Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §20.149-20.220

Warning of Achilles and the Lineage of Aeneas

Passage 180 of 226 · Greek

Summary

As the opposing gods look on from their respective positions, Achilles and Aeneas advance to the space between the two armies. Achilles taunts Aeneas and warns him to withdraw, recalling past encounters, but Aeneas confidently replies by recounting his illustrious lineage tracing back to Dardanus and Zeus.

§20.149ἔνθα Ποσειδάων κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετο καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι, §20.150ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ ἄρρηκτον νεφέλην ὤμοισιν ἕσαντο· §20.151οἳ δʼ ἑτέρωσε καθῖζον ἐπʼ ὀφρύσι Καλλικολώνης §20.152ἀμφὶ σὲ ἤϊε Φοῖβε καὶ Ἄρηα πτολίπορθον.
There Poseidon and the other gods sat down, and clothed their shoulders with an impenetrable cloud; and the others sat on the brow of Kallicolone on the other side, around you, archer Phoebus, and Ares, sacker of cities.
§20.153ὣς οἳ μέν ῥʼ ἑκάτερθε καθήατο μητιόωντες §20.154βουλάς· ἀρχέμεναι δὲ δυσηλεγέος πολέμοιο §20.155ὄκνεον ἀμφότεροι, Ζεὺς δʼ ἥμενος ὕψι κέλευε.
Thus they sat on either side, devisings counsels; but to begin grievous war both sides hesitated, while Zeus sitting on high commanded them.
§20.156τῶν δʼ ἅπαν ἐπλήσθη πεδίον καὶ λάμπετο χαλκῷ §20.157ἀνδρῶν ἠδʼ ἵππων· κάρκαιρε δὲ γαῖα πόδεσσιν §20.158ὀρνυμένων ἄμυδις.
And all the plain was filled with them and gleamed with the bronze of men and horses; and the earth rang under the feet of them as they rushed together.
δύο δʼ ἀνέρες ἔξοχʼ ἄριστοι §20.159ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέρων συνίτην μεμαῶτε μάχεσθαι §20.160Αἰνείας τʼ Ἀγχισιάδης καὶ δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς.
And two men, preeminent among the best, came together into the midst of the two hosts, eager to fight, Aeneas, son of Anchises, and noble Achilles.
§20.161Αἰνείας δὲ πρῶτος ἀπειλήσας ἐβεβήκει §20.162νευστάζων κόρυθι βριαρῇ· ἀτὰρ ἀσπίδα θοῦριν §20.163πρόσθεν ἔχε στέρνοιο, τίνασσε δὲ χάλκεον ἔγχος.
Aeneas first had come forward with threatening mien, nodding with his heavy helmet; and his furious shield he held before his chest, and brandished his bronze spear.
§20.164Πηλεΐδης δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐναντίον ὦρτο λέων ὣς §20.165σίντης, ὅν τε καὶ ἄνδρες ἀποκτάμεναι μεμάασιν §20.166ἀγρόμενοι πᾶς δῆμος· ὃ δὲ πρῶτον μὲν ἀτίζων §20.167ἔρχεται, ἀλλʼ ὅτε κέν τις ἀρηϊθόων αἰζηῶν §20.168δουρὶ βάλῃ ἐάλη τε χανών, περί τʼ ἀφρὸς ὀδόντας §20.169γίγνεται, ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίῃ στένει ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, §20.170οὐρῇ δὲ πλευράς τε καὶ ἰσχία ἀμφοτέρωθεν §20.171μαστίεται, ἑὲ δʼ αὐτὸν ἐποτρύνει μαχέσασθαι, §20.172γλαυκιόων δʼ ἰθὺς φέρεται μένει, ἤν τινα πέφνῃ §20.173ἀνδρῶν, ἢ αὐτὸς φθίεται πρώτῳ ἐν ὁμίλῳ· §20.174ὣς Ἀχιλῆʼ ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ §20.175ἀντίον ἐλθέμεναι μεγαλήτορος Αἰνείαο.
And the son of Peleus on the other side rushed against him like a ravening lion that men are eager to slay, the whole village having gathered together; he at first goes on his way, scorning them, but when one of the youths swift in battle strikes him with a spear, he gathers himself up with open mouth, and foam rises about his teeth, and his brave heart groans in his breast, and with his tail he lashes his ribs and flanks on both sides, and rouses himself to fight, and with glaring eyes he charges straight on in his fury, to see if he can slay some man, or himself perish in the foremost throng; even so was Achilles driven by his fury and his lordly heart to go face to face with great-hearted Aeneas.
§20.176οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες, §20.177τὸν πρότερος προσέειπε ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς· §20.178Αἰνεία τί σὺ τόσσον ὁμίλου πολλὸν ἐπελθὼν §20.179ἔστης;
And when they had come near as they advanced against each other, first to speak was swift-footed noble Achilles: "Aeneas, why have you stepped so far out of the throng to stand against me?
ἦ σέ γε θυμὸς ἐμοὶ μαχέσασθαι ἀνώγει §20.180ἐλπόμενον Τρώεσσιν ἀνάξειν ἱπποδάμοισι §20.181τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου;
Does your heart bid you fight with me, because you hope to rule over the horse-taming Trojans with the office of Priam?
ἀτὰρ εἴ κεν ἔμʼ ἐξεναρίξῃς, §20.182οὔ τοι τοὔνεκά γε Πρίαμος γέρας ἐν χερὶ θήσει· §20.183εἰσὶν γάρ οἱ παῖδες, ὃ δʼ ἔμπεδος οὐδʼ ἀεσίφρων.
