Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §19.472-19.535

Odysseus Silences Eurycleia and Penelope Confides Her Grief

Passage 140 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Eurycleia recognizes Odysseus, but he sternly warns her to keep his identity a secret. Penelope then confides her inner turmoil and indecision regarding the suitors, asking him to interpret her dream.

§19.472δακρυόφι πλῆσθεν, θαλερὴ δέ οἱ ἔσχετο φωνή.
Her eyes were filled with tears, and her strong voice was choked.
§19.473ἁψαμένη δὲ γενείου Ὀδυσσῆα προσέειπεν· §19.474ἦ μάλʼ Ὀδυσσεύς ἐσσι, φίλον τέκος· οὐδέ σʼ ἐγώ γε §19.475πρὶν ἔγνων, πρὶν πάντα ἄνακτʼ ἐμὸν ἀμφαφάασθαι. §19.476ἦ καὶ Πηνελόπειαν ἐσέδρακεν ὀφθαλμοῖσι, §19.477πεφραδέειν ἐθέλουσα φίλον πόσιν ἔνδον ἐόντα.
And touching his chin, she spoke to Odysseus: "Truly indeed you are Odysseus, dear child; and I did not know you before, until I had touched my lord all over." She spoke, and looked with her eyes toward Penelope, wishing to point out that her dear husband was inside.
§19.478ἡ δʼ οὔτʼ ἀθρῆσαι δύνατʼ ἀντίη οὔτε νοῆσαι· §19.479τῇ γὰρ Ἀθηναίη νόον ἔτραπεν·
But she was able neither to look at her in return nor to notice, for Athena had turned her mind away.
αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς §19.480χεῖρʼ ἐπιμασσάμενος φάρυγος λάβε δεξιτερῆφι, §19.481τῇ δʼ ἑτέρῃ ἕθεν ἆσσον ἐρύσσατο φώνησέν τε. §19.482μαῖα, τίη μʼ ἐθέλεις ὀλέσαι;
But Odysseus, groping with his hand, seized her throat with his right hand, and with the other hand drew her closer to him, and spoke: "Mother, why do you wish to destroy me?
σὺ δέ μʼ ἔτρεφες αὐτὴ §19.483τῷ σῷ ἐπὶ μαζῷ· νῦν δʼ ἄλγεα πολλὰ μογήσας §19.484ἤλυθον εἰκοστῷ ἔτεϊ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.
You yourself did nurse me at your own breast; and now after suffering many griefs I have come in the twentieth year to my native land.
§19.485ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ ἐφράσθης καί τοι θεὸς ἔμβαλε θυμῷ, §19.486σίγα, μή τίς τʼ ἄλλος ἐνὶ μεγάροισι πύθηται.
But since you have noticed, and a god has put it in your heart, keep silent, lest anyone else in the halls should find out.
§19.487ὧδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, καὶ μὴν τετελεσμένον ἔσται· §19.488εἴ χʼ ὑπʼ ἐμοί γε θεὸς δαμάσῃ μνηστῆρας ἀγαυούς, §19.489οὐδὲ τροφοῦ οὔσης σεῦ ἀφέξομαι, ὁππότʼ ἂν ἄλλας §19.490δμῳὰς ἐν μεγάροισιν ἐμοῖς κτείνωμι γυναῖκας. §19.491τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Εὐρύκλεια· §19.492τέκνον ἐμόν, ποῖόν σε ἔπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων.
For thus I will speak out, and indeed it shall be brought to pass: if a god subdues the lordly suitors under me, I will not spare even you, though you are my nurse, when I kill the other maidservants in my halls." And to him in turn wise Eurycleia spoke: "My child, what a word has escaped the barrier of your teeth!
§19.493οἶσθα μὲν οἷον ἐμὸν μένος ἔμπεδον οὐδʼ ἐπιεικτόν, §19.494ἕξω δʼ ὡς ὅτε τις στερεὴ λίθος ἠὲ σίδηρος.
You know what my spirit is, firm and unyielding; I will hold myself like some hard stone or iron.
§19.495ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν· §19.496εἴ χʼ ὑπό σοι γε θεὸς δαμάσῃ μνηστῆρας ἀγαυούς, §19.497δὴ τότε τοι καταλέξω ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γυναῖκας, §19.498αἵ τέ σʼ ἀτιμάζουσι καὶ αἳ νηλείτιδές εἰσι. §19.499τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς
And another thing I will tell you, and do you lay it to your heart: if a god subdues the lordly suitors under you, then indeed I will list for you the women in the halls, both those who dishonor you and those who are guiltless." And answering her, resourceful Odysseus spoke: "Mother, why should you tell of them?
§19.500μαῖα, τίη δὲ σὺ τὰς μυθήσεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή.
There is no need for you.
