Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §22.386-22.450

Hector's Body Dragged and the Lamentation of Troy

Passage 200 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Achilles, remembering his mourning for Patroclus, defiles Hector's corpse by dragging it behind his chariot. Witnessing this, Hector's parents and the Trojans fall into deep lamentation, while his wife Andromache, still unaware of his death, waits for his return at home.

§22.386κεῖται πὰρ νήεσσι νέκυς ἄκλαυτος ἄθαπτος §22.387Πάτροκλος· τοῦ δʼ οὐκ ἐπιλήσομαι, ὄφρʼ ἂν ἔγωγε §22.388ζωοῖσιν μετέω καί μοι φίλα γούνατʼ ὀρώρῃ·
Patroclus lies by the ships, a corpse unwept, unburied; him I shall never forget, so long as I remain among the living and my dear knees can move.
§22.389εἰ δὲ θανόντων περ καταλήθοντʼ εἰν Ἀΐδαο §22.390αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ καὶ κεῖθι φίλου μεμνήσομʼ ἑταίρου.
And even if in the house of Hades men forget the dead, yet even there I shall remember my beloved companion.
§22.391νῦν δʼ ἄγʼ ἀείδοντες παιήονα κοῦροι Ἀχαιῶν §22.392νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσι νεώμεθα, τόνδε δʼ ἄγωμεν.
But now, come, singing a paean, youths of the Achaeans, let us return to the hollow ships, and let us bring him.
§22.393ἠράμεθα μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφνομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον, §22.394ᾧ Τρῶες κατὰ ἄστυ θεῷ ὣς εὐχετόωντο.
We have won great glory; we have slain noble Hector, to whom the Trojans throughout the city prayed as to a god.
§22.395ἦ ῥα, καὶ Ἕκτορα δῖον ἀεικέα μήδετο ἔργα.
He spoke, and devised foul deeds for noble Hector.
§22.396ἀμφοτέρων μετόπισθε ποδῶν τέτρηνε τένοντε §22.397ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης, βοέους δʼ ἐξῆπτεν ἱμάντας, §22.398ἐκ δίφροιο δʼ ἔδησε, κάρη δʼ ἕλκεσθαι ἔασεν·
He pierced the tendons of both his feet behind, from heel to ankle, and fastened straps of ox-hide, and bound them to the chariot, and let the head be dragged.
§22.399ἐς δίφρον δʼ ἀναβὰς ἀνά τε κλυτὰ τεύχεʼ ἀείρας §22.400μάστιξέν ῥʼ ἐλάαν, τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην.
Then, mounting the chariot and lifting up the glorious armor, he lashed the horses to a gallop, and they flew nothing loath.
§22.401τοῦ δʼ ἦν ἑλκομένοιο κονίσαλος, ἀμφὶ δὲ χαῖται §22.402κυάνεαι πίτναντο, κάρη δʼ ἅπαν ἐν κονίῃσι §22.403κεῖτο πάρος χαρίεν· τότε δὲ Ζεὺς δυσμενέεσσι §22.404δῶκεν ἀεικίσσασθαι ἑῇ ἐν πατρίδι γαίῃ.
As he was dragged, a cloud of dust rose, and his dark hair was streamed out, and his head, once so beautiful, lay all in the dust; for then Zeus granted to his enemies to defile him in his own native land.
§22.405ὣς τοῦ μὲν κεκόνιτο κάρη ἅπαν· ἣ δέ νυ μήτηρ §22.406τίλλε κόμην, ἀπὸ δὲ λιπαρὴν ἔρριψε καλύπτρην §22.407τηλόσε, κώκυσεν δὲ μάλα μέγα παῖδʼ ἐσιδοῦσα·
Thus was his head all covered with dust; and his mother tore her hair, and threw far away her bright veil, and wailed right loudly as she looked upon her son.
§22.408ᾤμωξεν δʼ ἐλεεινὰ πατὴρ φίλος, ἀμφὶ δὲ λαοὶ §22.409κωκυτῷ τʼ εἴχοντο καὶ οἰμωγῇ κατὰ ἄστυ.
