Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §22.70-22.140

Death of Eurymachus and the Fetching of Armor

Passage 155 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Eurymachus charges Odysseus but is slain, and Amphinomus is killed by Telemachus. Telemachus brings armor to equip their side, while Melanthius proposes to fetch weapons for the suitors from the storeroom.

§22.70ὦ φίλοι, οὐ γὰρ σχήσει ἀνὴρ ὅδε χεῖρας ἀάπτους, §22.71ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ ἔλλαβε τόξον ἐΰξοον ἠδὲ φαρέτρην, §22.72οὐδοῦ ἄπο ξεστοῦ τοξάσσεται, εἰς ὅ κε πάντας §22.73ἄμμε κατακτείνῃ·
"Friends, for this man will not stay his furious hands; but since he has got the well-polished bow and the quiver, he will shoot from the polished threshold, until he slays all of us.
ἀλλὰ μνησώμεθα χάρμης.
But let us take thought of battle!
§22.74φάσγανά τε σπάσσασθε καὶ ἀντίσχεσθε τραπέζας §22.75ἰῶν ὠκυμόρων· ἐπὶ δʼ αὐτῷ πάντες ἔχωμεν §22.76ἀθρόοι, εἴ κέ μιν οὐδοῦ ἀπώσομεν ἠδὲ θυράων, §22.77ἔλθωμεν δʼ ἀνὰ ἄστυ, βοὴ δʼ ὤκιστα γένοιτο· §22.78τῷ κε τάχʼ οὗτος ἀνὴρ νῦν ὕστατα τοξάσσαιτο. §22.79ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας εἰρύσσατο φάσγανον ὀξὺ §22.80χάλκεον, ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀκαχμένον, ἆλτο δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ §22.81σμερδαλέα ἰάχων·
Draw your swords, and hold up the tables as shields against the arrows of swift death; and let us all hold together against him in a body, if we may drive him from the threshold and the doors, and go throughout the city, and a cry be raised with all speed; so then would this man soon shoot his last." So saying, he drew his sharp sword of bronze, whetted on both sides, and leaped upon him with a terrible cry.
ὁ δʼ ἁμαρτῆ δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς §22.82ἰὸν ἀποπροίει, βάλε δὲ στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν, §22.83ἐν δέ οἱ ἥπατι πῆξε θοὸν βέλος·
But at the same instant noble Odysseus let fly an arrow, and hit him on the breast beside the nipple, and fixed the swift shaft in his liver.
ἐκ δʼ ἄρα χειρὸς §22.84φάσγανον ἧκε χαμᾶζε, περιρρηδὴς δὲ τραπέζῃ §22.85κάππεσεν ἰδνωθείς, ἀπὸ δʼ εἴδατα χεῦεν ἔραζε §22.86καὶ δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον·
And from his hand he let the sword fall to the ground, and spilling over the table he fell doubled up, and poured the food on the earth, and the two-handled cup as well.
ὁ δὲ χθόνα τύπτε μετώπῳ §22.87θυμῷ ἀνιάζων, ποσὶ δὲ θρόνον ἀμφοτέροισι §22.88λακτίζων ἐτίνασσε· κατʼ ὀφθαλμῶν δʼ ἔχυτʼ ἀχλύς.
And he struck the ground with his forehead in the agony of his heart, and with both feet he kicked and shook the chair; and mist was poured over his eyes.
§22.89Ἀμφίνομος δʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἐείσατο κυδαλίμοιο §22.90ἀντίος ἀΐξας, εἴρυτο δὲ φάσγανον ὀξύ, §22.91εἴ πώς οἱ εἴξειε θυράων.
Then Amphinomus rushed against glorious Odysseus, springing straight at him, and drew his sharp sword, if perchance he might make him give way from the doors.
ἀλλʼ ἄρα μιν φθῆ §22.92Τηλέμαχος κατόπισθε βαλὼν χαλκήρεϊ δουρὶ §22.93ὤμων μεσσηγύς, διὰ δὲ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσεν·
But before he could do so, Telemachus smote him from behind with his bronze-shod spear between the shoulders, and drove it through his breast.
§22.94δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, χθόνα δʼ ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ.
And he fell with a thud, and struck the ground with his whole forehead.
§22.95Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἀπόρουσε, λιπὼν δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος §22.96αὐτοῦ ἐν Ἀμφινόμῳ· περὶ γὰρ δίε μή τις Ἀχαιῶν §22.97ἔγχος ἀνελκόμενον δολιχόσκιον ἢ ἐλάσειε §22.98φασγάνῳ ἀΐξας ἠὲ προπρηνέα τύψας.
But Telemachus leaped away, leaving the long-shadowing spear there in Amphinomus; for he feared exceedingly lest some of the Achaeans, while he was drawing out the long-shadowing spear, should rush upon him and stab him with a sword or strike him as he stooped forward.
§22.99βῆ δὲ θέειν, μάλα δʼ ὦκα φίλον πατέρʼ εἰσαφίκανεν, §22.100ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §22.101ὦ πάτερ, ἤδη τοι σάκος οἴσω καὶ δύο δοῦρε §22.102καὶ κυνέην πάγχαλκον, ἐπὶ κροτάφοις ἀραρυῖαν §22.103αὐτός τʼ ἀμφιβαλεῦμαι ἰών, δώσω δὲ συβώτῃ §22.104καὶ τῷ βουκόλῳ ἄλλα· τετευχῆσθαι γὰρ ἄμεινον. §22.105τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· §22.106οἶσε θέων, ἧός μοι ἀμύνεσθαι πάρʼ ὀϊστοί, §22.107μή μʼ ἀποκινήσωσι θυράων μοῦνον ἐόντα. §22.108ὣς φάτο, Τηλέμαχος δὲ φίλῳ ἐπεπείθετο πατρί, §22.109βῆ δʼ ἴμεναι θάλαμόνδʼ, ὅθι οἱ κλυτὰ τεύχεα κεῖτο.
