Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §13.224-13.295

Meeting with Disguised Athena and Odysseus' False Tale

Passage 92 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Athena appears before Odysseus in the guise of a young shepherd and reveals to him that he is indeed in his homeland of Ithaca. Rejoicing but cautious, Odysseus conceals his identity and fabricates a clever story about being a fugitive from Crete, prompting Athena to smile and praise his cunning.

§13.224δίπτυχον ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἔχουσʼ εὐεργέα λώπην· §13.225ποσσὶ δʼ ὑπὸ λιπαροῖσι πέδιλʼ ἔχε, χερσὶ δʼ ἄκοντα.
wearing a well-wrought mantle folded double about her shoulders; and beneath her shining feet she had sandals, and in her hands a spear.
§13.226τὴν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς γήθησεν ἰδὼν καὶ ἐναντίος ἦλθε, §13.227καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §13.228ὦ φίλʼ, ἐπεί σε πρῶτα κιχάνω τῷδʼ ἐνὶ χώρῳ, §13.229χαῖρέ τε καὶ μή μοί τι κακῷ νόῳ ἀντιβολήσαις, §13.230ἀλλὰ σάω μὲν ταῦτα, σάω δʼ ἐμέ· σοὶ γὰρ ἐγώ γε §13.231εὔχομαι ὥς τε θεῷ καί σευ φίλα γούναθʼ ἱκάνω.
And Odysseus rejoiced when he saw her, and came to meet her, and spoke and addressed her with winged words: “Friend, since you are the first I meet in this place, I greet you, and pray that you may meet me with no evil intent, but save these treasures, and save me; for to you I pray as to a god, and come to your dear knees.
§13.232καί μοι τοῦτʼ ἀγόρευσον ἐτήτυμον, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῶ· §13.233τίς γῆ, τίς δῆμος, τίνες ἀνέρες ἐγγεγάασιν;
And tell me this truly, so that I may know well: what land is this, what people, what men dwell here?
§13.234ἦ πού τις νήσων εὐδείελος, ἦέ τις ἀκτὴ §13.235κεῖθʼ ἁλὶ κεκλιμένη ἐριβώλακος ἠπείροιο; §13.236τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη· §13.237νήπιός εἰς, ὦ ξεῖνʼ, ἢ τηλόθεν εἰλήλουθας,
Is it some clear-seen island, or is it some shore sloping down to the sea from the fertile mainland?” Then the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena, spoke to him in turn: “You are foolish, stranger, or you have come from afar, if indeed you ask about this land.
§13.238εἰ δὴ τήνδε τε γαῖαν ἀνείρεαι. οὐδέ τι λίην §13.239οὕτω νώνυμός ἐστιν· ἴσασι δέ μιν μάλα πολλοί, §13.240ἠμὲν ὅσοι ναίουσι πρὸς ἠῶ τʼ ἠέλιόν τε, §13.241ἠδʼ ὅσσοι μετόπισθε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα.
For it is not so utterly nameless; rather, very many know it, both all those who dwell toward the dawn and the sun, and all those who dwell behind toward the misty gloom.
§13.242ἦ τοι μὲν τρηχεῖα καὶ οὐχ ἱππήλατός ἐστιν, §13.243οὐδὲ λίην λυπρή, ἀτὰρ οὐδʼ εὐρεῖα τέτυκται.
To be sure, it is rugged and not fit for driving horses, yet it is not utterly poor, though it is not wide.
§13.244ἐν μὲν γάρ οἱ σῖτος ἀθέσφατος, ἐν δέ τε οἶνος §13.245γίγνεται· αἰεὶ δʼ ὄμβρος ἔχει τεθαλυῖά τʼ ἐέρση· §13.246αἰγίβοτος δʼ ἀγαθὴ καὶ βούβοτος· ἔστι μὲν ὕλη §13.247παντοίη, ἐν δʼ ἀρδμοὶ ἐπηετανοὶ παρέασι.
For in it grain grows beyond measure, and wine too is produced; and always the rain falls on it, and rich dew; and it is good for feeding goats and cattle; there is timber of all kinds, and watering-places never failing are there.
