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Homer · Iliad §4.206-4.271

Machaon Heals Menelaus and Agamemnon Marshals the Host

Passage 32 of 226 · Greek

Summary

While Machaon treats the wounded Menelaus, the Trojan host advances, prompting Agamemnon to marshal the Achaean ranks on foot, encouraging the ready, rebuking the slack, and highly praising the Cretan leader Idomeneus.

§4.206ὅν τις ὀϊστεύσας ἔβαλεν τόξων ἐῢ εἰδὼς §4.207Τρώων ἢ Λυκίων, τῷ μὲν κλέος, ἄμμι δὲ πένθος. §4.208ὣς φάτο, τῷ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ὄρινε· §4.209βὰν δʼ ἰέναι καθʼ ὅμιλον ἀνὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν.
"whom some archer, well skilled in bowmanship, has struck with an arrow, whether of the Trojans or the Lycians, winning glory for himself but leaving grief for us." So he spoke, and aroused the spirit in Machaon's breast; and they went their way through the crowd, through the wide host of the Achaeans.
§4.210ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἵκανον ὅθι ξανθὸς Μενέλαος §4.211βλήμενος ἦν, περὶ δʼ αὐτὸν ἀγηγέραθʼ ὅσσοι ἄριστοι §4.212κυκλόσʼ, ὃ δʼ ἐν μέσσοισι παρίστατο ἰσόθεος φώς,
But when they came where fair-haired Menelaus was wounded, and around him all the chiefs were gathered in a circle, he, a godlike man, stood in their midst.
§4.213αὐτίκα δʼ ἐκ ζωστῆρος ἀρηρότος ἕλκεν ὀϊστόν· §4.214τοῦ δʼ ἐξελκομένοιο πάλιν ἄγεν ὀξέες ὄγκοι.
And straightway he drew the arrow from the fitted belt; and as it was being drawn out, the sharp barbs were broken back.
§4.215λῦσε δέ οἱ ζωστῆρα παναίολον ἠδʼ ὑπένερθε §4.216ζῶμά τε καὶ μίτρην, τὴν χαλκῆες κάμον ἄνδρες.
And he loosed his flashing belt, and beneath it the kilt and the mitre which bronze-smiths fashioned.
§4.217αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ ἴδεν ἕλκος ὅθʼ ἔμπεσε πικρὸς ὀϊστός, §4.218αἷμʼ ἐκμυζήσας ἐπʼ ἄρʼ ἤπια φάρμακα εἰδὼς §4.219πάσσε, τά οἵ ποτε πατρὶ φίλα φρονέων πόρε Χείρων.
But when he saw the wound where the bitter arrow had fallen, he sucked out the blood, and with cunning skill sprinkled on it soothing herbs, which Chiron once had given to his father with friendly intent.
§4.220ὄφρα τοὶ ἀμφεπένοντο βοὴν ἀγαθὸν Μενέλαον, §4.221τόφρα δʼ ἐπὶ Τρώων στίχες ἤλυθον ἀσπιστάων· §4.222οἳ δʼ αὖτις κατὰ τεύχεʼ ἔδυν, μνήσαντο δὲ χάρμης.
While they were busy about Menelaus, good at the war-cry, meanwhile the ranks of the shield-bearing Trojans came on; and they again put on their armor, and remembered battle.
§4.223ἔνθʼ οὐκ ἂν βρίζοντα ἴδοις Ἀγαμέμνονα δῖον §4.224οὐδὲ καταπτώσσοντʼ οὐδʼ οὐκ ἐθέλοντα μάχεσθαι, §4.225ἀλλὰ μάλα σπεύδοντα μάχην ἐς κυδιάνειραν.
Then you would not have seen noble Agamemnon slumbering, nor cowering, nor unwilling to fight, but rushing eagerly into the battle that brings glory to men.
§4.226ἵππους μὲν γὰρ ἔασε καὶ ἅρματα ποικίλα χαλκῷ· §4.227καὶ τοὺς μὲν θεράπων ἀπάνευθʼ ἔχε φυσιόωντας §4.228Εὐρυμέδων υἱὸς Πτολεμαίου Πειραΐδαο· §4.229τῷ μάλα πόλλʼ ἐπέτελλε παρισχέμεν ὁππότε κέν μιν §4.230γυῖα λάβῃ κάματος πολέας διὰ κοιρανέοντα· §4.231αὐτὰρ ὃ πεζὸς ἐὼν ἐπεπωλεῖτο στίχας ἀνδρῶν·
For he left his horses and his bronze-adorned chariot; and these his squire Eurymedon, son of Ptolemy, son of Peiraeus, held apart, panting; to him Agamemnon gave strict orders to have them near at hand, whenever weariness should seize his limbs as he marshaled the many; but he himself went on foot through the ranks of men.
§4.232καί ῥʼ οὓς μὲν σπεύδοντας ἴδοι Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων, §4.233τοὺς μάλα θαρσύνεσκε παριστάμενος ἐπέεσσιν· §4.234Ἀργεῖοι μή πώ τι μεθίετε θούριδος ἀλκῆς· §4.235οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ ψευδέσσι πατὴρ Ζεὺς ἔσσετʼ ἀρωγός, §4.236ἀλλʼ οἵ περ πρότεροι ὑπὲρ ὅρκια δηλήσαντο §4.237τῶν ἤτοι αὐτῶν τέρενα χρόα γῦπες ἔδονται, §4.238ἡμεῖς αὖτʼ ἀλόχους τε φίλας καὶ νήπια τέκνα §4.239ἄξομεν ἐν νήεσσιν, ἐπὴν πτολίεθρον ἕλωμεν. §4.240οὕς τινας αὖ μεθιέντας ἴδοι στυγεροῦ πολέμοιο, §4.241τοὺς μάλα νεικείεσκε χολωτοῖσιν ἐπέεσσιν· §4.242Ἀργεῖοι ἰόμωροι ἐλεγχέες οὔ νυ σέβεσθε;
