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Homer · Iliad §5.277-5.343

Death of Pandarus and Wounding of Aphrodite

Passage 41 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Pandarus boasts of wounding Diomedes but is immediately killed by Diomedes' deadly return cast. As Aeneas stands guard over his body, Diomedes crushes Aeneas' hip with a massive boulder, prompting Aphrodite to rescue her son; Sthenelus then drives Aeneas' prize horses away while Diomedes pursues and wounds Aphrodite in the hand.

§5.277καρτερόθυμε δαΐφρον ἀγαυοῦ Τυδέος υἱὲ §5.278ἦ μάλα σʼ οὐ βέλος ὠκὺ δαμάσσατο πικρὸς ὀϊστός· §5.279νῦν αὖτʼ ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι αἴ κε τύχωμι. §5.280ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος §5.281καὶ βάλε Τυδεΐδαο κατʼ ἀσπίδα· τῆς δὲ διὰ πρὸ §5.282αἰχμὴ χαλκείη πταμένη θώρηκι πελάσθη·
"Stout-hearted, wise-minded son of noble Tydeus, truly that swift missile, the bitter arrow, did not vanquish you; now once more I will make trial with my spear, to see if I may hit you." He spoke, and poising his far-shadowing spear, he hurled it, and struck the shield of Tydeus' son; and straight through it the bronze point flew and reached his breastplate.
§5.283τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἄϋσε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός· §5.284βέβληαι κενεῶνα διαμπερές, οὐδέ σʼ ὀΐω §5.285δηρὸν ἔτʼ ἀνσχήσεσθαι· ἐμοὶ δὲ μέγʼ εὖχος ἔδωκας. §5.286τὸν δʼ οὐ ταρβήσας προσέφη κρατερὸς Διομήδης· §5.287ἤμβροτες οὐδʼ ἔτυχες· ἀτὰρ οὐ μὲν σφῶΐ γʼ ὀΐω §5.288πρίν γʼ ἀποπαύσεσθαι πρίν γʼ ἢ ἕτερόν γε πεσόντα §5.289αἵματος ἆσαι Ἄρηα, ταλαύρινον πολεμιστήν. §5.290ὣς φάμενος προέηκε· βέλος δʼ ἴθυνεν Ἀθήνη §5.291ῥῖνα παρʼ ὀφθαλμόν, λευκοὺς δʼ ἐπέρησεν ὀδόντας.
And over him the glorious son of Lycaon shouted aloud: "You are hit clean through the flank, and I deem you will not long endure it; and to me you have given great glory." Then, with no fear, mighty Diomedes spoke to him: "You have missed, and not hit; but you two, I deem, will not cease before one or the other of you has fallen and glutted with his blood Ares, the warrior with shield of bull's hide." So saying he hurled his spear; and Athena guided the missile to the nose beside the eye, and it passed through his white teeth.
§5.292τοῦ δʼ ἀπὸ μὲν γλῶσσαν πρυμνὴν τάμε χαλκὸς ἀτειρής, §5.293αἰχμὴ δʼ ἐξελύθη παρὰ νείατον ἀνθερεῶνα·
And the relentless bronze cut off his tongue at the root, and the spear-point came out by the base of his chin.
§5.294ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ §5.295αἰόλα παμφανόωντα, παρέτρεσσαν δέ οἱ ἵπποι §5.296ὠκύποδες· τοῦ δʼ αὖθι λύθη ψυχή τε μένος τε.
Then he fell from the chariot, and over him clattered his armor, dædal and gleaming, and the swift-footed horses swerved aside; and there his life and his strength were dissolved.
§5.297Αἰνείας δʼ ἀπόρουσε σὺν ἀσπίδι δουρί τε μακρῷ §5.298δείσας μή πώς οἱ ἐρυσαίατο νεκρὸν Ἀχαιοί.
But Aeneas leaped down with shield and long spear, fearing lest the Achaeans should drag away the dead body from him.
§5.299ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ αὐτῷ βαῖνε λέων ὣς ἀλκὶ πεποιθώς, §5.300πρόσθε δέ οἱ δόρυ τʼ ἔσχε καὶ ἀσπίδα πάντοσʼ ἐΐσην, §5.301τὸν κτάμεναι μεμαὼς ὅς τις τοῦ γʼ ἀντίος ἔλθοι §5.302σμερδαλέα ἰάχων·
Over him he strode like a lion trusting in his strength, and before him he held his spear and his shield equal on all sides, eager to slay anyone who should come to face him, shouting terribly.
ὃ δὲ χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ §5.303Τυδεΐδης μέγα ἔργον ὃ οὐ δύο γʼ ἄνδρε φέροιεν, §5.304οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσʼ· ὃ δέ μιν ῥέα πάλλε καὶ οἶος.
But the son of Tydeus grasped in his hand a stone, a mighty deed, which not two men could carry, such as mortals now are; yet he shook it easily, even alone.
§5.305τῷ βάλεν Αἰνείαο κατʼ ἰσχίον ἔνθά τε μηρὸς §5.306ἰσχίῳ ἐνστρέφεται, κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσι· §5.307θλάσσε δέ οἱ κοτύλην, πρὸς δʼ ἄμφω ῥῆξε τένοντε· §5.308ὦσε δʼ ἀπὸ ῥινὸν τρηχὺς λίθος· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἥρως §5.309ἔστη γνὺξ ἐριπὼν καὶ ἐρείσατο χειρὶ παχείῃ §5.310γαίης· ἀμφὶ δὲ ὄσσε κελαινὴ νὺξ ἐκάλυψε.
