Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §10.361-10.433

Capture and Interrogation of Dolon

Passage 88 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Diomedes and Odysseus pursue and capture the fleeing Dolon, who begs for his life. Under interrogation by Odysseus, Dolon reveals Hector's plans and the detailed positions and guard arrangements of the Trojans and their allies.

§10.361ἢ κεμάδʼ ἠὲ λαγωὸν ἐπείγετον ἐμμενὲς αἰεὶ §10.362χῶρον ἀνʼ ὑλήενθʼ, ὃ δέ τε προθέῃσι μεμηκώς, §10.363ὣς τὸν Τυδεΐδης ἠδʼ ὃ πτολίπορθος Ὀδυσσεὺς §10.364λαοῦ ἀποτμήξαντε διώκετον ἐμμενὲς αἰεί.
Or as when two sharp-toothed hounds, skilled in the chase, ever press hard upon a fawn or a hare through a wooded place, and it runs ahead crying, so the son of Tydeus and Odysseus, sacker of cities, having cut him off from the host, pursued him continually.
§10.365ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τάχʼ ἔμελλε μιγήσεσθαι φυλάκεσσι §10.366φεύγων ἐς νῆας, τότε δὴ μένος ἔμβαλʼ Ἀθήνη §10.367Τυδεΐδῃ, ἵνα μή τις Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων §10.368φθαίη ἐπευξάμενος βαλέειν, ὃ δὲ δεύτερος ἔλθοι.
But when he was soon about to mingle with the guards, fleeing toward the ships, then indeed Athena put strength into the son of Tydeus, lest any of the bronze-clad Achaeans should boast of striking him first, and he should come second.
§10.369δουρὶ δʼ ἐπαΐσσων προσέφη κρατερὸς Διομήδης· §10.370ἠὲ μένʼ ἠέ σε δουρὶ κιχήσομαι, οὐδέ σέ φημι §10.371δηρὸν ἐμῆς ἀπὸ χειρὸς ἀλύξειν αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον. §10.372ἦ ῥα καὶ ἔγχος ἀφῆκεν, ἑκὼν δʼ ἡμάρτανε φωτός· §10.373δεξιτερὸν δʼ ὑπὲρ ὦμον ἐΰξου δουρὸς ἀκωκὴ §10.374ἐν γαίῃ ἐπάγη· ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔστη τάρβησέν τε §10.375βαμβαίνων· ἄραβος δὲ διὰ στόμα γίγνετʼ ὀδόντων· §10.376χλωρὸς ὑπαὶ δείους· τὼ δʼ ἀσθμαίνοντε κιχήτην, §10.377χειρῶν δʼ ἁψάσθην· ὃ δὲ δακρύσας ἔπος ηὔδα· §10.378ζωγρεῖτʼ, αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἐμὲ λύσομαι· ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον §10.379χαλκός τε χρυσός τε πολύκμητός τε σίδηρος, §10.380τῶν κʼ ὔμμιν χαρίσαιτο πατὴρ ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα §10.381εἴ κεν ἐμὲ ζωὸν πεπύθοιτʼ ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν. §10.382τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· §10.383θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι θάνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω.
And rushing at him with his spear, strong Diomedes addressed him: "Either stand, or I will reach you with my spear, nor do I think you will long escape sheer destruction from my hand." He spoke and cast his spear, but on purpose missed the man; and over his right shoulder the point of the polished spear fixed itself in the ground; and he stood still, terrified, stammering, and the chattering of teeth arose in his mouth, pale with fear; and the two, panting, reached him, and seized his hands; and he, weeping, spoke a word: "Take me alive, and I will ransom myself; for there are at home bronze and gold and much-wrought iron, from which my father would grant you boundless ransom, if he should learn that I am alive at the ships of the Achaeans." And answering him, resourceful Odysseus spoke: "Take heart, and let not death be in your mind.
