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Homer · Iliad §21.69-21.132

Achilles' Rejection of Lycaon's Plea and His Death

Passage 186 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Achilles coldly rejects the desperate pleas of Lycaon, who begs for mercy at his knees, and after killing him, throws his body into the river to be eaten by fish.

§21.69κύψας· ἐγχείη δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπὲρ νώτου ἐνὶ γαίῃ §21.70ἔστη ἱεμένη χροὸς ἄμεναι ἀνδρομέοιο.
He stooped; and the spear passed over his back into the ground and stood fast, though eager to sate itself on human flesh.
§21.71αὐτὰρ ὃ τῇ ἑτέρῃ μὲν ἑλὼν ἐλλίσσετο γούνων, §21.72τῇ δʼ ἑτέρῃ ἔχεν ἔγχος ἀκαχμένον οὐδὲ μεθίει·
But he, grasping Achilles' knees with one hand, besought him, and with the other hand he held the sharp spear and would not let go.
§21.73καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §21.74γουνοῦμαι σʼ Ἀχιλεῦ· σὺ δέ μʼ αἴδεο καί μʼ ἐλέησον·
And he spoke and addressed him with winged words: "I clasp your knees, Achilles; respect me and have pity on me.
§21.75ἀντί τοί εἰμʼ ἱκέταο διοτρεφὲς αἰδοίοιο·
For I am to you in the place of a respected suppliant, O nurtured of Zeus.
§21.76πὰρ γὰρ σοὶ πρώτῳ πασάμην Δημήτερος ἀκτὴν §21.77ἤματι τῷ ὅτε μʼ εἷλες ἐϋκτιμένῃ ἐν ἀλωῇ, §21.78καί μʼ ἐπέρασσας ἄνευθεν ἄγων πατρός τε φίλων τε §21.79Λῆμνον ἐς ἠγαθέην, ἑκατόμβοιον δέ τοι ἦλφον.
For at your table first I tasted Demeter's grain, on the day when you took me prisoner in the well-tilled orchard, and led me away from my father and my friends and sold me into sacred Lemnos, and I brought you the price of a hundred oxen.
§21.80νῦν δὲ λύμην τρὶς τόσσα πορών· ἠὼς δέ μοί ἐστιν §21.81ἥδε δυωδεκάτη, ὅτʼ ἐς Ἴλιον εἰλήλουθα §21.82πολλὰ παθών· νῦν αὖ με τεῇς ἐν χερσὶν ἔθηκε §21.83μοῖρʼ ὀλοή·
And now I have been ransomed for thrice as much; and this is my twelfth morning since I came to Ilios, after many sufferings; yet now again destroying fate has placed me in your hands.
μέλλω που ἀπεχθέσθαι Διὶ πατρί, §21.84ὅς με σοὶ αὖτις δῶκε· μινυνθάδιον δέ με μήτηρ §21.85γείνατο Λαοθόη θυγάτηρ Ἄλταο γέροντος §21.86Ἄλτεω, ὃς Λελέγεσσι φιλοπτολέμοισιν ἀνάσσει §21.87Πήδασον αἰπήεσσαν ἔχων ἐπὶ Σατνιόεντι.
I must be hated, I think, by father Zeus, who has given me to you again; and to a brief span of life did my mother bare me, Laothoe, daughter of aged Altes— Altes who rules over the war-loving Leleges, holding steep Pedasus on the Satnioeis.
§21.88τοῦ δʼ ἔχε θυγατέρα Πρίαμος, πολλὰς δὲ καὶ ἄλλας· §21.89τῆς δὲ δύω γενόμεσθα, σὺ δʼ ἄμφω δειροτομήσεις,
His daughter Priam had to wife, and many others besides; of her we two were born, and you will throat-cut us both.
§21.90ἤτοι τὸν πρώτοισι μετὰ πρυλέεσσι δάμασσας §21.91ἀντίθεον Πολύδωρον, ἐπεὶ βάλες ὀξέϊ δουρί· §21.92νῦν δὲ δὴ ἐνθάδʼ ἐμοὶ κακὸν ἔσσεται· οὐ γὰρ ὀΐω §21.93σὰς χεῖρας φεύξεσθαι, ἐπεί ῥʼ ἐπέλασσέ γε δαίμων.