So he ran, and came very quickly to his dear father, and standing close by him spoke winged words: "Father, now indeed I will bring you a shield and two spears and a helmet all of bronze, fitted to your temples; and I will go and put on armor myself, and will give other armor to the swineherd and the herdman; for it is better to be armed." Then Odysseus of many wiles answered him and said: "Bring them, running, while yet I have arrows to defend me, lest they drive me from the doors, alone as I am." So he spoke, and Telemachus obeyed his dear father, and went to the chamber where his glorious armor lay.
§22.110ἔνθεν τέσσαρα μὲν σάκεʼ ἔξελε, δούρατα δʼ ὀκτὼ §22.111καὶ πίσυρας κυνέας χαλκήρεας ἱπποδασείας· §22.112βῆ δὲ φέρων, μάλα δʼ ὦκα φίλον πατέρʼ εἰσαφίκανεν,
Thence he took four shields and eight spears, and four helmets of bronze with thick plumes of horsehair; and he carried them, and came very quickly to his dear father.
§22.113αὐτὸς δὲ πρώτιστα περὶ χροῒ δύσετο χαλκόν· §22.114ὣς δʼ αὔτως τὼ δμῶε δυέσθην τεύχεα καλά, §22.115ἔσταν δʼ ἀμφʼ Ὀδυσῆα δαΐφρονα ποικιλομήτην.
And he himself first of all girded the bronze about his body; and in like manner the two servants put on their beautiful armor, and took their stand around wise and crafty Odysseus.
§22.116αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ, ὄφρα μὲν αὐτῷ ἀμύνεσθαι ἔσαν ἰοί. §22.117τόφρα μνηστήρων ἕνα γʼ αἰεὶ ᾧ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ §22.118βάλλε τιτυσκόμενος· τοὶ δʼ ἀγχιστῖνοι ἔπιπτον.
But he, as long as he had arrows to defend him, so long did he aim and smite the suitors one by one in his house; and they fell thick and fast.
§22.119αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ λίπον ἰοὶ ὀϊστεύοντα ἄνακτα, §22.120τόξον μὲν πρὸς σταθμὸν ἐϋσταθέος μεγάροιο §22.121ἔκλινʼ ἑστάμεναι, πρὸς ἐνώπια παμφανόωντα, §22.122αὐτὸς δʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισι σάκος θέτο τετραθέλυμνον, §22.123κρατὶ δʼ ἐπʼ ἰφθίμῳ κυνέην εὔτυκτον ἔθηκεν, §22.124ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν· §22.125εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμα δοῦρε δύω κεκορυθμένα χαλκῷ.
But when the arrows failed the king as he shot, he leaned the bow against a pillar of the well-built hall to stand against the bright wall-faces, and about his shoulders he slung the four-fold shield, and upon his mighty head he set the well-made helmet with horsehair plume, and terribly did the crest nod from above; and he took two strong spears, headed with bronze.
§22.126ὀρσοθύρη δέ τις ἔσκεν ἐϋδμήτῳ ἐνὶ τοίχῳ, §22.127ἀκρότατον δὲ παρʼ οὐδὸν ἐϋσταθέος μεγάροιο §22.128ἦν ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρην, σανίδες δʼ ἔχον εὖ ἀραρυῖαι.
Now there was a postern in the well-built wall, and near the topmost threshold of the well-built hall was a way into a passage, and well-fitted folding doors closed it.
§22.129τὴν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς φράζεσθαι ἀνώγει δῖον ὑφορβὸν §22.130ἑσταότʼ ἄγχʼ αὐτῆς· μία δʼ οἴη γίγνετʼ ἐφορμή.
This Odysseus bade the noble swineherd watch, standing near it; and there was but one way to approach it.
§22.131τοῖς δʼ Ἀγέλεως μετέειπεν, ἔπος πάντεσσι πιφαύσκων· §22.132ὦ φίλοι, οὐκ ἂν δή τις ἀνʼ ὀρσοθύρην ἀναβαίη §22.133καὶ εἴποι λαοῖσι, βοὴ δʼ ὤκιστα γένοιτο;
And Agelaus spoke among them, declaring his word to all: "Friends, could not some man go up by the postern, and tell the people, so that a cry might be raised with all speed?
§22.134τῷ κε τάχʼ οὗτος ἀνὴρ νῦν ὕστατα τοξάσσαιτο. §22.135τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν· §22.136οὔ πως ἔστʼ, Ἀγέλαε διοτρεφές· ἄγχι γὰρ αἰνῶς §22.137αὐλῆς καλὰ θύρετρα καὶ ἀργαλέον στόμα λαύρης· §22.138καί χʼ εἷς πάντας ἐρύκοι ἀνήρ, ὅς τʼ ἄλκιμος εἴη.
so then would this man soon shoot his last." To him again Melanthius, the goatherd, answered: "It may not be, Agelaus, nurtured of Zeus; for terribly near are the fair gates of the courtyard, and the mouth of the passage is difficult; even one strong man could hold it against all.
§22.139ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ, ὑμῖν τεύχεʼ ἐνείκω θωρηχθῆναι §22.140ἐκ θαλάμου· ἔνδον γάρ, ὀΐομαι, οὐδέ πη ἄλλῃ
But come, let me bring you armor to gird on from the chamber; for within, I think, and nowhere else,"

