Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §13.696-13.767

Polydamas' Advice and Hector's Tour of the Army

Passage 120 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Polydamas warns Hector of the perilous battle situation and advises him to withdraw temporarily to consult with the chiefs. Hector accepts this sound counsel, goes to rally his scattered forces, and finds Paris encouraging his companions on the left flank.

§13.696ἐν Φυλάκῃ γαίης ἄπο πατρίδος ἄνδρα κατακτὰς §13.697γνωτὸν μητρυιῆς Ἐριώπιδος, ἣν ἔχʼ Ὀϊλεύς· §13.698αὐτὰρ ὃ Ἰφίκλοιο πάϊς τοῦ Φυλακίδαο.
He dwelt in Phylace away from his native land, having slain a man, the brother of his stepmother Eriopis, whom Oïleus had to wife; but the other (Podarces) was the son of Iphiclus, son of Phylacus.
§13.699οἳ μὲν πρὸ Φθίων μεγαθύμων θωρηχθέντες §13.700ναῦφιν ἀμυνόμενοι μετὰ Βοιωτῶν ἐμάχοντο·
These, armored in front of the great-hearted Phthians, fought along with the Boeotians, defending the ships.
§13.701Αἴας δʼ οὐκέτι πάμπαν Ὀϊλῆος ταχὺς υἱὸς §13.702ἵστατʼ ἀπʼ Αἴαντος Τελαμωνίου οὐδʼ ἠβαιόν, §13.703ἀλλʼ ὥς τʼ ἐν νειῷ βόε οἴνοπε πηκτὸν ἄροτρον §13.704ἶσον θυμὸν ἔχοντε τιταίνετον· ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρά σφι §13.705πρυμνοῖσιν κεράεσσι πολὺς ἀνακηκίει ἱδρώς· §13.706τὼ μέν τε ζυγὸν οἶον ἐΰξοον ἀμφὶς ἐέργει §13.707ἱεμένω κατὰ ὦλκα· τέμει δέ τε τέλσον ἀρούρης· §13.708ὣς τὼ παρβεβαῶτε μάλʼ ἕστασαν ἀλλήλοιιν.
And Aias, the swift son of Oïleus, would no longer stand at all apart from Telamonian Aias, not even a little; but as in a fallow field two wine-colored oxen with equal spirit strain at the jointed plough, and around their horns' roots much sweat wells up; only the well-polished yoke keeps them apart as they strain along the furrow, and the plough cuts to the end of the field; so they stood very close to one another, side by side.
§13.709ἀλλʼ ἤτοι Τελαμωνιάδῃ πολλοί τε καὶ ἐσθλοὶ §13.710λαοὶ ἕπονθʼ ἕταροι, οἵ οἱ σάκος ἐξεδέχοντο §13.711ὁππότε μιν κάματός τε καὶ ἱδρὼς γούναθʼ ἵκοιτο.
But indeed with the son of Telamon followed many and noble companions and troops, who would take his shield whenever weariness and sweat should come upon his knees.
§13.712οὐδʼ ἄρʼ Ὀϊλιάδῃ μεγαλήτορι Λοκροὶ ἕποντο· §13.713οὐ γάρ σφι σταδίῃ ὑσμίνῃ μίμνε φίλον κῆρ· §13.714οὐ γὰρ ἔχον κόρυθας χαλκήρεας ἱπποδασείας, §13.715οὐδʼ ἔχον ἀσπίδας εὐκύκλους καὶ μείλινα δοῦρα, §13.716ἀλλʼ ἄρα τόξοισιν καὶ ἐϋστρεφεῖ οἶος ἀώτῳ §13.717Ἴλιον εἰς ἅμʼ ἕποντο πεποιθότες, οἷσιν ἔπειτα §13.718ταρφέα βάλλοντες Τρώων ῥήγνυντο φάλαγγας·
But the Locrians followed not the great-hearted son of Oïleus; for their heart remained not steadfast in close-quarters combat; for they had no bronze-tipped helmets with thick horsehair crests, nor had they well-rounded shields and ashen spears, but trusting only in bows and well-twisted sheep's wool they followed with him to Ilios, with which afterwards they broke the ranks of the Trojans, shooting thick and fast.
§13.719δή ῥα τόθʼ οἳ μὲν πρόσθε σὺν ἔντεσι δαιδαλέοισι §13.720μάρναντο Τρωσίν τε καὶ Ἕκτορι χαλκοκορυστῇ, §13.721οἳ δʼ ὄπιθεν βάλλοντες ἐλάνθανον· οὐδέ τι χάρμης §13.722Τρῶες μιμνήσκοντο· συνεκλόνεον γὰρ ὀϊστοί.
