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Homer · Iliad §17.136-17.203

Glaucus' Rebuke and Hector Donning Achilles' Armor

Passage 154 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Ajax protects Patroclus' body with his shield, while Menelaus stands nearby. The Lycian leader Glaucus rebukes Hector for his cowardice and urges him to recover Sarpedon's body. Angered, Hector leaves the battlefield temporarily to put on the armor of Achilles, prompting Zeus to foresee his tragic fate.

§17.136πᾶν δέ τʼ ἐπισκύνιον κάτω ἕλκεται ὄσσε καλύπτων· §17.137ὣς Αἴας περὶ Πατρόκλῳ ἥρωϊ βεβήκει.
and he draws down all his brow, covering his eyes; even so did Ajax stand over the hero Patroclus.
§17.138Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἀρηΐφιλος Μενέλαος §17.139ἑστήκει, μέγα πένθος ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀέξων.
And from the other side, Menelaus, dear to Ares, son of Atreus, stood, nursing great grief in his breast.
§17.140Γλαῦκος δʼ Ἱππολόχοιο πάϊς Λυκίων ἀγὸς ἀνδρῶν §17.141Ἕκτορʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν χαλεπῷ ἠνίπαπε μύθῳ· §17.142Ἕκτορ εἶδος ἄριστε μάχης ἄρα πολλὸν ἐδεύεο.
And Glaucus, son of Hippolochus, leader of the Lycian men, looking fiercely at Hector, rebuked him with harsh words: "Hector, best in form, yet you are sorely lacking in battle.
§17.143ἦ σʼ αὔτως κλέος ἐσθλὸν ἔχει φύξηλιν ἐόντα.
In truth, your noble fame is held in vain, being a runaway as you are.
§17.144φράζεο νῦν ὅππως κε πόλιν καὶ ἄστυ σαώσῃς §17.145οἶος σὺν λαοῖς τοὶ Ἰλίῳ ἐγγεγάασιν·
Reflect now how you may save the city and town you alone, with the people who are born in Ilium.
§17.146οὐ γάρ τις Λυκίων γε μαχησόμενος Δαναοῖσιν §17.147εἶσι περὶ πτόλιος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἄρα τις χάρις ἦεν §17.148μάρνασθαι δηΐοισιν ἐπʼ ἀνδράσι νωλεμὲς αἰεί.
For none of the Lycians at least will go to fight against the Danaans for the sake of the city, since after all there was no gratitude for fighting against hostile men unceasingly always.
§17.149πῶς κε σὺ χείρονα φῶτα σαώσειας μεθʼ ὅμιλον §17.150σχέτλιʼ, ἐπεὶ Σαρπηδόνʼ ἅμα ξεῖνον καὶ ἑταῖρον §17.151κάλλιπες Ἀργείοισιν ἕλωρ καὶ κύρμα γενέσθαι, §17.152ὅς τοι πόλλʼ ὄφελος γένετο πτόλεΐ τε καὶ αὐτῷ §17.153ζωὸς ἐών· νῦν δʼ οὔ οἱ ἀλαλκέμεναι κύνας ἔτλης.
How could you save a lesser man from the throng, heartless one, since you left Sarpedon, at once a guest-friend and a companion, to remain a prey and spoil for the Argives, who was a great help to your city and to yourself while he lived; but now you did not dare to ward off the dogs from him.
§17.154τὼ νῦν εἴ τις ἐμοὶ Λυκίων ἐπιπείσεται ἀνδρῶν §17.155οἴκαδʼ ἴμεν, Τροίῃ δὲ πεφήσεται αἰπὺς ὄλεθρος.
Therefore now, if any of the Lycian men will obey me, we will go home, and steep ruin will appear for Troy.
§17.156εἰ γὰρ νῦν Τρώεσσι μένος πολυθαρσὲς ἐνείη §17.157ἄτρομον, οἷόν τʼ ἄνδρας ἐσέρχεται οἳ περὶ πάτρης §17.158ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι πόνον καὶ δῆριν ἔθεντο, §17.159αἶψά κε Πάτροκλον ἐρυσαίμεθα Ἴλιον εἴσω.
For if there were now in the Trojans a very bold, fearless strength, such as enters into men who, for their homeland, set up toil and battle against hostile men, swiftly would we drag Patroclus within Ilium.
