Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §21.475-21.543

Hera Chastises Artemis and the Trojans Flee to the Gates

Passage 192 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Hera beats Artemis and sends her fleeing to Olympus, while Hermes avoids a fight with Leto. Meanwhile, the fleeing Trojans, pursued by the raging Achilles, escape through the city gates opened by Priam's command.

§21.475μή σευ νῦν ἔτι πατρὸς ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἀκούσω §21.476εὐχομένου, ὡς τὸ πρὶν ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν, §21.477ἄντα Ποσειδάωνος ἐναντίβιον πολεμίζειν. §21.478ὣς φάτο, τὴν δʼ οὔ τι προσέφη ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων, §21.479ἀλλὰ χολωσαμένη Διὸς αἰδοίη παράκοιτις §21.480νείκεσεν ἰοχέαιραν ὀνειδείοις ἐπέεσσι· §21.481πῶς δὲ σὺ νῦν μέμονας κύον ἀδεὲς ἀντίʼ ἐμεῖο
"Let me now no longer hear you boasting in the halls of your father, as you did before among the immortal gods, that you would fight face to face against Poseidon with might." So she spoke, and the worker from afar, Apollo, spoke no word to her; but the revered consort of Zeus, being wroth, chid the showerer of arrows with words of reviling: "How are you now eager, fearless dog, to stand against me?
§21.482στήσεσθαι; χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι §21.483τοξοφόρῳ περ ἐούσῃ, ἐπεὶ σὲ λέοντα γυναιξὶ §21.484Ζεὺς θῆκεν, καὶ ἔδωκε κατακτάμεν ἥν κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα.
I am a hard opponent for you to match your might with, even though you are a bow-bearer, since Zeus has made you a lion to women, and has granted you to slay whomsoever you will.
§21.485ἤτοι βέλτερόν ἐστι κατʼ οὔρεα θῆρας ἐναίρειν §21.486ἀγροτέρας τʼ ἐλάφους ἢ κρείσσοσιν ἶφι μάχεσθαι.
Truly, it is better to slay wild beasts on the mountains, and wild deer, than to fight by force with those who are stronger.
§21.487εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις πολέμοιο δαήμεναι, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῇς §21.488ὅσσον φερτέρη εἴμʼ, ὅτι μοι μένος ἀντιφερίζεις. §21.489ἦ ῥα, καὶ ἀμφοτέρας ἐπὶ καρπῷ χεῖρας ἔμαρπτε §21.490σκαιῇ, δεξιτερῇ δʼ ἄρʼ ἀπʼ ὤμων αἴνυτο τόξα, §21.491αὐτοῖσιν δʼ ἄρʼ ἔθεινε παρʼ οὔατα μειδιόωσα §21.492ἐντροπαλιζομένην· ταχέες δʼ ἔκπιπτον ὀϊστοί.
But if you wish to learn of war, that you may well know how much better I am, since you match your strength against mine—" She spoke, and caught both her hands at the wrist with her left, and with her right she took the bow from her shoulders, and therewith she smote her about the ears, smiling, as she turned this way and that; and the swift arrows fell out.
§21.493δακρυόεσσα δʼ ὕπαιθα θεὰ φύγεν ὥς τε πέλεια, §21.494ἥ ῥά θʼ ὑπʼ ἴρηκος κοίλην εἰσέπτατο πέτρην §21.495χηραμόν· οὐδʼ ἄρα τῇ γε ἁλώμεναι αἴσιμον ἦεν· §21.496ὣς ἣ δακρυόεσσα φύγεν, λίπε δʼ αὐτόθι τόξα.
And weeping, the goddess fled from beneath her like a dove, which flies from a hawk into a hollow rock, a cleft; and it was not fated for her to be caught; so she fled weeping, and left her bow there.
§21.497Λητὼ δὲ προσέειπε διάκτορος ἀργεϊφόντης· §21.498Λητοῖ ἐγὼ δέ τοι οὔ τι μαχήσομαι· ἀργαλέον δὲ §21.499πληκτίζεσθʼ ἀλόχοισι Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο· §21.500ἀλλὰ μάλα πρόφρασσα μετʼ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν §21.501εὔχεσθαι ἐμὲ νικῆσαι κρατερῆφι βίηφιν. §21.502ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, Λητὼ δὲ συναίνυτο καμπύλα τόξα §21.503πεπτεῶτʼ ἄλλυδις ἄλλα μετὰ στροφάλιγγι κονίης.
But to Leto spoke the guide, Argeiphontes: "Leto, I will by no means fight with you; a difficult thing it is to bandy blows with the wives of cloud-gathering Zeus; but very freely among the immortal gods boast that you vanquished me with your mighty strength." So he spoke, and Leto gathered up the curved bow and the arrows, fallen here and there in the whirl of dust.
§21.504ἣ μὲν τόξα λαβοῦσα πάλιν κίε θυγατέρος ἧς· §21.505ἣ δʼ ἄρʼ Ὄλυμπον ἵκανε Διὸς ποτὶ χαλκοβατὲς δῶ, §21.506δακρυόεσσα δὲ πατρὸς ἐφέζετο γούνασι κούρη, §21.507ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ ἀμβρόσιος ἑανὸς τρέμε· τὴν δὲ προτὶ οἷ §21.508εἷλε πατὴρ Κρονίδης, καὶ ἀνείρετο ἡδὺ γελάσσας· §21.509τίς νύ σε τοιάδʼ ἔρεξε φίλον τέκος Οὐρανιώνων §21.510μαψιδίως, ὡς εἴ τι κακὸν ῥέζουσαν ἐνωπῇ; §21.511τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἐϋστέφανος κελαδεινή· §21.512σή μʼ ἄλοχος στυφέλιξε πάτερ λευκώλενος Ἥρη, §21.513ἐξ ἧς ἀθανάτοισιν ἔρις καὶ νεῖκος ἐφῆπται. §21.514ὣς οἳ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον· §21.515αὐτὰρ Ἀπόλλων Φοῖβος ἐδύσετο Ἴλιον ἱρήν· §21.516μέμβλετο γάρ οἱ τεῖχος ἐϋδμήτοιο πόληος §21.517μὴ Δαναοὶ πέρσειαν ὑπὲρ μόρον ἤματι κείνῳ.