So then those in front fought with the Trojans and brass-helmeted Hector in their finely-wrought armor, while those behind shot from their cover; nor did the Trojans think of battle, for the arrows threw them into confusion.
§13.723ἔνθά κε λευγαλέως νηῶν ἄπο καὶ κλισιάων §13.724Τρῶες ἐχώρησαν προτὶ Ἴλιον ἠνεμόεσσαν, §13.725εἰ μὴ Πουλυδάμας θρασὺν Ἕκτορα εἶπε παραστάς· §13.726Ἕκτορ ἀμήχανός ἐσσι παραρρητοῖσι πιθέσθαι.
Then indeed would the Trojans have retreated miserably from the ships and tents to windy Ilios, had not Polydamas stood by brave Hector and spoken to him: "Hector, you are hard to be persuaded by words of counsel.
§13.727οὕνεκά τοι περὶ δῶκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα §13.728τοὔνεκα καὶ βουλῇ ἐθέλεις περιίδμεναι ἄλλων· §13.729ἀλλʼ οὔ πως ἅμα πάντα δυνήσεαι αὐτὸς ἑλέσθαι.
Because a god has given you beyond others the works of war, therefore in counsel too you wish to excel others; but in no wise will you be able to choose all things at once for yourself.
§13.730ἄλλῳ μὲν γὰρ ἔδωκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα, §13.731ἄλλῳ δʼ ὀρχηστύν, ἑτέρῳ κίθαριν καὶ ἀοιδήν, §13.732ἄλλῳ δʼ ἐν στήθεσσι τιθεῖ νόον εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς §13.733ἐσθλόν, τοῦ δέ τε πολλοὶ ἐπαυρίσκοντʼ ἄνθρωποι, §13.734καί τε πολέας ἐσάωσε, μάλιστα δὲ καὐτὸς ἀνέγνω.
For to one god has given the works of war, to another the dance, to another the lyre and song, and in the breast of another far-seeing Zeus puts an excellent understanding, from which many men have benefit, and he saves many, and he himself knows it best.
§13.735αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω ὥς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἄριστα· §13.736πάντῃ γάρ σε περὶ στέφανος πολέμοιο δέδηε· §13.737Τρῶες δὲ μεγάθυμοι ἐπεὶ κατὰ τεῖχος ἔβησαν §13.738οἳ μὲν ἀφεστᾶσιν σὺν τεύχεσιν, οἳ δὲ μάχονται §13.739παυρότεροι πλεόνεσσι κεδασθέντες κατὰ νῆας.
But I will speak as seems to me to be best; for all around you the circle of war is burning; and the great-hearted Trojans, since they crossed the wall, some stand aloof with their armor, while others fight, fewer against many, scattered among the ships.
§13.740ἀλλʼ ἀναχασσάμενος κάλει ἐνθάδε πάντας ἀρίστους· §13.741ἔνθεν δʼ ἂν μάλα πᾶσαν ἐπιφρασσαίμεθα βουλὴν §13.742ἤ κεν ἐνὶ νήεσσι πολυκλήϊσι πέσωμεν §13.743αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσι θεὸς δόμεναι κράτος, ἦ κεν ἔπειτα §13.744πὰρ νηῶν ἔλθωμεν ἀπήμονες.
But withdraw and call hither all the chiefs; and then we might well consider every counsel, whether we shall fall upon the many-benched ships, if the god should wish to give us victory, or go back from the ships unharmed.
ἦ γὰρ ἔγωγε §13.745δείδω μὴ τὸ χθιζὸν ἀποστήσωνται Ἀχαιοὶ §13.746χρεῖος, ἐπεὶ παρὰ νηυσὶν ἀνὴρ ἆτος πολέμοιο §13.747μίμνει, ὃν οὐκέτι πάγχυ μάχης σχήσεσθαι ὀΐω. §13.748ὣς φάτο Πουλυδάμας, ἅδε δʼ Ἕκτορι μῦθος ἀπήμων, §13.749αὐτίκα δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε §13.750καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §13.751Πουλυδάμα σὺ μὲν αὐτοῦ ἐρύκακε πάντας ἀρίστους, §13.752αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ κεῖσʼ εἶμι καὶ ἀντιόω πολέμοιο· §13.753αἶψα δʼ ἐλεύσομαι αὖτις ἐπὴν εὖ τοῖς ἐπιτείλω. §13.754ἦ ῥα, καὶ ὁρμήθη ὄρεϊ νιφόεντι ἐοικὼς §13.755κεκλήγων, διὰ δὲ Τρώων πέτετʼ ἠδʼ ἐπικούρων.
