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Homer · Iliad §15.267-15.334

Hector's Return and Apollo's Aegis Routing the Achaeans

Passage 133 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Hector returns to the battlefield after being encouraged by Apollo, prompting Thoas to suggest a defensive stand by the Achaean leaders while the multitude retreats. Armed with the aegis, Apollo terrifies the Achaeans into a disorganized rout, allowing the pursuing Trojans to inflict heavy casualties.

§15.267ὤμοις ἀΐσσονται· ὃ δʼ ἀγλαΐηφι πεποιθὼς §15.268ῥίμφά ἑ γοῦνα φέρει μετά τʼ ἤθεα καὶ νομὸν ἵππων·
flutter on his shoulders; and he, trusting in his glory, swiftly his knees bear him to the accustomed haunts and pasture of the horses.
§15.269ὣς Ἕκτωρ λαιψηρὰ πόδας καὶ γούνατʼ ἐνώμα §15.270ὀτρύνων ἱππῆας, ἐπεὶ θεοῦ ἔκλυεν αὐδήν.
Even so Hector swiftly moved his feet and knees, urging on the horsemen, when he heard the voice of the god.
§15.271οἳ δʼ ὥς τʼ ἢ ἔλαφον κεραὸν ἢ ἄγριον αἶγα §15.272ἐσσεύαντο κύνες τε καὶ ἀνέρες ἀγροιῶται· §15.273τὸν μέν τʼ ἠλίβατος πέτρη καὶ δάσκιος ὕλη §15.274εἰρύσατʼ, οὐδʼ ἄρα τέ σφι κιχήμεναι αἴσιμον ἦεν· §15.275τῶν δέ θʼ ὑπὸ ἰαχῆς ἐφάνη λὶς ἠϋγένειος §15.276εἰς ὁδόν, αἶψα δὲ πάντας ἀπέτραπε καὶ μεμαῶτας· §15.277ὣς Δαναοὶ εἷος μὲν ὁμιλαδὸν αἰὲν ἕποντο §15.278νύσσοντες ξίφεσίν τε καὶ ἔγχεσιν ἀμφιγύοισιν· §15.279αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ ἴδον Ἕκτορʼ ἐποιχόμενον στίχας ἀνδρῶν §15.280τάρβησαν, πᾶσιν δὲ παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε θυμός.
And they, as when dogs and country folk chase either a horned stag or a wild goat, which a sheer rock and a shady forest rescue, nor indeed is it fated for them to catch it; but at their clamor a well-maned lion appears in the path, and straightway turns them all back, eager though they were; even so the Danaans for a time followed ever in a throng, smiting with swords and double-edged spears; but when they saw Hector going through the ranks of men, they were seized with fear, and the heart of all fell to their feet.
§15.281τοῖσι δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀγόρευε Θόας Ἀνδραίμονος υἱός, §15.282Αἰτωλῶν ὄχʼ ἄριστος ἐπιστάμενος μὲν ἄκοντι §15.283ἐσθλὸς δʼ ἐν σταδίῃ· ἀγορῇ δέ ἑ παῦροι Ἀχαιῶν §15.284νίκων, ὁππότε κοῦροι ἐρίσσειαν περὶ μύθων·
Then among them spoke Thoas, son of Andraemon, far the best of the Aetolians, skilled in throwing the javelin and brave in close fight; and in the assembly few of the Achaeans could surpass him when the youths contended in speech.
§15.285ὅ σφιν ἐϋφρονέων ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπεν· §15.286ὢ πόποι ἦ μέγα θαῦμα τόδʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρῶμαι, §15.287οἷον δʼ αὖτʼ ἐξαῦτις ἀνέστη κῆρας ἀλύξας
He with good intent addressed them and spoke: "Alas, indeed a great marvel is this I behold with my eyes, how Hector has risen again, having escaped the fates!
§15.288Ἕκτωρ· ἦ θήν μιν μάλα ἔλπετο θυμὸς ἑκάστου §15.289χερσὶν ὑπʼ Αἴαντος θανέειν Τελαμωνιάδαο.
Verily the heart of each of us hoped that he had died under the hands of Ajax, son of Telamon.
§15.290ἀλλά τις αὖτε θεῶν ἐρρύσατο καὶ ἐσάωσεν §15.291Ἕκτορʼ, ὃ δὴ πολλῶν Δαναῶν ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἔλυσεν, §15.292ὡς καὶ νῦν ἔσσεσθαι ὀΐομαι· οὐ γὰρ ἄτερ γε §15.293Ζηνὸς ἐριγδούπου πρόμος ἵσταται ὧδε μενοινῶν.
But some one of the gods has again delivered and saved Hector, who has indeed loosed the knees of many Danaans, as I expect will be the case now too; for not without loud-thundering Zeus does he stand as a champion thus eager.
§15.294ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὡς ἂν ἐγὼν εἴπω πειθώμεθα πάντες.
But come, as I shall say, let us all obey.
§15.295πληθὺν μὲν ποτὶ νῆας ἀνώξομεν ἀπονέεσθαι· §15.296αὐτοὶ δʼ, ὅσσοι ἄριστοι ἐνὶ στρατῷ εὐχόμεθʼ εἶναι, §15.297στήομεν, εἴ κεν πρῶτον ἐρύξομεν ἀντιάσαντες §15.298δούρατʼ ἀνασχόμενοι· τὸν δʼ οἴω καὶ μεμαῶτα §15.299θυμῷ δείσεσθαι Δαναῶν καταδῦναι ὅμιλον. §15.300ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδὲ πίθοντο·
