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Sophocles · Electra §1340-1430

Orestes Enters the Palace and Slays Clytemnestra

Passage 16 of 17 · Greek

Summary

After Orestes reveals the identity of the Paidagogos and Electra rejoices in their reunion, they enter the palace to execute their revenge. While Electra keeps watch outside, Clytemnestra's cries echo from within as the vengeance is carried out.

§1340καλῶς· ὑπάρχει γάρ σε μὴ γνῶναί τινα.
Orestes: It is well; for it is possible for no one to recognize you.
§1341ἤγγειλας, ὡς ἔοικεν, ὡς τεθνηκότα.
Paidagogos: You reported, as it seems, that he was dead.
§1342εἷς τῶν ἐν Ἅιδου μάνθανʼ ἐνθάδʼ ὢν ἀνήρ.
Orestes: Know that you are here as one of those in Hades.
§1343χαίρουσιν οὖν τούτοισιν;
Paidagogos: Do they rejoice in these things then?
ἢ τίνες λόγοι;
Or what words were there?
§1344τελουμένων εἴποιμʼ ἄν· ὡς δὲ νῦν ἔχει, §1345καλῶς τὰ κείνων πάντα, καὶ τὰ μὴ καλῶς.
Orestes: I would tell when things are finished; but as it is now, all their affairs, even those not well, are going well.
§1346τίς οὗτός ἐστʼ, ἀδελφέ;
Electra: Who is this, brother?
πρὸς θεῶν φράσον.
Tell me, by the gods.
§1347οὐχὶ ξυνίης;
Orestes: Do you not understand?
§1347aοὐδέ γʼ ἐς θυμὸν φέρω.
Electra: No, nor do I bring it to mind.
§1348οὐκ οἶσθʼ ὅτῳ μʼ ἔδωκας εἰς χέρας ποτέ;
Orestes: Do you not know to whom you once delivered me?
§1349ποίῳ;
Electra: To whom?
τί φωνεῖς;
What do you say?
§1349aοὗ τὸ Φωκέων πέδον §1350ὑπεξεπέμφθην σῇ προμηθίᾳ χεροῖν.
Orestes: By whose hands, through your foresight, I was secretly sent away to the Phocian plain.
§1351ἦ κεῖνος οὗτος, ὅν ποτʼ ἐκ πολλῶν ἐγὼ §1352μόνον προσηῦρον πιστὸν ἐν πατρὸς φόνῳ;
Electra: Is this indeed he whom once, out of many, I alone found faithful at my father’s murder?
§1353ὅδʼ ἐστί· μή μʼ ἔλεγχε πλείοσιν λόγοις.
Orestes: This is he; do not examine me with more words.
§1354ὦ φίλτατον φῶς, ὦ μόνος σωτὴρ δόμων §1355Ἀγαμέμνονος, πῶς ἦλθες;
Electra: O dearest light, O sole savior of the house of Agamemnon, how have you come?
ἦ σὺ κεῖνος εἶ, §1356ὃς τόνδε κἄμʼ ἔσωσας ἐκ πολλῶν πόνων;
Are you indeed he who saved him and me from many troubles?
§1357ὦ φίλταται μὲν χεῖρες, ἥδιστον δʼ ἔχων §1358ποδῶν ὑπηρέτημα, πῶς οὕτω πάλαι §1359ξυνών μʼ ἔληθες οὐδʼ ἔφαινες, ἀλλά με §1360λόγοις ἀπώλλυς, ἔργʼ ἔχων ἥδιστʼ ἐμοί;
O dearest hands, and you who have the sweetest service of feet, how, being with me so long, did you escape my notice and not reveal yourself, but destroy me with words, while having deeds sweetest to me?
§1361χαῖρʼ, ὦ πάτερ·
Hail, father!
πατέρα γὰρ εἰσορᾶν δοκῶ·
For I seem to look upon my father.
§1362χαῖρʼ·
Hail!
ἴσθι δʼ ὡς μάλιστά σʼ ἀνθρώπων ἐγὼ §1363ἤχθηρα κἀφίλησʼ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ.
Know that of all men I have hated you and loved you most in a single day.
§1364ἀρκεῖν δοκεῖ μοι· τοὺς γὰρ ἐν μέσῳ λόγους §1365πολλαὶ κυκλοῦνται νύκτες ἡμέραι τʼ ἴσαι, §1366αἳ ταῦτά σοι δείξουσιν, Ἠλέκτρα, σαφῆ.
Paidagogos: It seems to me to be enough; for as for the words in between, many rolling nights and equal days will show these things clearly to you, Electra.
§1367σφῷν δʼ ἐννέπω γε τοῖν παρεστώτοιν ὅτι §1368νῦν καιρὸς ἔρδειν· νῦν Κλυταιμνήστρα μόνη, §1369νῦν οὔτις ἀνδρῶν ἔνδον· εἰ δʼ ἐφέξετον, §1370φροντίζεθʼ ὡς τούτοις τε καὶ σοφωτέροις §1371ἄλλοισι τούτων πλείοσιν μαχούμενοι.
But I say to you two who stand by that now is the time to act; now Clytemnestra is alone, now no man is inside; but if you delay, consider that you will have to fight with these and other enemies more numerous and wiser than these.
§1372οὐκ ἂν μακρῶν ἔθʼ ἡμὶν οὐδὲν ἂν λόγων, §1373Πυλάδη, τόδʼ εἴη τοὔργον, ἀλλʼ ὅσον τάχος §1374χωρεῖν ἔσω, πατρῷα προσκύσανθʼ ἕδη §1375θεῶν, ὅσοιπερ πρόπυλα ναίουσιν τάδε.
Orestes: Pylades, this would no longer be a matter of long words for us, but as quickly as possible to go inside, having worshipped the ancestral seats of the gods, as many as dwell in this vestibule.
§1376ἄναξ Ἄπολλον, ἵλεως αὐτοῖν κλύε §1377ἐμοῦ τε πρὸς τούτοισιν, ἥ σε πολλὰ δὴ §1378ἀφʼ ὧν ἔχοιμι λιπαρεῖ προύστην χερί.
Electra: Lord Apollo, listen kindly to them, and to me besides them, who have often stood before you with a pleading hand from what I possessed.