§17.160εἰ δʼ οὗτος προτὶ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος §17.161ἔλθοι τεθνηὼς καί μιν ἐρυσαίμεθα χάρμης, §17.162αἶψά κεν Ἀργεῖοι Σαρπηδόνος ἔντεα καλὰ §17.163λύσειαν, καί κʼ αὐτὸν ἀγοίμεθα Ἴλιον εἴσω· §17.164τοίου γὰρ θεράπων πέφατʼ ἀνέρος, ὃς μέγʼ ἄριστος §17.165Ἀργείων παρὰ νηυσὶ καὶ ἀγχέμαχοι θεράποντες.
And if this dead man should come to the great city of King Priam, and we should drag him from the battle, swiftly would the Argives release Sarpedon's beautiful armor, and we might bring Sarpedon himself within Ilium; For the squire of such a man has been slain, who is by far the best of the Argives at the ships, and his squires who fight hand-to-hand.
§17.166ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ Αἴαντος μεγαλήτορος οὐκ ἐτάλασσας §17.167στήμεναι ἄντα κατʼ ὄσσε ἰδὼν δηΐων ἐν ἀϋτῇ, §17.168οὐδʼ ἰθὺς μαχέσασθαι, ἐπεὶ σέο φέρτερός ἐστι. §17.169τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσέφη κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ· §17.170Γλαῦκε τί ἢ δὲ σὺ τοῖος ἐὼν ὑπέροπλον ἔειπες;
But you did not dare to stand against great-hearted Ajax, looking him in the eyes, in the shouting of the enemies, nor to fight him face-to-face, since he is better than you." Then Hector of the flashing helm, looking fiercely at him, addressed him: "Glaucus, why did you, being such a man, speak so presumptuously?
§17.171ὢ πόποι ἦ τʼ ἐφάμην σὲ περὶ φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων §17.172τῶν ὅσσοι Λυκίην ἐριβώλακα ναιετάουσι·
Ah me, indeed I thought you were in wisdom above others, of all those who dwell in deep-soiled Lycia.
§17.173νῦν δέ σευ ὠνοσάμην πάγχυ φρένας οἷον ἔειπες, §17.174ὅς τέ με φῂς Αἴαντα πελώριον οὐχ ὑπομεῖναι.
But now I altogether blame your wits for what you have said, you who say that I did not withstand giant Ajax.
§17.175οὔ τοι ἐγὼν ἔρριγα μάχην οὐδὲ κτύπον ἵππων· §17.176ἀλλʼ αἰεί τε Διὸς κρείσσων νόος αἰγιόχοιο, §17.177ὅς τε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἄνδρα φοβεῖ καὶ ἀφείλετο νίκην §17.178ῥηϊδίως, ὁτὲ δʼ αὐτὸς ἐποτρύνει μαχέσασθαι.
I do not dread battle, nor the thundering of horses; but the mind of aegis-bearing Zeus is always stronger, who terrifies even a brave man and takes away victory easily, and at other times he himself urges him to fight.
§17.179ἀλλʼ ἄγε δεῦρο πέπον, παρʼ ἔμʼ ἵστασο καὶ ἴδε ἔργον, §17.180ἠὲ πανημέριος κακὸς ἔσσομαι, ὡς ἀγορεύεις, §17.181ἦ τινα καὶ Δαναῶν ἀλκῆς μάλα περ μεμαῶτα §17.182σχήσω ἀμυνέμεναι περὶ Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος. §17.183ὣς εἰπὼν Τρώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο μακρὸν ἀΰσας· §17.184Τρῶες καὶ Λύκιοι καὶ Δάρδανοι ἀγχιμαχηταί, §17.185ἀνέρες ἔστε φίλοι, μνήσασθε δὲ θούριδος ἀλκῆς, §17.186ὄφρʼ ἂν ἐγὼν Ἀχιλῆος ἀμύμονος ἔντεα δύω §17.187καλά, τὰ Πατρόκλοιο βίην ἐνάριξα κατακτάς. §17.188ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἀπέβη κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ §17.189δηΐου ἐκ πολέμοιο· θέων δʼ ἐκίχανεν ἑταίρους §17.190ὦκα μάλʼ οὔ πω τῆλε ποσὶ κραιπνοῖσι μετασπών, §17.191οἳ προτὶ ἄστυ φέρον κλυτὰ τεύχεα Πηλεΐωνος.
