Humanitext Reader

Herodotus · Histories §3.23.1-3.23.4

The Miraculous Spring of Longevity and the Golden Prison

Passage 427 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

The Fish-eaters inquire of the Ethiopian king and learn about the miraculous spring, believed to be the source of their longevity, and the prison where captives are bound in golden chains.

§3.23.1ἀντειρομένων δὲ τὸν βασιλέα τῶν Ἰχθυοφάγων τῆς ζόης καὶ διαίτης πέρι, ἔτεα μὲν ἐς εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατὸν τοὺς πολλοὺς αὐτῶν ἀπικνέεσθαι, ὑπερβάλλειν δὲ τινὰς καὶ ταῦτα, σίτησιν δὲ εἶναι κρέα τε ἑφθὰ καὶ πόμα γάλα.
And when the Fish-eaters in turn asked the king about their life span and diet, he said that most of them reached a hundred and twenty years, and some even exceeded this, and that their food was boiled meat and their drink was milk.
§3.23.2θῶμα δὲ ποιευμένων τῶν κατασκόπων περὶ τῶν ἐτέων, ἐπὶ κρήνην σφι ἡγήσασθαι, ἀπʼ ἧς λουόμενοι λιπαρώτεροι ἐγίνοντο, κατά περ εἰ ἐλαίου εἴη· ὄζειν δὲ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς ὡς εἰ ἴων.
While the spies were wondering at the number of years, he led them to a spring, by washing in which they became sleeker, as if it were of olive oil; and from it there was an odor as if of violets.
§3.23.3ἀσθενὲς δὲ τὸ ὕδωρ τῆς κρήνης ταύτης οὕτω δή τι ἔλεγον εἶναι οἱ κατάσκοποι ὥστε μηδὲν οἷόν τʼ εἶναι ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ ἐπιπλέειν, μήτε ξύλον μήτε τῶν ὅσα ξύλου ἐστὶ ἐλαφρότερα, ἀλλὰ πάντα σφέα χωρέειν ἐς βυσσόν.
The spies said that the water of this spring was so light that nothing was able to float upon it, neither wood nor any of the things that are lighter than wood, but they all sank to the bottom.
τὸ δὲ ὕδωρ τοῦτο εἴ σφι ἐστὶ ἀληθέως οἷόν τι λέγεται, διὰ τοῦτο ἂν εἶεν, τούτῳ τὰ πάντα χρεώμενοι, μακρόβιοι.
If this water is truly of such a kind as is said, it would be because of this, using it for everything, that they are long-lived.
§3.23.4ἀπὸ τῆς κρήνης δὲ ἀπαλλασσομένων, ἀγαγεῖν σφεας ἐς δεσμωτήριον ἀνδρῶν, ἔνθα τοὺς πάντας ἐν πέδῃσι χρυσέῃσι δεδέσθαι.
When they departed from the spring, he led them to a prison for men, where everyone was bound in golden fetters.
ἔστι δὲ ἐν τούτοισι τοῖσι Αἰθίοψι πάντων ὁ χαλκὸς σπανιώτατον καὶ τιμιώτατον.
Among these Ethiopians, bronze is the rarest and most precious of all things.
θεησάμενοι δὲ καὶ τὸ δεσμωτήριον, ἐθεήσαντο καὶ τὴν τοῦ ἡλίου λεγομένην τράπεζαν.
Having seen the prison, they also saw what is called the Table of the Sun.

Notes

  1. 3.23.1ἀπικνέεσθαι — An infinitive in indirect discourse, depending on an implied verb of saying ("they said" or "he said" carried over from context, such as ἔφη). The subsequent infinitives ὑπερβάλλειν and εἶναι function in the same way.
  2. 3.23.2κατά περ εἰ ἐλαίου εἴη — Expresses a hypothetical comparison ("just as if it were of..."). εἴη is the optative of εἶναι, and the genitive ἐλαίου indicates the material or property ("of olive oil").
  3. 3.23.3διὰ τοῦτο ἂν εἶεν — A potential optative with ἄν (ἂν εἶεν), expressing a logical inference or possibility in response to the preceding real condition (εἰ ἐστί...).
  4. 3.23.4σπανιώτατον καὶ τιμιώτατον — Although the subject ὁ χαλκὸς is masculine, the predicate adjectives are neuter singular (σπανιώτατον, τιμιώτατον). This is a standard Greek idiom where a concrete noun is generalized as a "thing" or "concept."

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §3.23.1-3.23.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.23.1-3.23.4

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