Yet even if you slay me, not for that will Priam place the prize of kingship in your hands; for he has sons, and he is himself steadfast and not flighty of mind.
§20.184ἦ νύ τί τοι Τρῶες τέμενος τάμον ἔξοχον ἄλλων §20.185καλὸν φυταλιῆς καὶ ἀρούρης, ὄφρα νέμηαι §20.186αἴ κεν ἐμὲ κτείνῃς;
Or have the Trojans cut out for you a tract of land preeminent above all others, fair with orchard and plowland, for you to possess if you slay me?
χαλεπῶς δέ σʼ ἔολπα τὸ ῥέξειν.
Hard, I think, will you find it to do that.
§20.187ἤδη μὲν σέ γέ φημι καὶ ἄλλοτε δουρὶ φοβῆσαι.
For already, I say, I have chased you with my spear once before.
§20.188ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ ὅτε πέρ σε βοῶν ἄπο μοῦνον ἐόντα §20.189σεῦα κατʼ Ἰδαίων ὀρέων ταχέεσσι πόδεσσι §20.190καρπαλίμως;
Do you not remember when you were alone away from your cattle, and I drove you down from the hills of Ida with swift feet headlong?
τότε δʼ οὔ τι μετατροπαλίζεο φεύγων.
On that day you did not look behind you as you fled.
§20.191ἔνθεν δʼ ἐς Λυρνησσὸν ὑπέκφυγες· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ τὴν §20.192πέρσα μεθορμηθεὶς σὺν Ἀθήνῃ καὶ Διὶ πατρί, §20.193ληϊάδας δὲ γυναῖκας ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ ἀπούρας §20.194ἦγον· ἀτὰρ σὲ Ζεὺς ἐρρύσατο καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι.
From there you escaped to Lyrnessus; but I attacked it and sacked it with the aid of Athena and father Zeus, and carried off the women as booty, robbing them of their day of freedom; but Zeus saved you, and the other gods.
§20.195ἀλλʼ οὐ νῦν ἐρύεσθαι ὀΐομαι, ὡς ἐνὶ θυμῷ §20.196βάλλεαι· ἀλλά σʼ ἔγωγʼ ἀναχωρήσαντα κελεύω §20.197ἐς πληθὺν ἰέναι, μηδʼ ἀντίος ἵστασʼ ἐμεῖο, §20.198πρίν τι κακὸν παθέειν· ῥεχθὲν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω. §20.199τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Αἰνείας ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε· §20.200Πηλεΐδη μὴ δὴ ἐπέεσσί με νηπύτιον ὣς
But I do not think they will save you now, as you lay to heart; so I bid you draw back into the throng, and do not stand face to face with me, before you suffer some harm; even a fool knows a thing when it is done." To him Aeneas answered and said: "Son of Peleus, do not expect to frighten me with words as if I were a child, since I myself know well how to speak both taunts and unseemly words.
§20.201ἔλπεο δειδίξεσθαι, ἐπεὶ σάφα οἶδα καὶ αὐτὸς §20.202ἠμὲν κερτομίας ἠδʼ αἴσυλα μυθήσασθαι. §20.203ἴδμεν δʼ ἀλλήλων γενεήν, ἴδμεν δὲ τοκῆας §20.204πρόκλυτʼ ἀκούοντες ἔπεα θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων· §20.205ὄψει δʼ οὔτʼ ἄρ πω σὺ ἐμοὺς ἴδες οὔτʼ ἄρʼ ἐγὼ σούς.
We know each other's lineage, and we know our parents, having heard the words heard of old among mortal men; but by sight you have never seen my parents, nor I yours.
§20.206φασὶ σὲ μὲν Πηλῆος ἀμύμονος ἔκγονον εἶναι, §20.207μητρὸς δʼ ἐκ Θέτιδος καλλιπλοκάμου ἁλοσύδνης· §20.208αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν υἱὸς μεγαλήτορος Ἀγχίσαο §20.209εὔχομαι ἐκγεγάμεν, μήτηρ δέ μοί ἐστʼ Ἀφροδίτη·
They say that you are the son of noble Peleus, and of your mother, fair-tressed Thetis, daughter of the sea; but I boast to be the son of great-hearted Anchises, and my mother is Aphrodite.
§20.210τῶν δὴ νῦν ἕτεροί γε φίλον παῖδα κλαύσονται §20.211σήμερον· οὐ γάρ φημʼ ἐπέεσσί γε νηπυτίοισιν §20.212ὧδε διακρινθέντε μάχης ἐξαπονέεσθαι.
Of these, one pair or the other shall mourn their dear son today; for I say we shall not part from battle and return thus with childish words.
§20.213εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις καὶ ταῦτα δαήμεναι, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῇς §20.214ἡμετέρην γενεήν, πολλοὶ δέ μιν ἄνδρες ἴσασι· §20.215Δάρδανον αὖ πρῶτον τέκετο νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς, §20.216κτίσσε δὲ Δαρδανίην, ἐπεὶ οὔ πω Ἴλιος ἱρὴ §20.217ἐν πεδίῳ πεπόλιστο πόλις μερόπων ἀνθρώπων, §20.218ἀλλʼ ἔθʼ ὑπωρείας ᾤκεον πολυπίδακος Ἴδης.
But if you wish to learn this also, so that you may well know our lineage—and many men know it: Zeus the cloud-gatherer first begot Dardanus, and he founded Dardania, since sacred Ilios was not yet built in the plain to be a city of mortal men, but they still dwelt on the slopes of many-fountained Ida.
§20.219Δάρδανος αὖ τέκεθʼ υἱὸν Ἐριχθόνιον βασιλῆα, §20.220ὃς δὴ ἀφνειότατος γένετο θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων·
And Dardanus begot a son, king Erichthonius, who became the richest of mortal men;