But come hither, friend, stand by me and see my work, whether I shall be a coward all day long, as you say, or whether I shall stay some of the Danaans, very eager though they be in valor, from fighting to defend dead Patroclus." So saying, he called to the Trojans, shouting aloud: "Trojans and Lycians and Dardanians who fight hand-to-hand, be men, friends, and remember impetuous valor, while I put on the beautiful armor of noble Achilles, which I stripped when I slew the mighty strength of Patroclus." Having spoken thus, Hector of the flashing helm departed from the hostile battle; and running, he caught up with his companions very quickly, not yet far off, overtaking them with swift feet, who were carrying the glorious armor of Peleus' son to the city.
§17.192στὰς δʼ ἀπάνευθε μάχης πολυδακρύου ἔντεʼ ἄμειβεν· §17.193ἤτοι ὃ μὲν τὰ ἃ δῶκε φέρειν προτὶ Ἴλιον ἱρὴν §17.194Τρωσὶ φιλοπτολέμοισιν, ὃ δʼ ἄμβροτα τεύχεα δῦνε §17.195Πηλεΐδεω Ἀχιλῆος ἅ οἱ θεοὶ Οὐρανίωνες §17.196πατρὶ φίλῳ ἔπορον· ὃ δʼ ἄρα ᾧ παιδὶ ὄπασσε §17.197γηράς· ἀλλʼ οὐχ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα.
Standing apart from the tearful battle, he changed his armor; indeed he gave his own to be carried to sacred Ilium by the warlike Trojans, and he put on the immortal armor of Achilles, son of Peleus, which the heavenly gods had given to his dear father; and he indeed gave it to his son in his old age; but the son did not grow old in the armor of his father.
§17.198τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἀπάνευθεν ἴδεν νεφεληγερέτα Ζεὺς §17.199τεύχεσι Πηλεΐδαο κορυσσόμενον θείοιο, §17.200κινήσας ῥα κάρη προτὶ ὃν μυθήσατο θυμόν· §17.201ἆ δείλʼ οὐδέ τί τοι θάνατος καταθύμιός ἐστιν §17.202ὃς δή τοι σχεδὸν εἶσι· σὺ δʼ ἄμβροτα τεύχεα δύνεις §17.203ἀνδρὸς ἀριστῆος, τόν τε τρομέουσι καὶ ἄλλοι·
But when cloud-gathering Zeus saw him from afar, arming himself in the armor of godlike Peleus' son, shaking his head, he spoke to his own heart: "Ah, wretched one, death is not at all in your mind, which indeed is coming near to you; but you are putting on the immortal armor of a preeminent man, before whom others also tremble;

Notes

  1. 142εἶδος — An accusative of respect (or specification), modifying the vocative adjective ἄριστε, meaning "best in appearance."
  2. 153ἀλαλκέμεναι — A reduplicated aorist infinitive (with the Aeolic ending -μεναι) serving as the complement of the verb ἔτλης ("dare"). The pronoun οἱ is a dative of disadvantage (or separation) referring to Sarpedon ("from him").
  3. 156ἐνείη — Present optative third-person singular of ἔνειμι, introduced by εἰ γάρ. Together with the apodosis αἶψά κε ... ἐρυσαίμεθα (line 159, ἄν + optative), it forms a future less vivid condition (or a wish for the present/future).
  4. 196γηράς — Nominative masculine singular of the aorist active participle of γηράσκω ("to grow old"), meaning "having grown old" (referring to the father, Peleus, passing the armor to his son).

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §17.136-17.203. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:17.136-17.203

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