as follows: "I shall move even Delos, though it is unshaken.
" δύναται δὲ κατὰ Ἑλλάδα γλῶσσαν ταῦτα τὰ οὐνόματα, Δαρεῖος ἐρξίης, Ξέρξης ἀρήιος, Ἀρτοξέρξης μέγας ἀρήιος. τούτους μὲν δὴ τοὺς βασιλέας ὧδε ἂν ὀρθῶς κατὰ γλῶσσαν τὴν σφετέρην Ἕλληνες καλέοιεν.
"In the Greek language, these names mean: Darius, "doer"; Xerxes, "warrior"; Artaxerxes, "great warrior." These kings, therefore, the Greeks would rightly call thus in their own tongue.

Notes

  1. 6.98.1μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον ἐνθεῦτεν ἐξαναχθέντα — A construction similar to the Latin "ab urbe condita" construction, where the preposition μετά is followed by an accusative noun (or pronoun) and a participle, meaning "after his departure from there" (literally, "after him having been set out from there").
  2. 6.98.2αὐτῇ — Dative feminine singular of the demonstrative pronoun, referring back to the feminine noun "τῇ Ἑλλάδι" (to Greece) in the preceding clause.
  3. 6.98.3δύναται — The verb δύναμαι is used here in the sense of "to mean" or "to signify." Its subject is the neuter plural "ταῦτα τὰ οὐνόματα," following the rule that a neuter plural subject takes a singular verb.

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §6.98.1-6.98.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.98.1-6.98.3

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