§10.384ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ καὶ ἀτρεκέως κατάλεξον· §10.385πῇ δὴ οὕτως ἐπὶ νῆας ἀπὸ στρατοῦ ἔρχεαι οἶος §10.386νύκτα διʼ ὀρφναίην, ὅτε θʼ εὕδουσι βροτοὶ ἄλλοι;
But come, tell me this and relate it truly: where are you going thus alone from the army toward the ships, through the dark night, when other mortals are sleeping?
§10.387ἤ τινα συλήσων νεκύων κατατεθνηώτων;
Is it to despoil some of the dead corpses?
§10.388ἦ σʼ Ἕκτωρ προέηκε διασκοπιᾶσθαι ἕκαστα §10.389νῆας ἔπι γλαφυράς;
Or did Hector send you out to spy out everything towards the hollow ships?
ἦ σʼ αὐτὸν θυμὸς ἀνῆκε; §10.390τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Δόλων, ὑπὸ δʼ ἔτρεμε γυῖα· §10.391πολλῇσίν μʼ ἄτῃσι παρὲκ νόον ἤγαγεν Ἕκτωρ, §10.392ὅς μοι Πηλεΐωνος ἀγαυοῦ μώνυχας ἵππους §10.393δωσέμεναι κατένευσε καὶ ἅρματα ποικίλα χαλκῷ, §10.394ἠνώγει δέ μʼ ἰόντα θοὴν διὰ νύκτα μέλαιναν §10.395ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν, ἔκ τε πυθέσθαι §10.396ἠὲ φυλάσσονται νῆες θοαὶ ὡς τὸ πάρος περ, §10.397ἦ ἤδη χείρεσσιν ὑφʼ ἡμετέρῃσι δαμέντες §10.398φύξιν βουλεύουσι μετὰ σφίσιν, οὐδʼ ἐθέλουσι §10.399νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι, καμάτῳ ἀδηκότες αἰνῷ. §10.400τὸν δʼ ἐπιμειδήσας προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· §10.401ἦ ῥά νύ τοι μεγάλων δώρων ἐπεμαίετο θυμὸς §10.402ἵππων Αἰακίδαο δαΐφρονος· οἳ δʼ ἀλεγεινοὶ §10.403ἀνδράσι γε θνητοῖσι δαμήμεναι ἠδʼ ὀχέεσθαι §10.404ἄλλῳ γʼ ἢ Ἀχιλῆϊ, τὸν ἀθανάτη τέκε μήτηρ.
Or did your own heart urge you?" Then Dolon answered him, and his limbs trembled beneath him: "With many delusions did Hector lead my mind astray, who promised to give me the single-hoofed horses of the lordly son of Peleus and the chariot adorned with bronze, and he commanded me to go through the swift, dark night, to go near the hostile men and to find out whether the swift ships are guarded as before, or if already subdued under our hands they are planning flight among themselves, and are not willing to keep watch through the night, worn out by terrible weariness." And smiling upon him, resourceful Odysseus said: "Indeed your heart was set on great gifts, the horses of the wise descendant of Aeacus; but they are difficult for mortal men to control and to drive, for anyone other than Achilles, whom an immortal mother bore.
§10.405ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ καὶ ἀτρεκέως κατάλεξον· §10.406ποῦ νῦν δεῦρο κιὼν λίπες Ἕκτορα ποιμένα λαῶν;
But come, tell me this and relate it truly: where now, as you came here, did you leave Hector, the shepherd of the people?
§10.407ποῦ δέ οἱ ἔντεα κεῖται ἀρήϊα, ποῦ δέ οἱ ἵπποι;
And where lie his martial armor, and where are his horses?
§10.408πῶς δαὶ τῶν ἄλλων Τρώων φυλακαί τε καὶ εὐναί;
And how are the watches and the sleeping-places of the other Trojans?
§10.409ἅσσά τε μητιόωσι μετὰ σφίσιν, ἢ μεμάασιν §10.410αὖθι μένειν παρὰ νηυσὶν ἀπόπροθεν, ἦε πόλιν δὲ §10.411ἂψ ἀναχωρήσουσιν, ἐπεὶ δαμάσαντό γʼ Ἀχαιούς. §10.412τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Δόλων Εὐμήδεος υἱός· §10.413τοὶ γὰρ ἐγώ τοι ταῦτα μάλʼ ἀτρεκέως καταλέξω.
And what are they planning among themselves, or are they eager to remain here far off by the ships, or back to the city will they return, since they have subdued the Achaeans?" And to him in turn Dolon, son of Eumedes, spoke: "Indeed, I will relate these things to you very truly.
