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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §8.58.1-8.58.7

Text of the Third Treaty Between Sparta and Persia

Passage 866 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The text of the third treaty concluded between the Lacedaemonians and the Persians, stipulating mutual respect for territory, non-aggression, provisions for the fleet, joint military operations, and conditions for peace.

§8.58.1‘τρίτῳ καὶ δεκάτῳ ἔτει Δαρείου βασιλεύοντος, ἐφορεύοντος δὲ Ἀλεξιππίδα ἐν Λακεδαίμονι, ξυνθῆκαι ἐγένοντο ἐν Μαιάνδρου πεδίῳ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ τῶν ξυμμάχων πρὸς Τισσαφέρνην καὶ Ἱεραμένη καὶ τοὺς Φαρνάκου παῖδας περὶ τῶν βασιλέως πραγμάτων καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ τῶν ξυμμάχων.
'In the thirteenth year of the reign of Darius, while Alexippidas was ephor at Lacedaemon, a treaty was concluded in the plain of the Maeander between the Lacedaemonians and their allies on the one part, and Tissaphernes, Hieramenes, and the sons of Pharnaces on the other, concerning the affairs of the King and those of the Lacedaemonians and their allies.
§8.58.2χώραν τὴν βασιλέως, ὅση τῆς Ἀσίας ἐστί, βασιλέως εἶναι· καὶ περὶ τῆς χώρας τῆς ἑαυτοῦ βουλευέτω βασιλεὺς ὅπως βούλεται.
The country of the King, so much of it as is in Asia, shall belong to the King; and concerning his own country, the King shall decide as he pleases.
§8.58.3Λακεδαιμονίους δὲ καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους μὴ ἰέναι ἐπὶ χώραν τὴν βασιλέως ἐπὶ κακῷ μηδενί, μηδὲ βασιλέα ἐπὶ τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων χώραν μηδὲ τῶν ξυμμάχων ἐπὶ κακῷ μηδενί.
The Lacedaemonians and their allies shall not invade the country of the King for any harm, nor shall the King invade the country of the Lacedaemonians or their allies for any harm.
§8.58.4ἢν δέ τις Λακεδαιμονίων ἢ τῶν ξυμμάχων ἐπὶ κακῷ ἴῃ ἐπὶ τὴν βασιλέως χώραν, Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους κωλύειν· καὶ ἤν τις ἐκ τῆς βασιλέως ἴῃ ἐπὶ κακῷ ἐπὶ Λακεδαιμονίους ἢ τοὺς ξυμμάχους, βασιλεὺς κωλυέτω.
If any of the Lacedaemonians or their allies should invade the country of the King for any harm, the Lacedaemonians and their allies shall prevent it; and if anyone from the King's country should invade the Lacedaemonians or their allies for any harm, the King shall prevent it.
§8.58.5τροφὴν δὲ ταῖς ναυσὶ ταῖς νῦν παρούσαις Τισσαφέρνην παρέχειν κατὰ τὰ ξυγκείμενα μέχρι ἂν αἱ νῆες αἱ βασιλέως ἔλθωσιν· §8.58.6Λακεδαιμονίους δὲ καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους, ἐπὴν αἱ βασιλέως νῆες ἀφίκωνται, τὰς ἑαυτῶν ναῦς, ἢν βούλωνται, τρέφειν ἐφ’ ἑαυτοῖς εἶναι.
Tissaphernes shall supply provisions for the ships now present according to the agreement, until the ships of the King arrive; and when the ships of the King have arrived, it shall be at the option of the Lacedaemonians and their allies to maintain their own ships, if they so wish, at their own expense.
ἢν δὲ παρὰ Τισσαφέρνους λαμβάνειν ἐθέλωσι τὴν τροφήν, Τισσαφέρνην παρέχειν, Λακεδαιμονίους δὲ καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους τελευτῶντος τοῦ πολέμου τὰ χρήματα Τισσαφέρνει ἀποδοῦναι ὁπόσα ἂν λάβωσιν.
But if they wish to receive provisions from Tissaphernes, Tissaphernes shall supply them; and the Lacedaemonians and their allies shall, at the end of the war, repay to Tissaphernes whatever money they have received.
§8.58.7ἐπὴν δὲ αἱ βασιλέως νῆες ἀφίκωνται, αἵ τε Λακεδαιμονίων νῆες καὶ αἱ τῶν ξυμμάχων καὶ αἱ βασιλέως κοινῇ τὸν πόλεμον πολεμούντων καθ’ ὅτι ἂν Τισσαφέρνει δοκῇ καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ τοῖς ξυμμάχοις.
When the ships of the King have arrived, the ships of the Lacedaemonians and their allies and those of the King shall wage the war in common, in such manner as shall seem good to Tissaphernes and the Lacedaemonians and their allies.
ἢν δὲ καταλύειν βούλωνται πρὸς Ἀθηναίους, ἐν ὁμοίῳ καταλύεσθαι. ’
And if they wish to make peace with the Athenians, they shall make peace on equal terms.'

Notes

  1. 8.58.2εἶναι — An infinitive of command (or provision), typical of treaty and legal documents, expressing a stipulation or obligation.
  2. 8.58.6ἐφ’ ἑαυτοῖς εἶναι — The preposition ἐπί with the dative means 'to be in the power of' or 'to be at the disposal of'. Here it indicates that maintaining their own ships is left to their own discretion.
  3. 8.58.7πολεμούντων — The third-person plural present active imperative of πολεμέω. In the formal style of treaties, it expresses a binding stipulation that they shall wage war in common.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §8.58.1-8.58.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.58.1-8.58.7

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