§1379νῦν δʼ, ὦ Λύκειʼ Ἄπολλον, ἐξ οἵων ἔχω §1380αἰτῶ, προπίτνω, λίσσομαι, γενοῦ πρόφρων §1381ἡμῖν ἀρωγὸς τῶνδε τῶν βουλευμάτων, §1382καὶ δεῖξον ἀνθρώποισι τἀπιτίμια §1383τῆς δυσσεβείας οἷα δωροῦνται θεοί.
And now, Lycean Apollo, with what I have I ask, I fall before you, I implore: be favorable and help us in these plans, and show to men what kind of rewards for impiety the gods bestow.
§1384ἴδεθʼ ὅποι προνέμεται §1385τὸ δυσέριστον αἷμα φυσῶν Ἄρης.
Chorus: See where Ares goes forward, breathing hard-to-fight blood.
§1386βεβᾶσιν ἄρτι δωμάτων ὑπόστεγοι §1387μετάδρομοι κακῶν πανουργημάτων ἄφυκτοι κύνες, §1388ὥστʼ οὐ μακρὰν ἔτʼ ἀμμενεῖ §1390τοὐμὸν φρενῶν ὄνειρον αἰωρούμενον.
Just now the inescapable hounds, pursuers of evil crimes, have gone beneath the roof of the house; so that the dream hovering in my mind will no longer wait long.
§1391παράγεται γὰρ ἐνέρων §1392δολιόπους ἀρωγὸς εἴσω στέγας, §1393ἀρχαιόπλουτα πατρὸς εἰς ἑδώλια, §1394νεακόνητον αἷμα χειροῖν ἔχων· ὁ Μαίας δὲ παῖς §1395Ἑρμῆς σφʼ ἄγει δόλον σκότῳ §1396κρύψας πρὸς αὐτὸ τέρμα κοὐκέτʼ ἀμμένει.
For the stealthy-footed helper of the dead is being led inside the house, to the anciently wealthy dwelling of his father, holding newly-sharpened blood in his hands; and Hermes, son of Maia, leads him, having hidden the guile in darkness, to the very goal and waits no longer.
§1397ὦ φίλταται γυναῖκες, ἅνδρες αὐτίκα §1398τελοῦσι τοὔργον· ἀλλὰ σῖγα πρόσμενε.
Electra: O dearest women, the men will immediately finish the deed; but wait in silence.
§1399πῶς δή;
Chorus: How indeed?
τί νῦν πράσσουσιν;
What are they doing now?
§1400ἡ μὲν ἐς τάφον §1401λέβητα κοσμεῖ, τὼ δʼ ἐφέστατον πέλας.
Electra: She is preparing the urn for burial, and the two are standing close by.
§1402σὺ δʼ ἐκτὸς ᾖξας πρὸς τί;
Chorus: But why did you rush outside?
§1402aφρουρήσουσʼ ὅπως §1403Αἴγισθος ἡμᾶς μὴ λάθῃ μολὼν ἔσω.
Electra: To keep watch, so that Aegisthus may not enter inside without our notice.
§1404αἰαῖ.
Clytemnestra: Alas!
ἰὼ στέγαι §1405φίλων ἔρημοι, τῶν δʼ ἀπολλύντων πλέαι.
O house, empty of friends, but full of destroyers.
§1406βοᾷ τις ἔνδον· οὐκ ἀκούετʼ, ὦ φίλαι;
Electra: Someone cries inside; do you not hear, friends?
§1407ἤκουσʼ ἀνήκουστα δύστανος, ὥστε φρῖξαι.
Chorus: I heard, wretched, things unheard of, so as to shudder.
§1408οἴμοι τάλαινʼ·
Clytemnestra: Ah, wretched me!
Αἴγισθε, ποῦ ποτʼ ὢν κυρεῖς;
Aegisthus, where in the world are you?
§1409ἰδοὺ μάλʼ αὖ θροεῖ τις.
Electra: Look, someone speaks very loudly again.
§1410ὦ τέκνον τέκνον, οἴκτιρε τὴν τεκοῦσαν.
Clytemnestra: O child, child, pity her who bore you!
§1411ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐκ σέθεν §1412ᾠκτίρεθʼ οὗτος οὐδʼ ὁ γεννήσας πατήρ.
Electra: But he received no pity from you, nor did the father who begot him.
§1413ὦ πόλις, ὦ γενεὰ τάλαινα, νῦν σοι §1414μοῖρα καθαμερία φθίνει φθίνει.
Chorus: O city, O wretched race, now your daily doom is wasting away, wasting away.
§1415ὤμοι πέπληγμαι.
Clytemnestra: Ah! I am struck.
§1416παῖσον, εἰ σθένεις, διπλῆν.
Electra: Strike a double blow, if you have strength!
§1417ὤμοι μάλʼ αὖθις.
Clytemnestra: Ah! Yet again.
§1418εἰ γὰρ Αἰγίσθῳ θʼ ὁμοῦ.
Electra: If only to Aegisthus also at the same time!
§1419τελοῦσʼ ἀραί· ζῶσιν οἱ γᾶς ὑπαὶ κείμενοι.
Chorus: The curses are being fulfilled; those lying under the earth are alive.
§1420παλίρρυτον γὰρ αἷμʼ ὑπεξαιροῦσι τῶν §1421κτανόντων οἱ πάλαι θανόντες.
For those dead of old are draining the back-flowing blood from those who slew them.
§1422καὶ μὴν πάρεισιν οἵδε· φοινία δὲ χεὶρ §1423στάζει θυηλῆς Ἄρεος, οὐδʼ ἔχω ψέγειν.
And indeed they are here; and a bloody hand drips with the sacrifice of Ares, nor can I blame it.
§1424Ὀρέστα, πῶς κυρεῖτε;
Electra: Orestes, how is it going with you?
§1424aτἀν δόμοισι μὲν §1425καλῶς, Ἀπόλλων εἰ καλῶς ἐθέσπισεν.
Orestes: Things in the house are well, if Apollo prophesied well.
§1426τέθνηκεν ἡ τάλαινα;
Electra: Is the wretched woman dead?
§1427μηκέτʼ ἐκφοβοῦ §1428μητρῷον ὥς σε λῆμʼ ἀτιμάσει ποτέ.
Orestes: No longer fear that your mother’s spirit will ever dishonor you.
§1429παύσασθε·
Electra: Stop!
λεύσσω γὰρ Αἴγισθον ἐκ προδήλου.
For I see Aegisthus clearly.
§1430ὦ παῖδες, οὐκ ἄψορρον;
Orestes: Young men, will you not go back inside?