Let us bid the multitude retreat to the ships, but let us ourselves, as many as claim to be the best in the host, stand our ground, if we may first face him and hold him back, lifting our spears; and he, I think, eager though he be, will fear in his heart to enter the throng of the Danaans." So he spoke, and they readily heard him and obeyed.
§15.301οἳ μὲν ἄρʼ ἀμφʼ Αἴαντα καὶ Ἰδομενῆα ἄνακτα §15.302Τεῦκρον Μηριόνην τε Μέγην τʼ ἀτάλαντον Ἄρηϊ §15.303ὑσμίνην ἤρτυνον ἀριστῆας καλέσαντες §15.304Ἕκτορι καὶ Τρώεσσιν ἐναντίον· αὐτὰρ ὀπίσσω §15.305ἣ πληθὺς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἀπονέοντο.
Then they who were around Ajax and lord Idomeneus, Teucer and Meriones and Meges, the peer of Ares, called upon the chieftains and marshaled the battle against Hector and the Trojans; but behind them the multitude retreated to the ships of the Achaeans.
§15.306Τρῶες δὲ προὔτυψαν ἀολλέες, ἦρχε δʼ ἄρʼ Ἕκτωρ §15.307μακρὰ βιβάς· πρόσθεν δὲ κίʼ αὐτοῦ Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων §15.308εἱμένος ὤμοιιν νεφέλην, ἔχε δʼ αἰγίδα θοῦριν §15.309δεινὴν ἀμφιδάσειαν ἀριπρεπέʼ, ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς §15.310Ἥφαιστος Διὶ δῶκε φορήμεναι ἐς φόβον ἀνδρῶν· §15.311τὴν ἄρʼ ὅ γʼ ἐν χείρεσσιν ἔχων ἡγήσατο λαῶν.
And the Trojans pressed forward in close throng, and Hector led them, taking long strides; and before him went Phoebus Apollo, clad about his shoulders with a cloud, and he held the fierce, terrible, shaggy, glorious aegis, which Hephaestus the smith had given to Zeus to bear for the putting to flight of men; this he held in his hands and led the host.
§15.312Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ὑπέμειναν ἀολλέες, ὦρτο δʼ ἀϋτὴ §15.313ὀξεῖʼ ἀμφοτέρωθεν, ἀπὸ νευρῆφι δʼ ὀϊστοὶ §15.314θρῷσκον· πολλὰ δὲ δοῦρα θρασειάων ἀπὸ χειρῶν §15.315ἄλλα μὲν ἐν χροῒ πήγνυτʼ ἀρηϊθόων αἰζηῶν, §15.316πολλὰ δὲ καὶ μεσσηγὺ πάρος χρόα λευκὸν ἐπαυρεῖν §15.317ἐν γαίῃ ἵσταντο λιλαιόμενα χροὸς ἆσαι.
And the Argives awaited them in close throng, and a shrill cry arose from both sides, and arrows leapt from the bowstrings; and many spears, cast by bold hands, some were fixed in the flesh of swift-warring youths, and many, before they could touch the white skin, stood fixed midway in the earth, longing to glut themselves with flesh.
§15.318ὄφρα μὲν αἰγίδα χερσὶν ἔχʼ ἀτρέμα Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων, §15.319τόφρα μάλʼ ἀμφοτέρων βέλεʼ ἥπτετο, πῖπτε δὲ λαός.
As long as Phoebus Apollo held the aegis still in his hands, so long the missiles of both sides struck, and the people fell.
§15.320αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατʼ ἐνῶπα ἰδὼν Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων §15.321σεῖσʼ, ἐπὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ἄϋσε μάλα μέγα, τοῖσι δὲ θυμὸν §15.322ἐν στήθεσσιν ἔθελξε, λάθοντο δὲ θούριδος ἀλκῆς.
But when he looked full in the faces of the Danaans of swift horses and shook it, and himself shouted a great shout, he dismayed the heart in their breasts, and they forgot their impetuous valor.
§15.323οἳ δʼ ὥς τʼ ἠὲ βοῶν ἀγέλην ἢ πῶϋ μέγʼ οἰῶν §15.324θῆρε δύω κλονέωσι μελαίνης νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ §15.325ἐλθόντʼ ἐξαπίνης σημάντορος οὐ παρεόντος, §15.326ὣς ἐφόβηθεν Ἀχαιοὶ ἀνάλκιδες· ἐν γὰρ Ἀπόλλων §15.327ἧκε φόβον, Τρωσὶν δὲ καὶ Ἕκτορι κῦδος ὄπαζεν.
And they, as when a herd of kine or a great flock of sheep is thrown into confusion by two wild beasts, coming suddenly upon them in the midmost of the black night when no herdsman is by, even so were the Achaeans routed in their weakness; for Apollo sent panic among them, and gave glory to the Trojans and Hector.
§15.328ἔνθα δʼ ἀνὴρ ἕλεν ἄνδρα κεδασθείσης ὑσμίνης.
Then, when the battle was scattered, man slew man.
§15.329Ἕκτωρ μὲν Στιχίον τε καὶ Ἀρκεσίλαον ἔπεφνε, §15.330τὸν μὲν Βοιωτῶν ἡγήτορα χαλκοχιτώνων, §15.331τὸν δὲ Μενεσθῆος μεγαθύμου πιστὸν ἑταῖρον· §15.332Αἰνείας δὲ Μέδοντα καὶ Ἴασον ἐξενάριξεν.
Hector slew Stichius and Arcesilaus, the one a leader of the bronze-clad Boeotians, and the other the faithful companion of great-hearted Menestheus; and Aeneas despoiled Medon and Iasus.
§15.333ἤτοι ὃ μὲν νόθος υἱὸς Ὀϊλῆος θείοιο §15.334ἔσκε Μέδων Αἴαντος ἀδελφεός· αὐτὰρ ἔναιεν
Medon indeed was the bastard son of godlike Oileus, the brother of Ajax; but he dwelt