§10.414Ἕκτωρ μὲν μετὰ τοῖσιν, ὅσοι βουληφόροι εἰσί, §10.415βουλὰς βουλεύει θείου παρὰ σήματι Ἴλου §10.416νόσφιν ἀπὸ φλοίσβου· φυλακὰς δʼ ἃς εἴρεαι ἥρως §10.417οὔ τις κεκριμένη ῥύεται στρατὸν οὐδὲ φυλάσσει.
Hector indeed with those who are counselors is planning counsels by the tomb of divine Ilus, apart from the noise; but as for the guards of which you ask, hero, no chosen guard protects or watches the army.
§10.418ὅσσαι μὲν Τρώων πυρὸς ἐσχάραι, οἷσιν ἀνάγκη §10.419οἷ δʼ ἐγρηγόρθασι φυλασσέμεναί τε κέλονται §10.420ἀλλήλοις· ἀτὰρ αὖτε πολύκλητοι ἐπίκουροι §10.421εὕδουσι· Τρωσὶν γὰρ ἐπιτραπέουσι φυλάσσειν· §10.422οὐ γάρ σφιν παῖδες σχεδὸν εἵαται οὐδὲ γυναῖκες. §10.423τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·
As many hearths of fire as there are of the Trojans, they who must, are awake and bid one another keep watch; but on the other hand, the allies summoned from many lands are sleeping; for they leave it to the Trojans to keep watch; for their children and wives do not sit near them." And answering him, resourceful Odysseus said: "How then are they sleeping now?
§10.424πῶς γὰρ νῦν Τρώεσσι μεμιγμένοι ἱπποδάμοισιν §10.425εὕδουσʼ ἦ ἀπάνευθε;
Mingled with the horse-taming Trojans, or apart?
δίειπέ μοι ὄφρα δαείω. §10.426τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Δόλων Εὐμήδεος υἱός· §10.427τοὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ καὶ ταῦτα μάλʼ ἀτρεκέως καταλέξω.
Tell me, so that I may know." And then Dolon, son of Eumedes, answered him: "Indeed, I will relate these things also to you very truly.
§10.428πρὸς μὲν ἁλὸς Κᾶρες καὶ Παίονες ἀγκυλότοξοι §10.429καὶ Λέλεγες καὶ Καύκωνες δῖοί τε Πελασγοί, §10.430πρὸς Θύμβρης δʼ ἔλαχον Λύκιοι Μυσοί τʼ ἀγέρωχοι §10.431καὶ Φρύγες ἱππόμαχοι καὶ Μῄονες ἱπποκορυσταί.
Towards the sea are the Carians, and the Paeonians with curved bows, and the Leleges, and Caucones, and divine Pelasgians; and towards Thymbra have the Lycians drawn their lot, and the proud Mysians, and the Phrygians who fight from horses, and the Maeonians, lords of chariots.
§10.432ἀλλὰ τί ἢ ἐμὲ ταῦτα διεξερέεσθε ἕκαστα;
But why do you inquire of me all these things in detail?
§10.433εἰ γὰρ δὴ μέματον Τρώων καταδῦναι ὅμιλον
For if you indeed desire to penetrate the throng of the Trojans..."

Notes

  1. 10.368φθαίη ἐπευξάμενος βαλέειν, ὃ δὲ δεύτερος ἔλθοι. — The construction φθαίη followed by the participle ἐπευξάμενος means 'lest someone should anticipate (him) and boast.' The infinitive βαλέειν (to strike) depends on the participle. In the second clause, ὃ refers to Diomedes, the subject of the main action; thus ὃ δὲ δεύτερος ἔλθοι expresses the concern 'lest he himself should come second,' i.e., losing the glory of the first strike to another. Both clauses are governed by the negative purpose conjunction ἵνα μή.
  2. 10.418ὅσσαι μὲν Τρώων πυρὸς ἐσχάραι, οἷσιν ἀνάγκη — An extremely elliptic and condensed expression. It consists of two elliptical clauses: ὅσσαι μὲν... [sc. εἰσί] ('as many hearths of fire of the Trojans as there are') and οἷσιν ἀνάγκη [sc. ἐστί] ('those to whom there is necessity [to keep watch]'). The relative pronoun οἷσιν contains its own antecedent (the guards on duty) and functions as the logical subject of the following main verb οἳ δʼ ἐγρηγόρθασι ('they are awake').

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §10.361-10.433. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:10.361-10.433

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