And whomsoever of the swift-horsed Danaans he saw eager, these he would encourage, standing near them, with words: "Argives, slacken not in any wise your furious courage; for father Zeus will be no helper to liars, but those who were the first to transgress the treaty, of these surely the vultures shall devour the tender flesh, and we shall carry off their dear wives and young children in our ships, when we have taken their city." But whomsoever he saw slackening from hateful war, these he would upbraid with angry words: "Argives, who fit only for the bow, targets of disgrace, have you no shame?
§4.243τίφθʼ οὕτως ἔστητε τεθηπότες ἠΰτε νεβροί, §4.244αἵ τʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν ἔκαμον πολέος πεδίοιο θέουσαι §4.245ἑστᾶσʼ, οὐδʼ ἄρα τίς σφι μετὰ φρεσὶ γίγνεται ἀλκή·
Why stand you thus dazed, like fawns, which, when they are weary with running over the wide plain, stand still, and no courage is found in their hearts?
§4.246ὣς ὑμεῖς ἔστητε τεθηπότες οὐδὲ μάχεσθε.
Even so you stand dazed and do not fight.
§4.247ἦ μένετε Τρῶας σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν ἔνθά τε νῆες §4.248εἰρύατʼ εὔπρυμνοι πολιῆς ἐπὶ θινὶ θαλάσσης, §4.249ὄφρα ἴδητʼ αἴ κʼ ὔμμιν ὑπέρσχῃ χεῖρα Κρονίων; §4.250ὣς ὅ γε κοιρανέων ἐπεπωλεῖτο στίχας ἀνδρῶν· §4.251ἦλθε δʼ ἐπὶ Κρήτεσσι κιὼν ἀνὰ οὐλαμὸν ἀνδρῶν.
Or do you wait for the Trojans to come near, where your ships with fine sterns are drawn up on the shore of the grey sea, so that you may see if the son of Cronos will stretch his hand over you?" Thus he went marshaling through the ranks of men; and he came to the Cretans as he went through the crowd of warriors.
§4.252οἳ δʼ ἀμφʼ Ἰδομενῆα δαΐφρονα θωρήσσοντο· §4.253Ἰδομενεὺς μὲν ἐνὶ προμάχοις συῒ εἴκελος ἀλκήν, §4.254Μηριόνης δʼ ἄρα οἱ πυμάτας ὄτρυνε φάλαγγας.
These were arming around warlike Idomeneus; Idomeneus was in the forefront, like a wild boar in strength, and Meriones was urging on the rearmost phalanxes.
§4.255τοὺς δὲ ἰδὼν γήθησεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων, §4.256αὐτίκα δʼ Ἰδομενῆα προσηύδα μειλιχίοισιν· §4.257Ἰδομενεῦ περὶ μέν σε τίω Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων §4.258ἠμὲν ἐνὶ πτολέμῳ ἠδʼ ἀλλοίῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ §4.259ἠδʼ ἐν δαίθʼ, ὅτε πέρ τε γερούσιον αἴθοπα οἶνον §4.260Ἀργείων οἳ ἄριστοι ἐνὶ κρητῆρι κέρωνται.
Seeing them, Agamemnon, lord of men, rejoiced, and straightway spoke to Idomeneus with gentle words: "Idomeneus, beyond all the swift-horsed Danaans do I honor you, both in war and in any other work, and at the feast, when the nobles of the Argives mix the glowing wine of the elders in the mixing-bowl.
§4.261εἴ περ γάρ τʼ ἄλλοι γε κάρη κομόωντες Ἀχαιοὶ §4.262δαιτρὸν πίνωσιν, σὸν δὲ πλεῖον δέπας αἰεὶ §4.263ἕστηχʼ, ὥς περ ἐμοί, πιέειν ὅτε θυμὸς ἀνώγοι.
For even if the other long-haired Achaeans drink a portion, your cup stands always full, even as mine, to drink whenever your spirit bids.
§4.264ἀλλʼ ὄρσευ πόλεμον δʼ οἷος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι. §4.265τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἰδομενεὺς Κρητῶν ἀγὸς ἀντίον ηὔδα· §4.266Ἀτρεΐδη μάλα μέν τοι ἐγὼν ἐρίηρος ἑταῖρος §4.267ἔσσομαι, ὡς τὸ πρῶτον ὑπέστην καὶ κατένευσα· §4.268ἀλλʼ ἄλλους ὄτρυνε κάρη κομόωντας Ἀχαιοὺς §4.269ὄφρα τάχιστα μαχώμεθʼ, ἐπεὶ σύν γʼ ὅρκιʼ ἔχευαν §4.270Τρῶες·
But rouse yourself for battle, such as of old you boast to be." To him Idomeneus, leader of the Cretans, spoke in answer: "Son of Atreus, a very loyal comrade to you will I be, even as at the first I promised and nodded assent; but urge on the other long-haired Achaeans, so that we may fight with all speed, since the Trojans have made the treaty of no effect.
τοῖσιν δʼ αὖ θάνατος καὶ κήδεʼ ὀπίσσω §4.271ἔσσετʼ ἐπεὶ πρότεροι ὑπὲρ ὅρκια δηλήσαντο.
On them shall death and sorrows fall hereafter, since they were the first to transgress the treaty."