§19.501εὖ νυ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ φράσομαι καὶ εἴσομʼ ἑκάστην· §19.502ἀλλʼ ἔχε σιγῇ μῦθον, ἐπίτρεψον δὲ θεοῖσιν. §19.503ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, γρηῢς δὲ διὲκ μεγάροιο βεβήκει §19.504οἰσομένη ποδάνιπτρα· τὰ γὰρ πρότερʼ ἔκχυτο πάντα.
I myself will well observe and know each one; but keep your word in silence, and leave the rest to the gods." So he spoke, and the old woman went through the hall to fetch water for washing feet; for all the former water was spilled.
§19.505αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ νίψεν τε καὶ ἤλειψεν λίπʼ ἐλαίῳ, §19.506αὖτις ἄρʼ ἀσσοτέρω πυρὸς ἕλκετο δίφρον Ὀδυσσεὺς §19.507θερσόμενος, οὐλὴν δὲ κατὰ ῥακέεσσι κάλυψε.
But when she had washed him and anointed him richly with olive oil, Odysseus again drew his stool closer to the fire to warm himself, and he covered the scar with his rags.
§19.508τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια· §19.509ξεῖνε, τὸ μέν σʼ ἔτι τυτθὸν ἐγὼν εἰρήσομαι αὐτή· §19.510καὶ γὰρ δὴ κοίτοιο τάχʼ ἔσσεται ἡδέος ὥρη, §19.511ὅν τινά γʼ ὕπνος ἕλοι γλυκερός, καὶ κηδόμενόν περ.
And among them wise Penelope began to speak: "Stranger, there is yet a little thing I will ask you myself; for indeed it will soon be the hour for sweet sleep, for anyone whom sweet sleep might take, even though he is sorrowing.
§19.512αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ καὶ πένθος ἀμέτρητον πόρε δαίμων· §19.513ἤματα μὲν γὰρ τέρπομʼ ὀδυρομένη, γοόωσα, §19.514ἔς τʼ ἐμὰ ἔργʼ ὁρόωσα καὶ ἀμφιπόλων ἐνὶ οἴκῳ· §19.515αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν νὺξ ἔλθῃ, ἕλῃσί τε κοῖτος ἅπαντας, §19.516κεῖμαι ἐνὶ λέκτρῳ, πυκιναὶ δέ μοι ἀμφʼ ἀδινὸν κῆρ §19.517ὀξεῖαι μελεδῶνες ὀδυρομένην ἐρέθουσιν.
But to me a god has given measureless grief as well; for by day I find my pleasure in mourning and wailing, as I look to my own tasks and those of my handmaids in the house; but when night comes, and sleep takes hold of all, I lie on my bed, and thick and sharp cares around my throbbing heart harass me as I mourn.
§19.518ὡς δʼ ὅτε Πανδαρέου κούρη, χλωρηῒς ἀηδών, §19.519καλὸν ἀείδῃσιν ἔαρος νέον ἱσταμένοιο, §19.520δενδρέων ἐν πετάλοισι καθεζομένη πυκινοῖσιν, §19.521ἥ τε θαμὰ τρωπῶσα χέει πολυηχέα φωνήν, §19.522παῖδʼ ὀλοφυρομένη Ἴτυλον φίλον, ὅν ποτε χαλκῷ §19.523κτεῖνε διʼ ἀφραδίας, κοῦρον Ζήθοιο ἄνακτος, §19.524ὣς καὶ ἐμοὶ δίχα θυμὸς ὀρώρεται ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα, §19.525ἠὲ μένω παρὰ παιδὶ καὶ ἔμπεδα πάντα φυλάσσω, §19.526κτῆσιν ἐμήν, δμῶάς τε καὶ ὑψερεφὲς μέγα δῶμα, §19.527εὐνήν τʼ αἰδομένη πόσιος δήμοιό τε φῆμιν, §19.528ἦ ἤδη ἅμʼ ἕπωμαι Ἀχαιῶν ὅς τις ἄριστος §19.529μνᾶται ἐνὶ μεγάροισι, πορὼν ἀπερείσια ἕδνα.
And as when the daughter of Pandareus, the greenwood nightingale, sings beautifully when spring is newly beginning, perched among the thick leaves of the trees, and frequently changing her note, pours forth her many-toned voice, lamenting her dear child Itylus, whom once with the bronze she killed through folly, the son of king Zethus; so my heart also is stirred dualwise this way and that: whether I should remain by my child and guard everything steadfastly— my property, my maidservants, and my great high-roofed house, respecting the bed of my husband and the talk of the people; or whether I should now go with whichever of the Achaians is best, who woos me in the halls, offering countless bridal gifts.
§19.530παῖς δʼ ἐμὸς ἧος ἔην ἔτι νήπιος ἠδὲ χαλίφρων, §19.531γήμασθʼ οὔ μʼ εἴα πόσιος κατὰ δῶμα λιποῦσαν· §19.532νῦν δʼ ὅτε δὴ μέγας ἐστὶ καὶ ἥβης μέτρον ἱκάνει, §19.533καὶ δή μʼ ἀρᾶται πάλιν ἐλθέμεν ἐκ μεγάροιο, §19.534κτήσιος ἀσχαλόων, τήν οἱ κατέδουσιν Ἀχαιοί.
And my son, as long as he was still a child and light-minded, did not allow me to marry, leaving the house of my husband; but now when he is indeed grown and has reached the measure of youth, he actually prays me to go back out of the halls, being vexed for his property, which the Achaians devour.
§19.535ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τὸν ὄνειρον ὑπόκριναι καὶ ἄκουσον.
But come, interpret for me the dream, and listen."