She took the bow and went back after her daughter; and the daughter came to Olympus, to the bronze-floored house of Zeus, and weeping the maiden sat upon her father's knees, and her immortal robe trembled about her; but to him her father, the son of Kronos, took her, and asked her, laughing sweetly: "Who now of the heavenly gods has done such things to you, dear child, wantonly, as though you were doing some evil openly?" To him again spoke the fair-crowned goddess of the loud-sounding chase: "It was your wife who maltreated me, father, white-armed Hera, from whom strife and contention are fastened upon the immortals." Thus they spoke such things to one another; but Phoebus Apollo entered sacred Ilios; for the wall of the well-built city was a care to him, lest the Danaans should destroy it beyond fate on that day.
§21.518οἳ δʼ ἄλλοι πρὸς Ὄλυμπον ἴσαν θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες, §21.519οἳ μὲν χωόμενοι, οἳ δὲ μέγα κυδιόωντες· §21.520κὰδ δʼ ἷζον παρὰ πατρὶ κελαινεφεῖ· αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς §21.521Τρῶας ὁμῶς αὐτούς τʼ ὄλεκεν καὶ μώνυχας ἵππους.
But the other gods who are forever went to Olympus, some in anger, and some greatly glorying; and they sat down beside their father, the lord of the dark cloud; but Achilles was slaying the Trojans, both themselves and their single-hooved horses.
§21.522ὡς δʼ ὅτε καπνὸς ἰὼν εἰς οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἵκηται §21.523ἄστεος αἰθομένοιο, θεῶν δέ ἑ μῆνις ἀνῆκε, §21.524πᾶσι δʼ ἔθηκε πόνον, πολλοῖσι δὲ κήδεʼ ἐφῆκεν, §21.525ὣς Ἀχιλεὺς Τρώεσσι πόνον καὶ κήδεʼ ἔθηκεν.
And as when smoke rising goes to the broad heaven from a burning city, and the wrath of the gods has sent it, and has brought toil upon all, and sent grief upon many, so Achilles brought toil and grief upon the Trojans.
§21.526ἑστήκει δʼ ὃ γέρων Πρίαμος θείου ἐπὶ πύργου, §21.527ἐς δʼ ἐνόησʼ Ἀχιλῆα πελώριον· αὐτὰρ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ §21.528Τρῶες ἄφαρ κλονέοντο πεφυζότες, οὐδέ τις ἀλκὴ §21.529γίγνεθʼ· ὃ δʼ οἰμώξας ἀπὸ πύργου βαῖνε χαμᾶζε §21.530ὀτρύνων παρὰ τεῖχος ἀγακλειτοὺς πυλαωρούς· §21.531πεπταμένας ἐν χερσὶ πύλας ἔχετʼ εἰς ὅ κε λαοὶ §21.532ἔλθωσι προτὶ ἄστυ πεφυζότες· ἦ γὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς §21.533ἐγγὺς ὅδε κλονέων· νῦν οἴω λοίγιʼ ἔσεσθαι.
And the old man Priam stood upon the sacred tower, and beheld the monstrous Achilles; and before him the Trojans were routed in headlong flight, nor was there any strength left in them; and with a groan he went down from the tower to the ground, urging the glorious gate-keepers along the wall: "Hold the gates wide open in your hands until the people come to the city in their flight; for lo, Achilles is here close at hand routing them; now I think there will be ruin.
§21.534αὐτὰρ ἐπεί κʼ ἐς τεῖχος ἀναπνεύσωσιν ἀλέντες, §21.535αὖτις ἐπανθέμεναι σανίδας πυκινῶς ἀραρυίας· §21.536δείδια γὰρ μὴ οὖλος ἀνὴρ ἐς τεῖχος ἅληται. §21.537ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄνεσάν τε πύλας καὶ ἀπῶσαν ὀχῆας· §21.538αἳ δὲ πετασθεῖσαι τεῦξαν φάος· αὐτὰρ Ἀπόλλων §21.539ἀντίος ἐξέθορε Τρώων ἵνα λοιγὸν ἀλάλκοι.
But when they have found breath again, being gathered within the wall, shut again the close-fitting gate-wings; for I fear lest that destructive man leap inside the wall." So he spoke, and they flung open the gates and thrust back the bolts; and these being opened brought light; but Apollo leaped forth to meet them that he might ward off ruin from the Trojans.
§21.540οἳ δʼ ἰθὺς πόλιος καὶ τείχεος ὑψηλοῖο §21.541δίψῃ καρχαλέοι κεκονιμένοι ἐκ πεδίοιο §21.542φεῦγον· ὃ δὲ σφεδανὸν ἔφεπʼ ἔγχεϊ, λύσσα δέ οἱ κῆρ §21.543αἰὲν ἔχε κρατερή, μενέαινε δὲ κῦδος ἀρέσθαι.
And they straight for the city and the high wall, parched with thirst and covered with dust from the plain, were fleeing; and he followed fiercely with his spear, and strong madness always possessed his heart, and he was eager to win glory.