Notes

  1. 22.74ἀντίσχεσθε τραπέζας ἰῶν ὠκυμόρων — The accusative τραπέζας (tables) is the direct object of the middle imperative ἀντίσχεσθε (hold up against), while the genitive ἰῶν (arrows) denotes the object of defense. The phrase conveys the double nuance of holding up the tables as shields against the incoming arrows.
  2. 22.78τῷ κε τάχʼ οὗτος ἀνὴρ νῦν ὕστατα τοξάσσαιτο — The dative demonstrative pronoun τῷ functions as an adverbial 'thereby' or 'in this way,' expressing means or result. Combined with the modal particle κε and the optative τοξάσσαιτο (aorist middle optative 3rd singular), it expresses a potential or hypothetical result ('in that case, this man would soon shoot his last').
  3. 22.96περὶ γὰρ δίε — The preposition περί is closely linked with the verb δίε (feared, imperfect), here appearing either in tmesis (separated from the verb) or functioning adverbially as an intensive modifier meaning 'exceedingly' or 'terribly.'
  4. 22.126ὀρσοθύρη — The noun ὀρσοθύρη (postern or side door) refers to a relatively small door situated high up or in the back wall of the hall. This is a crucial context-dependent term for understanding the tactical movement in the narrative, as it controls access to a narrow passage that remains a blind spot in the defense of the hall.

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §22.70-22.140. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:22.70-22.140

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