With it he struck Aeneas on the hip, where the thigh turns in the hip, and which men call the cup; and he crushed his cup, and broke moreover both the tendons; and the rough stone tore away the skin; but the hero sank on his knees, and supported himself with his stout hand on the ground; and dark night enfolded his eyes.
§5.311καί νύ κεν ἔνθʼ ἀπόλοιτο ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Αἰνείας, §5.312εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ ὀξὺ νόησε Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη §5.313μήτηρ, ἥ μιν ὑπʼ Ἀγχίσῃ τέκε βουκολέοντι· §5.314ἀμφὶ δʼ ἑὸν φίλον υἱὸν ἐχεύατο πήχεε λευκώ, §5.315πρόσθε δέ οἱ πέπλοιο φαεινοῦ πτύγμα κάλυψεν §5.316ἕρκος ἔμεν βελέων, μή τις Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων §5.317χαλκὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι βαλὼν ἐκ θυμὸν ἕλοιτο.
And now in that place would Aeneas, king of men, have perished, had not Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, been quick to mark, his mother, who had borne him to Anchises as he herded his kine; and about her dear son she wound her white arms, and before him she spread a fold of her shining robe to be a shelter from missiles, lest any of the Danaans with swift horses should hurl the bronze into his breast and take away his life.
§5.318ἣ μὲν ἑὸν φίλον υἱὸν ὑπεξέφερεν πολέμοιο· §5.319οὐδʼ υἱὸς Καπανῆος ἐλήθετο συνθεσιάων §5.320τάων ἃς ἐπέτελλε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης, §5.321ἀλλʼ ὅ γε τοὺς μὲν ἑοὺς ἠρύκακε μώνυχας ἵππους §5.322νόσφιν ἀπὸ φλοίσβου ἐξ ἄντυγος ἡνία τείνας, §5.323Αἰνείαο δʼ ἐπαΐξας καλλίτριχας ἵππους §5.324ἐξέλασε Τρώων μετʼ ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιούς.
She then was bearing her dear son away out of the battle; and the son of Capaneus did not forget the commands which Diomedes, good at the war-cry, had laid upon him, but he held back his own whole-hoofed horses apart from the tumult, fastening the reins to the chariot-rim, and rushing upon the fair-maned horses of Aeneas he drove them from the Trojans to the well-greaved Achaeans.
§5.325δῶκε δὲ Δηϊπύλῳ ἑτάρῳ φίλῳ, ὃν περὶ πάσης §5.326τῖεν ὁμηλικίης ὅτι οἱ φρεσὶν ἄρτια ᾔδη, §5.327νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσιν ἐλαυνέμεν· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἥρως §5.328ὧν ἵππων ἐπιβὰς ἔλαβʼ ἡνία σιγαλόεντα, §5.329αἶψα δὲ Τυδεΐδην μέθεπε κρατερώνυχας ἵππους §5.330ἐμμεμαώς·
And he gave them to Deipylus, his dear comrade, whom he honored above all his peers because he was like-minded with himself, to drive them to the hollow ships; but the hero himself mounted his own chariot and took the shining reins, and straightway drove the strong-hoofed horses after the son of Tydeus, eagerly.
ὃ δὲ Κύπριν ἐπῴχετο νηλέϊ χαλκῷ §5.331γιγνώσκων ὅ τʼ ἄναλκις ἔην θεός, οὐδὲ θεάων §5.332τάων αἵ τʼ ἀνδρῶν πόλεμον κάτα κοιρανέουσιν, §5.333οὔτʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθηναίη οὔτε πτολίπορθος Ἐνυώ.
But Diomedes went in pursuit of Cypris with his pitiless bronze, knowing that she was a weak goddess, and not one of those goddesses who hold sway in the battle of men, neither Athena nor Enyo, sacker of cities.
§5.334ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἐκίχανε πολὺν καθʼ ὅμιλον ὀπάζων, §5.335ἔνθʼ ἐπορεξάμενος μεγαθύμου Τυδέος υἱὸς §5.336ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα μετάλμενος ὀξέϊ δουρὶ §5.337ἀβληχρήν· εἶθαρ δὲ δόρυ χροὸς ἀντετόρησεν §5.338ἀμβροσίου διὰ πέπλου, ὅν οἱ Χάριτες κάμον αὐταί, §5.339πρυμνὸν ὕπερ θέναρος·
But when he had overtaken her, pursuing her through the great throng, then the son of great-hearted Tydeus thrust forward and leaped upon her, and wounded the surface of her delicate hand with his sharp spear— even her tender skin; and straightway the spear pierced through the skin, through the ambrosial robe which the Graces themselves had wrought for her, just above the palm.
ῥέε δʼ ἄμβροτον αἷμα θεοῖο §5.340ἰχώρ, οἷός πέρ τε ῥέει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν· §5.341οὐ γὰρ σῖτον ἔδουσʼ, οὐ πίνουσʼ αἴθοπα οἶνον, §5.342τοὔνεκʼ ἀναίμονές εἰσι καὶ ἀθάνατοι καλέονται.
And the ambrosial blood of the goddess started to flow, ichor, such as flows in the veins of the blessed gods; for they eat no bread, nor drink flaming wine, therefore they are bloodless, and are called immortal.
§5.343ἣ δὲ μέγα ἰάχουσα ἀπὸ ἕο κάββαλεν υἱόν·
She then shrieked aloud, and let her son fall from her;