Notes

  1. §4.209βὰν — The third-person dual aorist form of the verb βαίνω. The subject refers to the dual pair, Talthybius and Machaon.
  2. §4.214ἄγεν — A shortened form of the third-person plural aorist passive ἄγησαν from the verb ἄγνυμι (to break). The subject is the plural noun ὄγκοι (barbs), indicating that they bent or broke backward as the arrow was drawn out.
  3. §4.223οὐκ ἂν ... ἴδοις — The particle ἄν with the optative mood in the second-person singular ("you would not have seen"), serving as a generalizing second person to express past potentiality or a vivid hypothetical observation.
  4. §4.230ὁππότε κέν μιν / γυῖα λάβῃ κάματος — The temporal-conditional conjunction ὁππότε with κέν (Homeric form of ἄν) and the subjunctive mood (λάβῃ) expressing a general condition in past time ("whenever weariness should seize him"), reflecting Agamemnon's habitual preparation.
  5. §4.240οὕς τινας αὖ μεθιέντας ἴδοι — A relative pronoun followed by the optative mood (ἴδοι), expressing a past iterative or general conditional action ("whomsoever he saw slackening").
  6. §4.260κέρωνται — The present subjunctive of κεράννυμι, used in a temporal clause (introduced by ὅτε) to express habitual or iterative action in present time ("whenever they mix").

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §4.206-4.271. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.206-4.271

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