Humanitext Reader

Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §3.75.1-3.75.5

Mediation of Nicostratus and Transfer of the Oligarchs

Passage 324 of 917 · Greek

Summary

The Athenian general Nicostratus attempts to mediate a peace, but mutual distrust causes the oligarchical faction to seek asylum in temples, leading the commons to disarm them and eventually transport them to a nearby island.

§3.75.1τῇ δὲ ἐπιγιγνομένῃ ἡμέρᾳ Νικόστρατος ὁ Διειτρέφους Ἀθηναίων στρατηγὸς παραγίγνεται βοηθῶν ἐκ Ναυπάκτου δώδεκα ναυσὶ καὶ Μεσσηνίων πεντακοσίοις ὁπλίταις·
On the next day, Nicostratus the son of Diitrephes, an Athenian general, arrived from Naupactus to render assistance, with twelve ships and five hundred Messenian hoplites.
ξύμβασίν τε ἔπρασσε καὶ πείθει ὥστε ξυγχωρῆσαι ἀλλήλοις δέκα μὲν ἄνδρας τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους κρῖναι, οἳ οὐκέτι ἔμειναν, τοὺς δ’ ἄλλους οἰκεῖν σπονδὰς πρὸς ἀλλήλους ποιησαμένους καὶ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους, ὥστε τοὺς αὐτοὺς ἐχθροὺς καὶ φίλους νομίζειν.
He began to negotiate a settlement, and persuaded them to agree with one another to put on trial ten men who were most responsible (who, however, did not remain), and that the others should dwell in peace, having made a treaty with one another and with the Athenians, so as to hold the same people for enemies and friends.
§3.75.2καὶ ὁ μὲν ταῦτα πράξας ἔμελλεν ἀποπλεύσεσθαι· οἱ δὲ τοῦ δήμου προστάται πείθουσιν αὐτὸν πέντε μὲν ναῦς τῶν αὐτοῦ σφίσι καταλιπεῖν, ὅπως ἧσσόν τι ἐν κινήσει ὦσιν οἱ ἐναντίοι, ἴσας δὲ αὐτοὶ πληρώσαντες ἐκ σφῶν αὐτῶν ξυμπέμψειν.
Having accomplished this, he was about to sail away; but the leaders of the commons persuaded him to leave five of his own ships with them, in order that their opponents might be less inclined to cause trouble, and they themselves, having manned an equal number from their own people, would send them along with him.
§3.75.3καὶ ὁ μὲν ξυνεχώρησεν, οἱ δὲ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς κατέλεγον ἐς τὰς ναῦς.
He agreed, and they proceeded to enroll their enemies for the ships.
δείσαντες δὲ ἐκεῖνοι μὴ ἐς τὰς Ἀθήνας ἀποπεμφθῶσι καθίζουσιν ἐς τὸ τῶν Διοσκόρων ἱερόν.
But the latter, fearing that they would be sent off to Athens, seated themselves as suppliants in the temple of the Dioscuri.
§3.75.4Νικόστρατος δὲ αὐτοὺς ἀνίστη τε καὶ παρεμυθεῖτο.
Nicostratus tried to make them rise and comforted them.
ὡς δ’ οὐκ ἔπειθεν, ὁ δῆμος ὁπλισθεὶς ἐπὶ τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ, ὡς οὐδὲν αὐτῶν ὑγιὲς διανοουμένων τῇ τοῦ μὴ ξυμπλεῖν ἀπιστίᾳ, τά τε ὅπλα αὐτῶν ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν ἔλαβε καὶ αὐτῶν τινὰς οἷς ἐπέτυχον, εἰ μὴ Νικόστρατος ἐκώλυσε, διέφθειραν ἄν.
But when he could not persuade them, the commons, arming themselves on this pretext—namely, that the refusal to sail was proof of their having no good intentions—took their weapons from their houses and would have put some of them to death, whomsoever they happened to meet, if Nicostratus had not prevented them.
§3.75.5ὁρῶντες δὲ οἱ ἄλλοι τὰ γιγνόμενα καθίζουσιν ἐς τὸ Ἥραιον ἱκέται καὶ γίγνονται οὐκ ἐλάσσους τετρακοσίων.
The others, seeing what was happening, seated themselves as suppliants in the Heraeum, and they numbered no fewer than four hundred.
ὁ δὲ δῆμος δείσας μή τι νεωτερίσωσιν ἀνίστησί τε αὐτοὺς πείσας καὶ διακομίζει ἐς τὴν πρὸ τοῦ Ἡραίου νῆσον, καὶ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἐκεῖσε αὐτοῖς διεπέμπετο.
But the commons, fearing that they might make some revolutionary attempt, persuaded them to rise and transported them to the island in front of the Heraeum, and provisions were sent over to them there.

Notes

  1. §3.75.1ὥστε ξυγχωρῆσαι ἀλλήλοις δέκα μὲν ἄνδρας τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους κρῖναι, ..., τοὺς δ’ ἄλλους οἰκεῖν — This is a ὥστε clause expressing result, dependent on πείθει ('persuades'). Within this clause, the two infinitives κρῖναι ('to judge') and οἰκεῖν ('to dwell') function as the contents of the agreement expressed by ξυγχωρῆσαι ('to agree with one another'). The accusative τοὺς δ’ ἄλλους acts as the subject of οἰκεῖν.
  2. §3.75.4ὡς οὐδὲν αὐτῶν ὑγιὲς διανοουμένων τῇ τοῦ μὴ ξυμπλεῖν ἀπιστίᾳ — αὐτῶν ... διανοουμένων is a genitive absolute construction, accompanied by ὡς to represent the subjective reason alleged by the commons. τῇ ... ἀπιστίᾳ is a dative of means or cause ('by their refusal'), with the articular infinitive in the genitive τοῦ μὴ ξυμπλεῖν ('not sailing with them') modifying ἀπιστίᾳ.
  3. §3.75.4καὶ αὐτῶν τινὰς οἷς ἐπέτυχον, εἰ μὴ Νικόστρατος ἐκώλυσε, διέφθειραν ἄν — This is a past contrary-to-fact conditional sentence. The protasis is εἰ μὴ ... ἐκώλυσε (indicative aorist) and the apodosis is διέφθειραν ἄν (indicative aorist with ἄν). The clause οἷς ἐπέτυχον ('whomsoever they met') features a relative pronoun attracted to the dative case governed by the verb ἐπιτυγχάνω, functioning as the object of διέφθειραν.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §3.75.1-3.75.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.75.1-3.75.5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.