Notes

  1. 19.475πρὶν ἔγνων, πρὶν πάντα ἄνακτʼ ἐμὸν ἀμφαφάασθαι — Consecutive use of the particle πρὶν. The first πρὶν with the indicative aorist ἔγνων expresses the limit of time ('until I knew you', depending on the implied negative in the previous clause). The second πρὶν governs the infinitive ἀμφαφάασθαι and details the preceding condition ('before I had handled my master all over').
  2. 19.489τροφοῦ οὔσης σεῦ ἀφέξομαι — The pronoun σεῦ is a genitive of separation governed by the middle verb ἀφέξομαι ('I will not hold back from you'). The phrase τροφοῦ οὔσης acts as a participle in agreement with σεῦ (or a genitive absolute), conveying a concessive force: 'even though you are my nurse.'
  3. 19.511ὅν τινά γʼ ὕπνος ἕλοι — The optative ἕλοι without ἄν in a relative clause introduced by ὅν τινα. It expresses a general possibility or condition ('anyone whom sweet sleep might take'), describing a hypothetical person in a general class, common in Homeric Greek for characteristic or generalizing clauses.
  4. 19.525ἠὲ μένω ... ἦ ... ἕπωμαι — A pair of deliberative subjunctives expressing Penelope's inner debate. Although μένω can morphologically be read as a present indicative, it is logically parallel to the subjunctive ἕπωμαι, both functioning as deliberative subjunctives ('whether I should remain... or now follow...').

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §19.472-19.535. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:19.472-19.535

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