Indeed, one you have already tamed among the foremost foot-soldiers, godlike Polydorus, when you struck him with your sharp spear; and now indeed evil shall be here for me; for I do not think I shall escape your hands, since a god has brought me near to you.
§21.94ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσι· §21.95μή με κτεῖνʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐχ ὁμογάστριος Ἕκτορός εἰμι, §21.96ὅς τοι ἑταῖρον ἔπεφνεν ἐνηέα τε κρατερόν τε. §21.97ὣς ἄρα μιν Πριάμοιο προσηύδα φαίδιμος υἱὸς §21.98λισσόμενος ἐπέεσσιν, ἀμείλικτον δʼ ὄπʼ ἄκουσε· §21.99νήπιε μή μοι ἄποινα πιφαύσκεο μηδʼ ἀγόρευε·
Another thing I will tell you, and do you lay it to heart: slay me not, since I am not from the same womb as Hector, who slew your companion both gentle and strong." So spoke the glorious son of Priam to him, beseeching with words, but he heard an pitiless voice: "Fool, talk not to me of ransom, nor make speeches.
§21.100πρὶν μὲν γὰρ Πάτροκλον ἐπισπεῖν αἴσιμον ἦμαρ §21.101τόφρά τί μοι πεφιδέσθαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶ φίλτερον ἦεν §21.102Τρώων, καὶ πολλοὺς ζωοὺς ἕλον ἠδʼ ἐπέρασσα· §21.103νῦν δʼ οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅς τις θάνατον φύγῃ ὅν κε θεός γε §21.104Ἰλίου προπάροιθεν ἐμῇς ἐν χερσὶ βάλῃσι §21.105καὶ πάντων Τρώων, περὶ δʼ αὖ Πριάμοιό γε παίδων.
Before Patroclus met his day of destiny, it was more pleasing to my heart to spare the Trojans, and many of them I took alive and sold; but now there is not one who shall escape death, whomsoever god shall deliver into my hands before Ilios— not one of all the Trojans, and least of all the sons of Priam.
§21.106ἀλλὰ φίλος θάνε καὶ σύ· τί ἦ ὀλοφύρεαι οὕτως;
But, friend, die you too; why do you lament thus?
§21.107κάτθανε καὶ Πάτροκλος, ὅ περ σέο πολλὸν ἀμείνων.
Patroclus also died, who was a far better man than you.
§21.108οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος καὶ ἐγὼ καλός τε μέγας τε;
Do you not see what manner of man I am, both fair and great?
§21.109πατρὸς δʼ εἴμʼ ἀγαθοῖο, θεὰ δέ με γείνατο μήτηρ· §21.110ἀλλʼ ἔπι τοι καὶ ἐμοὶ θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή·
I am the son of a noble father, and a goddess mother bare me; yet over me too hang death and mighty fate.
§21.111ἔσσεται ἢ ἠὼς ἢ δείλη ἢ μέσον ἦμαρ §21.112ὁππότε τις καὶ ἐμεῖο Ἄρῃ ἐκ θυμὸν ἕληται §21.113ἢ ὅ γε δουρὶ βαλὼν ἢ ἀπὸ νευρῆφιν ὀϊστῷ. §21.114ὣς φάτο, τοῦ δʼ αὐτοῦ λύτο γούνατα καὶ φίλον ἦτορ·
There shall come a dawn or evening or midday, when some man shall take my life also in battle, either casting with the spear or with an arrow from the string." So he spoke, and the other's knees and heart were loosened.
§21.115ἔγχος μέν ῥʼ ἀφέηκεν, ὃ δʼ ἕζετο χεῖρε πετάσσας §21.116ἀμφοτέρας·
He let go the spear, and sat down with both hands outstretched.