For indeed I fear lest the Achaeans pay back the debt of yesterday, since by the ships remains a man insatiable of war, who I think will no longer hold back entirely from the fight." So spoke Polydamas, and his safe counsel pleased Hector; and straightway he leapt with his armor from his chariot to the ground, and spoke to him winged words: "Polydamas, do you hold back here all the chiefs, while I go thither and face the battle; and I will come back quickly when I have given them clear orders." He spoke, and rushed on like a snow-clad mountain, shouting aloud, and flew through the Trojans and their allies.
§13.756οἳ δʼ ἐς Πανθοΐδην ἀγαπήνορα Πουλυδάμαντα §13.757πάντες ἐπεσσεύοντʼ, ἐπεὶ Ἕκτορος ἔκλυον αὐδήν.
And they all rushed toward kindly Polydamas, son of Panthous, when they heard the voice of Hector.
§13.758αὐτὰρ ὃ Δηΐφοβόν τε βίην θʼ Ἑλένοιο ἄνακτος §13.759Ἀσιάδην τʼ Ἀδάμαντα καὶ Ἄσιον Ὑρτάκου υἱὸν §13.760φοίτα ἀνὰ προμάχους διζήμενος, εἴ που ἐφεύροι.
But he went through the foremost fighters, seeking Deiphobus, and the might of king Helenus, and Adamas son of Asius, and Asius son of Hyrtacus, if somewhere he might find them.
§13.761τοὺς δʼ εὗρʼ οὐκέτι πάμπαν ἀπήμονας οὐδʼ ἀνολέθρους· §13.762ἀλλʼ οἳ μὲν δὴ νηυσὶν ἔπι πρυμνῇσιν Ἀχαιῶν §13.763χερσὶν ὑπʼ Ἀργείων κέατο ψυχὰς ὀλέσαντες, §13.764οἳ δʼ ἐν τείχει ἔσαν βεβλημένοι οὐτάμενοί τε.
These he found no longer at all unharmed or free from destruction; but some lay by the sterns of the ships of the Achaeans, having lost their lives at the hands of the Argives, while others were within the wall, smitten and wounded.
§13.765τὸν δὲ τάχʼ εὗρε μάχης ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ δακρυοέσσης §13.766δῖον Ἀλέξανδρον Ἑλένης πόσιν ἠϋκόμοιο §13.767θαρσύνονθʼ ἑτάρους καὶ ἐποτρύνοντα μάχεσθαι,
But he quickly found on the left of the tearful battle noble Alexandrus, husband of fair-haired Helen, encouraging his companions and urging them to fight.

Notes

  1. 13.696κατακτὰς — The aorist active participle κατακτὰς (from κτείνω) is used adverbially to express the cause or reason why Medon had to dwell in Phylace, away from his fatherland.
  2. 13.707ἱεμένω — The present middle/passive dual participle ἱεμένω (from ἵεμαι, to strive/rush) agrees with the dual noun βόε (two oxen), describing their enthusiastic forward movement along the furrow.
  3. 13.723ἔνθά κε... ἐχώρησαν... εἰ μὴ ... εἶπε — A past contrary-to-fact conditional construction, consisting of the protasis with εἰ μὴ and the past indicative (εἶπε), and the apodosis with the particle κε and the past indicative (ἐχώρησαν), meaning 'then they would have retreated... had not Polydamas spoken.'
  4. 13.745δείδω μὴ... ἀποστήσωνται — The verb of fearing δείδω ('I fear') introduces a clause of fearing with μὴ and the subjunctive verb ἀποστήσωνται, expressing apprehension about a future possibility ('I fear lest they pay back...').

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §13.696-13.767. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:13.696-13.767

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.