And his dear father moaned piteously, and around them the people were lost in wailing and lamentation throughout the city.
§22.410τῷ δὲ μάλιστʼ ἄρʼ ἔην ἐναλίγκιον ὡς εἰ ἅπασα §22.411Ἴλιος ὀφρυόεσσα πυρὶ σμύχοιτο κατʼ ἄκρης.
And it was most like to this, as if all beetling Ilium were burning with fire from its summit.
§22.412λαοὶ μέν ῥα γέροντα μόγις ἔχον ἀσχαλόωντα §22.413ἐξελθεῖν μεμαῶτα πυλάων Δαρδανιάων.
The people indeed could scarcely hold back the sorrowing old man, eager as he was to go forth from the Dardanian gates.
§22.414πάντας δʼ ἐλλιτάνευε κυλινδόμενος κατὰ κόπρον, §22.415ἐξονομακλήδην ὀνομάζων ἄνδρα ἕκαστον· §22.416σχέσθε φίλοι, καί μʼ οἶον ἐάσατε κηδόμενοί περ §22.417ἐξελθόντα πόληος ἱκέσθʼ ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν.
He entreated them all, rolling in the mire, calling upon each man by name: "Hold, friends, and let me go alone, anxious though you are, to go forth from the city and reach the ships of the Achaeans.
§22.418λίσσωμʼ ἀνέρα τοῦτον ἀτάσθαλον ὀβριμοεργόν, §22.419ἤν πως ἡλικίην αἰδέσσεται ἠδʼ ἐλεήσῃ §22.420γῆρας· καὶ δέ νυ τῷ γε πατὴρ τοιόσδε τέτυκται §22.421Πηλεύς, ὅς μιν ἔτικτε καὶ ἔτρεφε πῆμα γενέσθαι §22.422Τρωσί· μάλιστα δʼ ἐμοὶ περὶ πάντων ἄλγεʼ ἔθηκε.
Let me pray to this insolent man, worker of violent deeds, if perchance he may feel shame before my age and pity my old age; for he too has a father like me, Peleus, who begot him and reared him to be a bane to the Trojans; but most of all to me above all others has he brought sorrow.
§22.423τόσσους γάρ μοι παῖδας ἀπέκτανε τηλεθάοντας· §22.424τῶν πάντων οὐ τόσσον ὀδύρομαι ἀχνύμενός περ §22.425ὡς ἑνός, οὗ μʼ ἄχος ὀξὺ κατοίσεται Ἄϊδος εἴσω, §22.426Ἕκτορος·
For so many of my sons in their flower has he slain; yet for them all, grieved though I am, I mourn not so much as for this one, sharp grief for whom will bring me down to the house of Hades, even Hector.
ὡς ὄφελεν θανέειν ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι· §22.427τώ κε κορεσσάμεθα κλαίοντέ τε μυρομένω τε §22.428μήτηρ θʼ, ἥ μιν ἔτικτε δυσάμμορος, ἠδʼ ἐγὼ αὐτός. §22.429ὣς ἔφατο κλαίων, ἐπὶ δὲ στενάχοντο πολῖται· §22.430Τρῳῇσιν δʼ Ἑκάβη ἁδινοῦ ἐξῆρχε γόοιο· §22.431τέκνον ἐγὼ δειλή· τί νυ βείομαι αἰνὰ παθοῦσα
Would that he had died in my arms; then we would have sated ourselves with weeping and mourning, both his mother who bore him to her sorrow, and I myself." Thus he spoke weeping, and the citizens wailed therewith; and among the Trojan women Hecabe led the thronging lament: "My child, unhappy me! why should I live in my sore suffering now that you are dead?
§22.432σεῦ ἀποτεθνηῶτος; ὅ μοι νύκτάς τε καὶ ἦμαρ §22.433εὐχωλὴ κατὰ ἄστυ πελέσκεο, πᾶσί τʼ ὄνειαρ §22.434Τρωσί τε καὶ Τρῳῇσι κατὰ πτόλιν, οἵ σε θεὸν ὣς §22.435δειδέχατʼ· ἦ γὰρ καί σφι μάλα μέγα κῦδος ἔησθα §22.436ζωὸς ἐών· νῦν αὖ θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κιχάνει. §22.437ὣς ἔφατο κλαίουσʼ, ἄλοχος δʼ οὔ πώ τι πέπυστο §22.438Ἕκτορος· οὐ γάρ οἵ τις ἐτήτυμος ἄγγελος ἐλθὼν §22.439ἤγγειλʼ ὅττί ῥά οἱ πόσις ἔκτοθι μίμνε πυλάων, §22.440ἀλλʼ ἥ γʼ ἱστὸν ὕφαινε μυχῷ δόμου ὑψηλοῖο §22.441δίπλακα πορφυρέην, ἐν δὲ θρόνα ποικίλʼ ἔπασσε.