Notes

  1. §5.288πρίν γʼ ἀποπαύσεσθαι πρίν γʼ ἢ ἕτερόν γε πεσόντα αἵματος ἆσαι Ἄρηα — A double πρίν construction. The first πρίν governs the future infinitive ἀποπαύσεσθαι with the dual subject σφῶϊ ("you two will not cease"), while the second πρίν γʼ ἢ introduces an accusative-and-infinitive construction where ἕτερόν γε πεσόντα ("one or the other having fallen") serves as the subject of the aorist infinitive ἆσαι ("to glut") and Ἄρηα ("Ares") as the direct object, with αἵματος ("with blood") as a genitive of material.
  2. §5.303ὃ οὐ δύο γʼ ἄνδρε φέροιεν — The relative pronoun ὃ refers to the neuter antecedent χερμάδιον ("stone"). ἄνδρε is the nominative dual form of ἀνήρ. The optative φέροιεν without the modal particle ἄν (or κεν) is a Homeric usage expressing potentiality ("which not even two men could carry") in a relative clause.
  3. §5.311καί νύ κεν ἔνθʼ ἀπόλοιτο ... εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ ὀξὺ νόησε — A past contrary-to-fact conditional sentence. While the protasis uses the regular construction "εἰ μή + past indicative" (εἰ μὴ ... νόησε, "had she not quickly noticed"), the apodosis employs the archaic Homeric construction "optative + κεν" (κεν ... ἀπόλοιτο, "would have perished") instead of the classical "past indicative + ἄν/κεν".
  4. §5.326ὅτι οἱ φρεσὶν ἄρτια ᾔδη — A causal clause introduced by ὅτι ("because"). ᾔδη is the 3rd person singular pluperfect of οἶδα ("to know"). The dative personal pronoun οἱ ("to/for him") refers back to the relative pronoun ὃν (Deipylus), forming the meaning "because he knew that there were things fitting (ἄρτια) to him (Deipylus) in his mind" (i.e., they were like-minded).

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §5.277-5.343. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.277-5.343

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