Notes

  1. 1340ὑπάρχει γάρ σε μὴ γνῶναί τινα — The verb ὑπάρχει is used impersonally to mean 'it is possible / a baseline condition exists', followed by an accusative and infinitive construction. Here, 'σε' (you) is the object of the infinitive 'γνῶναι', and 'τινα' (anyone) is its subject. Combined with 'μή', it means 'it is possible for no one to recognize you', which fits Orestes' current disguised status.
  2. 1342εἷς τῶν ἐν Ἅιδου μάνθανʼ ἐνθάδʼ ὢν ἀνήρ — The participial phrase 'ἐνθάδʼ ὢν ἀνήρ' (being a man here / living on earth) modifies the subject of the imperative 'μάνθανε' (know/learn), which refers to Orestes himself. It is a self-ironic remark indicating that although he is officially reported dead ('one of those in Hades'), he is physically alive and present.
  3. 1360λόγοις ἀπώλλυς, ἔργʼ ἔχων ἥδιστʼ ἐμοί — This presents an antithesis between 'λόγοις' (by words, i.e., the false report of Orestes' death) and the accusative object 'ἔργα' (deeds/reality, i.e., his actual survival and presence). The participle 'ἔχων' (having/holding) emphasizes that the Paidagogos was torturing her with mere words while actually holding the reality that would bring her the greatest joy.
  4. 1370φροντίζεθʼ ὡς τούτοις τε καὶ σοφωτέροις / ἄλλοισι τούτων πλείοσιν μαχούμενοι — The imperative 'φροντίζεθʼ' (consider/take thought) governs the particle 'ὡς' combined with the future participle 'μαχούμενοι' (about to fight). This construction denotes an expected or inevitable future circumstance that the agents must anticipate and prepare themselves for.
  5. 1411ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐκ σέθεν / ᾠκτίρεθʼ οὗτος — The preposition 'ἐκ' in 'ἐκ σέθεν' (from you) denotes the source of the verbal action (pity). The demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' refers to Orestes, indicating that he (and Agamemnon) received no pity from Clytemnestra in the past, countering her current pleas for mercy.

Cite this passage

Sophocles, Electra §1340-1430. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0011.tlg005.humanitext-grc2:1340-1430

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