Notes

  1. 15.267ἀγλαΐηφι — The form ἀγλαΐηφι is an epic dative/instrumental singular of ἀγλαΐα with the suffix -φι, functioning here as the complement of the participle πεποιθώς ('trusting in').
  2. 15.274οὐδʼ ἄρα τέ σφι κιχήμεναι αἴσιμον ἦεν — The infinitive κιχήμεναι ('to catch') acts as the subject of the impersonal phrase αἴσιμον ἦεν ('it was fated'), with the dative pronoun σφι ('for them') expressing the agent of the action.
  3. 15.283ἀγορῇ δέ ἑ παῦροι Ἀχαιῶν / νίκων — The pronoun ἑ is the third-person singular accusative direct object of the verb νίκων ('conquered, surpassed'), referring to Thoas, while the subject is the phrase παῦροι Ἀχαιῶν ('few of the Achaeans').
  4. 15.298τὸν δʼ οἴω... δείσεσθαι — An accusative with infinitive construction introduced by the verb οἴω ('I think'). The accusative demonstrative pronoun τὸν (referring to Hector) functions as the subject of the future infinitive δείσεσθαι ('will fear').
  5. 15.316πάρος χρόα λευκὸν ἐπαυρεῖν — The conjunction πάρος (here equivalent to πρίν, 'before') is used with the infinitive ἐπαυρεῖν ('to touch, taste'), which takes χρόα λευκὸν ('white skin') as its direct object.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §15.267-15.334. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:15.267-15.334

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