Ἀχιλεὺς δὲ ἐρυσσάμενος ξίφος ὀξὺ §21.117τύψε κατὰ κληῗδα παρʼ αὐχένα, πᾶν δέ οἱ εἴσω §21.118δῦ ξίφος ἄμφηκες· ὃ δʼ ἄρα πρηνὴς ἐπὶ γαίῃ §21.119κεῖτο ταθείς, ἐκ δʼ αἷμα μέλαν ῥέε, δεῦε δὲ γαῖαν.
But Achilles drew his sharp sword and struck him on the collarbone beside the neck, and all the double-edged sword sank within him; and he fell prone upon the ground stretched out, and the dark blood flowed out and wetted the earth.
§21.120τὸν δʼ Ἀχιλεὺς ποταμὸν δὲ λαβὼν ποδὸς ἧκε φέρεσθαι, §21.121καί οἱ ἐπευχόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντʼ ἀγόρευεν· §21.122ἐνταυθοῖ νῦν κεῖσο μετʼ ἰχθύσιν, οἵ σʼ ὠτειλὴν §21.123αἷμʼ ἀπολιχμήσονται ἀκηδέες· οὐδέ σε μήτηρ §21.124ἐνθεμένη λεχέεσσι γοήσεται, ἀλλὰ Σκάμανδρος §21.125οἴσει δινήεις εἴσω ἁλὸς εὐρέα κόλπον·
Him Achilles seized by the foot and cast into the river to be carried away, and boasting over him spoke winged words: "Lie there now among the fish, which shall lick the blood from your wound uncaring; nor shall your mother lay you on a bed and wail over you, but Scamander shall bear you eddying into the broad bosom of the sea.
§21.126θρῴσκων τις κατὰ κῦμα μέλαιναν φρῖχʼ ὑπαΐξει §21.127ἰχθύς, ὅς κε φάγῃσι Λυκάονος ἀργέτα δημόν.
Many a fish leaping through the wave shall dart beneath the dark ripple to eat the white fat of Lycaon.
§21.128φθείρεσθʼ εἰς ὅ κεν ἄστυ κιχείομεν Ἰλίου ἱρῆς §21.129ὑμεῖς μὲν φεύγοντες, ἐγὼ δʼ ὄπιθεν κεραΐζων.
Perish on, until we reach the city of sacred Ilios, you fleeing, and I slaying in your rear.
§21.130οὐδʼ ὑμῖν ποταμός περ ἐΰρροος ἀργυροδίνης §21.131ἀρκέσει, ᾧ δὴ δηθὰ πολέας ἱερεύετε ταύρους, §21.132ζωοὺς δʼ ἐν δίνῃσι καθίετε μώνυχας ἵππους.
Nor shall the fair-flowing, silver-eddying river avail you, to whom long time you have sacrificed many bulls, and cast living single-hoofed horses into its eddies."

Notes

  1. §21.70ἄμεναι — The aorist infinitive of the verb *āō* (to sate, satisfy). It depends on the participle *hiemenē* (eager, straining), expressing purpose: "eager to satisfy itself on human flesh."
  2. §21.75ἀντί τοί εἰμʼ ἱκέταο — The preposition *anti* here takes the genitive *hiketao* (suppliant) to mean "in the place of" or "equal to," invoking the sacred duty of guest-friendship and the protection of suppliants under Zeus.
  3. §21.101πέφιδέσθαι — Reduplicated aorist infinitive of *pheidomai* (to spare). It functions as the subject of the impersonal construction *philteron ēen* ("it was more pleasing to my heart [to spare]").
  4. §21.122ὠτειλὴν — Accusative of *ōteilē* (wound), which together with *haim'* (blood) in the next line forms a double accusative construction with *apolichmēsontai* (will lick [the blood from the wound]).

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §21.69-21.132. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:21.69-21.132

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