- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:4.3.11.pr-4.3.11.1
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-08
It is explained that the action for fraud (actio de dolo), due to its infamous character, should not be granted in certain status relationships or between persons of widely different social standing, and an alternative remedy with moderated terms is proposed.
[ULPIANUS libro undecimo ad edictum.]
[ULPIAN, book eleven on the Edict.]
non debet dari.
ought not to be granted.
Et quibusdam personis non dabitur, ut puta liberis uel libertis aduersus parentes patronosue, cum sit famosa.1 sed nec humili aduersus eum qui dignitate excellet debet dari: puta plebeio aduersus consularem receptae auctoritatis, uel luxurioso atque prodigo aut alias uili aduersus hominem uitae emendatioris. et ita Labeo. quid ergo est? in horum persona dicendum est in factum uerbis temperandam actionem dandam,2 ut bonae fidei mentio fiat,
And it will not be granted to certain persons, as for example to children or freedmen against parents or patrons, since it entails infamy. But neither ought it to be granted to a person of humble station against one who excels in dignity: for instance, to a plebeian against a consular of established authority, or to a profligate and spendthrift, or someone otherwise of low character, against a man of more upright life. And so Labeo holds. What then is the position? In the case of these persons, it must be said that an action on the facts, moderated in its terms, should be granted, so that mention of good faith may be made,
- 4.3.11.1cum sit famosa
The conjunction cum introduces a causal clause with the subjunctive sit. The subject of the adjective famosa (infamous, involving infamy) is the implied actio de dolo (action for fraud). This explains why the action is restricted against superiors, as a judgment against the defendant entails infamy.
- 4.3.11.1in factum uerbis temperandam actionem dandam
An accusative with infinitive construction (with ellipsis of esse) dependent on the impersonal dicendum est. The subject is actionem, and the predicates are dandam [esse] and temperandam [esse]. The phrase in factum modifies actionem, indicating an action on the facts (actio in factum), while uerbis temperandam (moderated in its terms) functions as a predicate adjective explaining that the wording of the formula should be softened to avoid infamy.