§13.248τῷ τοι, ξεῖνʼ, Ἰθάκης γε καὶ ἐς Τροίην ὄνομʼ ἵκει, §13.249τήν περ τηλοῦ φασὶν Ἀχαιΐδος ἔμμεναι αἴης. §13.250ὣς φάτο, γήθησεν δὲ πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, §13.251χαίρων ᾗ γαίῃ πατρωΐῃ, ὥς οἱ ἔειπε §13.252Παλλὰς Ἀθηναίη, κούρη Διὸς, αἰγιόχοιο·
Therefore, stranger, the name of Ithaca has reached even to Troy, which they say is far from the Achaean land.” So she spoke, and the much-enduring noble Odysseus was glad, rejoicing in his native land, as Pallas Athena, daughter of Zeus who bears the aegis, had told him.
§13.253καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §13.254οὐδʼ ὅ γʼ ἀληθέα εἶπε, πάλιν δʼ ὅ γε λάζετο μῦθον, §13.255αἰεὶ ἐνὶ στήθεσσι νόον πολυκερδέα νωμῶν· §13.256πυνθανόμην Ἰθάκης γε καὶ ἐν Κρήτῃ εὐρείῃ, §13.257τηλοῦ ὑπὲρ πόντου· νῦν δʼ εἰλήλουθα καὶ αὐτὸς §13.258χρήμασι σὺν τοίσδεσσι· λιπὼν δʼ ἔτι παισὶ τοσαῦτα §13.259φεύγω, ἐπεὶ φίλον υἷα κατέκτανον Ἰδομενῆος, §13.260Ὀρσίλοχον πόδας ὠκύν, ὃς ἐν Κρήτῃ εὐρείῃ §13.261ἀνέρας ἀλφηστὰς νίκα ταχέεσσι πόδεσσιν, §13.262οὕνεκά με στερέσαι τῆς ληΐδος ἤθελε πάσης §13.263Τρωϊάδος, τῆς εἵνεκʼ ἐγὼ πάθον ἄλγεα θυμῷ, §13.264ἀνδρῶν τε πτολέμους ἀλεγεινά τε κύματα πείρων, §13.265οὕνεκʼ ἄρʼ οὐχ ᾧ πατρὶ χαριζόμενος θεράπευον §13.266δήμῳ ἔνι Τρώων, ἀλλʼ ἄλλων ἦρχον ἑταίρων.
And he spoke and addressed her with winged words; yet he did not speak the truth, but held back his story, always keeping a very cunning mind within his breast: “I heard of Ithaca even in wide Crete, far across the sea; and now I myself have come with these treasures; and leaving just as much for my children, I am in flight, since I killed the dear son of Idomeneus, Orsilochus, swift of foot, who in wide Crete surpassed industrious men with his swift feet, because he wished to rob me of all my Trojan booty, for which I suffered woes in my heart, cleaving through wars of men and painful waves, since indeed I did not serve his father, pleasing him in the land of the Trojans, but led other companions of my own.
§13.267τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ κατιόντα βάλον χαλκήρεϊ δουρὶ §13.268ἀγρόθεν, ἐγγὺς ὁδοῖο λοχησάμενος σὺν ἑταίρῳ· §13.269νὺξ δὲ μάλα δνοφερὴ κάτεχʼ οὐρανόν, οὐδέ τις ἡμέας §13.270ἀνθρώπων ἐνόησε, λάθον δέ ἑ θυμὸν ἀπούρας.
Him I struck with a bronze-tipped spear as he was coming down from the country, lying in wait near the road with a companion; and a very dark night covered the heaven, nor did any of men notice us, and I took his life without being seen.
§13.271αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ τόν γε κατέκτανον ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ, §13.272αὐτίκʼ ἐγὼν ἐπὶ νῆα κιὼν Φοίνικας ἀγαυοὺς §13.273ἐλλισάμην, καί σφιν μενοεικέα ληΐδα δῶκα· §13.274τούς μʼ ἐκέλευσα Πύλονδε καταστῆσαι καὶ ἐφέσσαι §13.275ἢ εἰς Ἤλιδα δῖαν, ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί.
But when I had killed him with the sharp bronze, straightway I went to a ship and implored the noble Phoenicians, and gave them a satisfying portion of the booty; them I bid to set me down and land me at Pylos, or at noble Elis, where the Epeians rule.
§13.276ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι σφέας κεῖθεν ἀπώσατο ἲς ἀνέμοιο §13.277πόλλʼ ἀεκαζομένους, οὐδʼ ἤθελον ἐξαπατῆσαι.
But indeed the force of the wind drove them away from there, sorely against their will, nor did they wish to deceive me.