Notes

  1. 21.475μή σευ νῦν ἔτι πατρὸς ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἀκούσω — The negative particle `μή` with the first-person singular aorist subjunctive `ἀκούσω` expresses a strong negative wish or prohibition ("let me not hear"). The genitive pronoun `σευ` (epic form of `σοῦ`) functions as the subject of the participle `εὐχομένου` while being directly governed by the verb of hearing `ἀκούσω`.
  2. 21.482χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι — The infinitive `ἀντιφέρεσθαι` ("to match/oppose") limits the adjective `χαλεπή` ("hard/difficult"), indicating the respect in which the statement holds ("I am hard for you to oppose in might"). The nominative `χαλεπή` and `ἐγώ` agree with the subject of the clause.
  3. 21.495οὐδʼ ἄρα τῇ γε ἁλώμεναι αἴσιμον ἦεν — The infinitive `ἁλώμεναι` (epic form of `ἁλῶναι`, the aorist passive infinitive of `ἁλίσκομαι`, "to be caught") serves as the subject of the impersonal expression `αἴσιμον ἦεν` ("it was fated"). The dative `τῇ` designates the person of interest ("for her/the dove").
  4. 21.501εὔχεσθαι — The infinitive is used with the force of an imperative (the infinitive for imperative), expressing Hermes' strong suggestion to Leto ("boast then").
  5. 21.516μέμβλετο γάρ οἱ τεῖχος... μὴ Δαναοὶ πέρσειαν — The verb `μέμβλετο` (pluperfect of `μέλω`, "was a care/worry") is followed by the negative particle of fear `μή` and the optative `πέρσειαν`. The optative is used in the subordinate clause of fear because the governing verb is in a past tense (pluperfect).

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §21.475-21.543. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:21.475-21.543

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