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Thucydides · History of the Peloponnesian War §2.98.1-2.98.4

Sitalces' March to Macedonia and the Growth of His Army

Passage 244 of 917 · Greek

Summary

Sitalces prepares his army and marches toward Macedonia, crossing a desert mountain via a road he had previously cleared. Along the way, his forces are joined by many independent Thracians attracted by plunder, swelling the army to 150,000 men.

§2.98.1Σιτάλκης μὲν οὖν χώρας τοσαύτης βασιλεύων παρεσκευάζετο τὸν στρατόν.
Sitalces then, ruling over so great a territory, was preparing his army.
καὶ ἐπειδὴ αὐτῷ ἑτοῖμα ἦν, ἄρας ἐπορεύετο ἐπὶ τὴν Μακεδονίαν πρῶτον μὲν διὰ τῆς αὑτοῦ ἀρχῆς, ἔπειτα διὰ Κερκίνης ἐρήμου ὄρους, ὅ ἐστι μεθόριον Σιντῶν καὶ Παιόνων·
And when everything was ready for him, he set out and marched toward Macedonia, first through his own territory, and then through the desert mountain Cercine, which is the boundary between the Sinti and the Paeonians.
ἐπορεύετο δὲ δι’ αὐτοῦ τῇ ὁδῷ ἣν πρότερον αὐτὸς ἐποιήσατο τεμὼν τὴν ὕλην, ὅτε ἐπὶ Παίονας ἐστράτευσεν.
He marched through it by the road which he himself had previously made by cutting down the forest when he campaigned against the Paeonians.
§2.98.2τὸ δὲ ὄρος ἐξ Ὀδρυσῶν διιόντες ἐν δεξιᾷ μὲν εἶχον Παίονας, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ Σιντοὺς καὶ Μαιδούς.
Crossing the mountain from the country of the Odrysians, they had the Paeonians on their right, and the Sinti and Maedi on their left.
διελθόντες δὲ αὐτὸ ἀφίκοντο ἐς Δόβηρον τὴν Παιονικήν.
And having passed through it, they arrived at Doberus in Paeonia.
§2.98.3πορευομένῳ δὲ αὐτῷ ἀπεγίγνετο μὲν οὐδὲν τοῦ στρατοῦ εἰ μή τι νόσῳ, προσεγίγνετο δέ· πολλοὶ γὰρ τῶν αὐτονόμων Θρᾳκῶν ἀπαράκλητοι ἐφ’ ἁρπαγὴν ἠκολούθουν, ὥστε τὸ πᾶν πλῆθος λέγεται οὐκ ἔλασσον πέντε καὶ δέκα μυριάδων γενέσθαι·
As he marched, no part of his army was lost except by disease, but rather it was increased; for many of the independent Thracians followed him unsummoned for the sake of plunder, so that the whole multitude is said to have become not less than a hundred and fifty thousand.
§2.98.4καὶ τούτου τὸ μὲν πλέον πεζὸν ἦν, τριτημόριον δὲ μάλιστα ἱππικόν.
And of this, the greater part was infantry, and about one-third was cavalry.
τοῦ δ’ ἱππικοῦ τὸ πλεῖστον αὐτοὶ Ὀδρύσαι παρείχοντο καὶ μετ’ αὐτοὺς Γέται.
Of the cavalry, the Odrysians themselves furnished the greatest part, and after them the Getae.
τοῦ δὲ πεζοῦ οἱ μαχαιροφόροι μαχιμώτατοι μὲν ἦσαν οἱ ἐκ τῆς Ῥοδόπης αὐτόνομοι καταβάντες, ὁ δὲ ἄλλος ὅμιλος ξύμμεικτος πλήθει φοβερώτατος ἠκολούθει.
Of the infantry, the sword-bearing independent Thracians who came down from Rhodope were the most warlike, while the rest of the mixed multitude followed, most formidable in their numbers.

Notes

  1. §2.98.1ἑτοῖμα ἦν — The neuter plural adjective ἑτοῖμα serves as the subject with the singular verb ἦν in an impersonal sense, meaning 'things were ready'. This reflects the standard Greek grammatical rule that neuter plural subjects take singular verbs.
  2. §2.98.3πορευομένῳ δὲ αὐτῷ — Dative of interest or relation ('as he marched'). It functions with the verb ἀπεγίγνετο ('was lost') and the partitive genitive τοῦ στρατοῦ ('of the army') to mean 'nothing of the army was lost to him as he marched'.
  3. §2.98.4τοῦ δὲ πεζοῦ — Partitive genitive referring to the infantry (τὸ πεζόν, here in the genitive singular τοῦ πεζοῦ), meaning 'of the infantry, the sword-bearers...'.

Cite this passage

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War §2.98.1-2.98.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:2.98.1-2.98.4

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