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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §4.21.1-4.21.3

Cleon's Instigation and Athenian Demands for Harsh Peace Terms

Passage 386 of 917 · Greek

Summary

In response to the Lacedaemonian embassy, the Athenians, believing they hold the upper hand with the prisoners, demand harsh peace terms, including the return of lost territories, under the instigation of Cleon.

§4.21.1οἱ μὲν οὖν Λακεδαιμόνιοι τοσαῦτα εἶπον, νομίζοντες τοὺς Ἀθηναίους ἐν τῷ πρὶν χρόνῳ σπονδῶν μὲν ἐπιθυμεῖν, σφῶν δὲ ἐναντιουμένων κωλύεσθαι, διδομένης δὲ εἰρήνης ἀσμένους δέξεσθαί τε καὶ τοὺς ἄνδρας ἀποδώσειν.
The Lacedaemonians spoke thus, thinking that the Athenians had in former times desired peace, but had been prevented by their own opposition, and that now, when peace was offered, they would gladly accept it and restore the men.
§4.21.2οἱ δὲ τὰς μὲν σπονδάς, ἔχοντες τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐν τῇ νήσῳ, ἤδη σφίσιν ἐνόμιζον ἑτοίμους εἶναι, ὁπόταν βούλωνται ποιεῖσθαι πρὸς αὐτούς, τοῦ δὲ πλέονος ὠρέγοντο.
But the Athenians, holding the men on the island, considered that peace with them was already at their disposal whenever they wished to make it, and they were grasping for more.
§4.21.3μάλιστα δὲ αὐτοὺς ἐνῆγε Κλέων ὁ Κλεαινέτου, ἀνὴρ δημαγωγὸς κατ’ ἐκεῖνον τὸν χρόνον ὢν καὶ τῷ πλήθει πιθανώτατος· καὶ ἔπεισεν ἀποκρίνασθαι ὡς χρὴ τὰ μὲν ὅπλα καὶ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς τοὺς ἐν τῇ νήσῳ παραδόντας πρῶτον κομισθῆναι Ἀθήναζε, ἐλθόντων δὲ ἀποδόντας Λακεδαιμονίους Νίσαιαν καὶ Πηγὰς καὶ Τροιζῆνα καὶ Ἀχαΐαν, ἃ οὐ πολέμῳ ἔλαβον, ἀλλ’ ἀπὸ τῆς προτέρας ξυμβάσεως Ἀθηναίων ξυγχωρησάντων κατὰ ξυμφορὰς καὶ ἐν τῷ τότε δεομένων τι μᾶλλον σπονδῶν, κομίσασθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας καὶ σπονδὰς ποιήσασθαι ὁπόσον ἂν δοκῇ χρόνον ἀμφοτέροις.
And Cleon the son of Cleaenetus, a popular leader of that time and most persuasive to the multitude, especially urged them on; and he persuaded them to reply that those on the island must first surrender their arms and themselves and be brought to Athens, and after their arrival, the Lacedaemonians, having restored Nisaea, Pegae, Troezen, and Achaea—which they had taken not by war, but under the former treaty when the Athenians had made concessions due to disasters and were then in greater need of peace—should recover their men and make peace for as long a time as should seem fit to both parties.

Notes

  1. 4.21.1σφῶν δὲ ἐναντιουμένων — The indirect reflexive pronoun σφῶν refers to the subjects of the main thinking action (here, the Lacedaemonians as the subject of the participle νομίζοντες). The phrase σφῶν δὲ ἐναντιουμένων is a genitive absolute meaning 'since they themselves (the Lacedaemonians) opposed it'.
  2. 4.21.3ἐλθόντων δὲ — A genitive absolute with the subject omitted. It is most naturally understood as referring to the Spartan soldiers from the island (τοὺς ἐν τῇ νήσῳ) 'after they had arrived', continuing the context of the preceding κομισθῆναι Ἀθήναζε (to be brought to Athens).
  3. 4.21.3ἀποδόντας — An accusative aorist participle modifying Λακεδαιμονίους, which serves as the subject accusative of the infinitives κομίσασθαι and ποιήσασθαι dependent on the impersonal verb χρή.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §4.21.1-4.21.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.21.1-4.21.3

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