§13.278κεῖθεν δὲ πλαγχθέντες ἱκάνομεν ἐνθάδε νυκτός.
So, driven off from there, we arrived here by night.
§13.279σπουδῇ δʼ ἐς λιμένα προερέσσαμεν, οὐδέ τις ἡμῖν §13.280δόρπου μνῆστις ἔην, μάλα περ χατέουσιν ἑλέσθαι, §13.281ἀλλʼ αὔτως ἀποβάντες ἐκείμεθα νηὸς ἅπαντες.
With effort we rowed into the harbor, nor did we have any thought of supper, though we were very much in need of taking it, but just as we landed, we all lay down from the ship.
§13.282ἔνθʼ ἐμὲ μὲν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἐπήλυθε κεκμηῶτα, §13.283οἱ δὲ χρήματʼ ἐμὰ γλαφυρῆς ἐκ νηὸς ἑλόντες §13.284κάτθεσαν, ἔνθα περ αὐτὸς ἐπὶ ψαμάθοισιν ἐκείμην.
There sweet sleep came upon me in my weariness, and they, taking my treasures out of the hollow ship, set them down where I myself was lying on the sand.
§13.285οἱ δʼ ἐς Σιδονίην εὖ ναιομένην ἀναβάντες §13.286ᾤχοντʼ· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ λιπόμην ἀκαχήμενος ἦτορ. §13.287ὣς φάτο, μείδησεν δὲ θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη, §13.288χειρί τέ μιν κατέρεξε· δέμας δʼ ἤϊκτο γυναικὶ §13.289καλῇ τε μεγάλῃ τε καὶ ἀγλαὰ ἔργα ἰδυίῃ·
And they, embarking, went away to well-peopled Sidonia; but I was left behind, grieved in my heart.” So he spoke, and the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena, smiled, and caressed him with her hand; and her form was changed to that of a woman, both beautiful and tall, and skilled in glorious handiworks.
§13.290καί μιν φωνήσασʼ ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §13.291κερδαλέος κʼ εἴη καὶ ἐπίκλοπος ὅς σε παρέλθοι §13.292ἐν πάντεσσι δόλοισι, καὶ εἰ θεὸς ἀντιάσειε.
And she spoke and addressed him with winged words: “Cunning indeed and deceitful would he be who should surpass you in all kinds of wiles, even if a god should meet you.
§13.293σχέτλιε, ποικιλομῆτα, δόλων ἆτʼ, οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλες, §13.294οὐδʼ ἐν σῇ περ ἐὼν γαίῃ, λήξειν ἀπατάων §13.295μύθων τε κλοπίων, οἵ τοι πεδόθεν φίλοι εἰσίν.
O hard man, of diverse wiles, insatiate of deceit, you were not then, even in your own land, to cease from deceits and knavish words, which are dear to you from the root.”

Notes

  1. §13.224ἔχουσʼ — Although describing Athena in the guise of a young man (l. 222), the feminine singular nominative participle ἔχουσα (elided to ἔχουσʼ) agrees grammatically with the subject Ἀθήνη (l. 221).
  2. §13.235κεῖθʼ ἁλὶ κεκλιμένη ἐριβώλακος ἠπείροιο — κεῖθʼ is an elided form of κεῖται (3rd sg. pres. indic. mid.). The genitive phrase ἐριβώλακος ἠπείροιο functions as a genitive of separation, describing the land as sloping down to the sea away from the fertile mainland.
  3. §13.254πάλιν δʼ ὅ γε λάζετο μῦθον — The combination of πάλιν (back, conversely) and λάζετο (took, seized) forms an idiomatic expression meaning 'he took his words back' or 'turned his story the other way,' i.e., he fabricated a false story instead of telling the truth.
  4. §13.295πεδόθεν — An adverb formed from the noun πέδον (ground, soil) with the suffix -θεν indicating origin or source, meaning 'from the ground up,' and metaphorically 'from the very root' or 'by nature.'

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §13.224-13.295. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:13.224-13.295

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