You who night and day were my pride throughout the city, and a blessing to all Trojans and Trojan women in the town, who greeted you as a god; for indeed you were their very great glory while you lived; but now death and fate have overtaken you." Thus she spoke weeping, but his wife had as yet heard nothing of Hector; for no true messenger had come to her to tell her that her husband remained outside the gates, but she was weaving a web in the inner chamber of her lofty house, a double purple mantle, and inseparably was she embroidering varied flowers.
§22.442κέκλετο δʼ ἀμφιπόλοισιν ἐϋπλοκάμοις κατὰ δῶμα §22.443ἀμφὶ πυρὶ στῆσαι τρίποδα μέγαν, ὄφρα πέλοιτο §22.444Ἕκτορι θερμὰ λοετρὰ μάχης ἐκ νοστήσαντι §22.445νηπίη, οὐδʼ ἐνόησεν ὅ μιν μάλα τῆλε λοετρῶν §22.446χερσὶν Ἀχιλλῆος δάμασε γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη.
And she called to her fair-tressed handmaids through the house to set a great tripod on the fire, that there might be a warm bath for Hector when he returned from battle— foolish one! and she knew not that far from all baths flashing-eyed Athena had vanquished him by the hands of Achilles.
§22.447κωκυτοῦ δʼ ἤκουσε καὶ οἰμωγῆς ἀπὸ πύργου· §22.448τῆς δʼ ἐλελίχθη γυῖα, χαμαὶ δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε κερκίς·
But she heard the wailing and the mourning from the wall, and her limbs spun, and the shuttle fell from her hand to the ground.
§22.449ἣ δʼ αὖτις δμῳῇσιν ἐϋπλοκάμοισι μετηύδα· §22.450δεῦτε δύω μοι ἕπεσθον, ἴδωμʼ ὅτινʼ ἔργα τέτυκται.
Then she spoke again among her fair-tressed handmaids: "Come, two of you follow me, let me see what deeds have been done."

Notes

  1. 22.389θανόντων — The genitive θανόντων serves as the object of the verb καταλήθοντʼ (for καταλήθονται, middle voice "forget"), which governs the genitive. It is translated as "even if they (people) forget the dead." Although it is grammatically possible to take it as a genitive absolute ("even if the dead forget"), the contrast with Achilles' vow in the next line to not forget his friend makes the objective reading more natural.
  2. 22.410ὡς εἰ — The conjunction phrase ὡς εἰ ("as if") is used with the optative σμύχοιτο to express a hypothetical comparison. It correlates with the impersonal expression in the main clause τῷ δʼ ... ἔην ἐναλίγκιον ("it was most like to this...").
  3. 22.425οὗ — The antecedent of the relative pronoun οὗ is ἑνός ("one") in the preceding line. The noun Ἕκτορος ("of Hector") at the beginning of the next line stands in apposition to ἑνός, clarifying who that "one" is. This enjambment heightens the poetic and emotional emphasis.
  4. 22.431βείομαι — Combined with the interrogative pronoun τί ("how"), βείομαι is the subjunctive (or future) of the verb βίομαι ("to live"), functioning here as a deliberative subjunctive ("how shall I live?").

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §22.386-22.450. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:22.386-22.450

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