Notes

  1. 20.156τῶν — Genitive demonstrative pronoun functioning as a prolepsis (anticipation) of the noun phrase `ἀνδρῶν ἠδʼ ἵππων` ('of men and horses') in the next line. Both are genitives of material/content governed by the passive verb of filling `ἐπλήσθη` ('was filled').
  2. 20.180τιμῆς — Genitive depending on the future infinitive `ἀνάξειν` ('to rule'). While `ἀνάσσω` regularly takes the dative of the people ruled (`Τρώεσσιν`), the genitive `τιμῆς` here acts as a genitive of value or prize, indicating the authority or office of Priam with which Aeneas hopes to rule.
  3. 20.198ῥεχθὲν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω — An epic proverbial formula. `ῥεχθέν` is the neuter singular nominative of the aorist passive participle of `ῥέζω` ('to do'), used circumstantially to mean 'once a thing has been done' or 'after the fact.' `ἔγνω` is a gnomic aorist expressing a timeless truth, best translated as a present tense ('knows/learns'). `τε` is the generalizing epic particle.
  4. 20.211διακρινθέντε — Nominative dual aorist passive participle of `διακρίνω` ('to separate/part'). It agrees with the unexpressed subject ('we two') of the dual infinitive `ἐξαπονέεσθαι` ('to depart/return'), referring specifically to the two combatants, Achilles and Aeneas.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §20.149-20.220. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:20.149-20.220

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