§3.12.1ἰόντι δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἀγορᾶς κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἣν Ἀφεταΐδα ὀνομάζουσι, τὰ καλούμενα Βοώνητά ἐστι· καί με ὁ λόγος ἀπαιτεῖ πρότερα εἰπεῖν τὰ ἐς τὴν ἐπίκλησιν τῆς ὁδοῦ.
To one going from the marketplace along the road which they name Aphetaïs, there is the so-called Boöneta; and my narrative requires me first to tell the things regarding the name of the road.
τοῖς μνηστῆρσιν Ἰκάριον τῆς Πηνελόπης φασὶν ἀγῶνα προθεῖναι δρόμου· καὶ ὅτι μὲν Ὀδυσσεὺς ἐκράτει, δῆλά ἐστιν, ἀφεθῆναι δὲ αὐτοὺς λέγουσιν ἐς τὸν δρόμον διὰ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς Ἀφεταΐδος.
They say that Icarius proposed a race for the suitors of Penelope; and that Odysseus won is clear, but they say that they were let go for the race along the road of Aphetaïs.
§3.12.2δοκεῖν δʼ ἐμοὶ δρόμου Ἰκάριος τὸ ἀγώνισμα ἐποίησε μιμούμενος Δαναόν.
In my opinion, Icarius made the contest of the race in imitation of Danaus.
Δαναῷ γὰρ τοῦτο ἐπὶ ταῖς θυγατράσιν εὑρέθη, καὶ ὡς γυναῖκα οὐδεὶς ἤθελεν ἐξ αὐτῶν διὰ τὸ μίασμα ἀγαγέσθαι, διέπεμπε δὴ ὁ Δαναὸς ἕδνων ἄνευ δώσειν ᾗ ἂν ἕκαστος κατὰ κάλλος ἀρέσκηται·
For this was devised by Danaus for his daughters; since no one wished to take any of them as a wife because of the pollution, Danaus sent word that he would give them without bride-gifts, to whomsoever each might please according to her beauty.
ἀφικομένοις δὲ ἀνδράσιν οὐ πολλοῖς ἀγῶνα δρόμου κατέστησε, καὶ πρώτῳ τε ἐλθόντι ἐγένετο ἑλέσθαι πρώτῳ τῶν ἄλλων καὶ μετʼ ἐκεῖνον τῷ δευτέρῳ καὶ ἤδη κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ἄχρι τοῦ τελευταίου· τὰς δὲ ὑπολειφθείσας μένειν ἔφοδον ἄλλην μνηστήρων ἔδει καὶ ἀγῶνα ἄλλον δρόμου.
And when not many men had arrived, he established a race, and it was possible for the one who came first to choose first of the others, and after him for the second, and so on in the same way down to the last; and those who were left behind had to wait for another arrival of suitors and another race.
§3.12.3Λακεδαιμονίοις δὲ κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην ἐστίν, ὡς ἤδη λέλεκταί μοι, τὰ ὀνομαζόμενα Βοώνητα, Πολυδώρου ποτὲ οἰκία τοῦ βασιλέως· ἀποθανόντος δὲ παρὰ τοῦ Πολυδώρου τῆς γυναικὸς ἐπρίαντο ἀντιδόντες βοῦς.
And for the Lacedaemonians along this road there is, as has already been said by me, the so-called Boöneta, which was once the house of Polydorus the king; and when he died, they bought it from the wife of Polydorus, giving oxen in exchange.
ἀργύρου γὰρ οὐκ ἦν πω τότε οὐδὲ χρυσοῦ νόμισμα, κατὰ τρόπον δὲ ἔτι τὸν ἀρχαῖον ἀντεδίδοσαν βοῦς καὶ ἀνδράποδα καὶ ἀργὸν τὸν ἄργυρον καὶ χρυσόν·
For there was not yet at that time coin of silver or of gold, but according to the ancient fashion they still gave in exchange oxen, slaves, and uncoined silver and gold.
§3.12.4οἱ δὲ ἐς τὴν Ἰνδικὴν ἐσπλέοντες φορτίων φασὶν Ἑλληνικῶν τοὺς Ἰνδοὺς ἀγώγιμα ἄλλα ἀνταλλάσσεσθαι, νόμισμα δὲ οὐκ ἐπίστασθαι, καὶ ταῦτα χρυσοῦ τε ἀφθόνου καὶ χαλκοῦ παρόντος σφίσι.
And those who sail to India say that the Indians exchange other commodities for Greek cargoes, but do not understand coin, and this although they have abundant gold and bronze.
τοῦ δὲ τῶν Βιδιαίων ἀρχείου πέραν ἐστὶν Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερόν· Ὀδυσσεὺς δὲ ἱδρύσασθαι τὸ ἄγαλμα λέγεται καὶ ὀνομάσαι Κελεύθειαν, τοὺς Πηνελόπης μνηστῆρας τῷ δρόμῳ νικήσας.
Opposite the office of the Bidiaei is a temple of Athena; and Odysseus is said to have dedicated the statue and named it Celeuthea, having defeated the suitors of Penelope in the race.
ἱδρύσατο δὲ τῆς Κελευθείας ἱερὰ ἀριθμῷ τρία διεστηκότα ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων.
And he dedicated three temples of Celeuthea in number, standing apart from one another.
§3.12.5προϊόντων δὲ κατὰ τὴν Ἀφεταΐδα ἡρῷά ἐστιν Ἴοπός τε κατὰ Λέλεγα ἢ Μύλητα γενέσθαι δοκοῦντος καὶ Ἀμφιαράου τοῦ Ὀικλέους· τοῦτο δὲ τοὺς Τυνδάρεω παῖδας νομίζουσιν ἅτε ἀνεψιῷ τῷ Ἀμφιαράῳ ποιῆσαι·
As one goes on along the Aphetaïs, there are hero-shrines of Iopus, who is thought to have lived in the time of Lelex or Myles, and of Amphiaraus the son of Oicles; and they think that the sons of Tyndareus made this for Amphiaraus, since he was their cousin.
καὶ αὐτοῦ Λέλεγός ἐστιν ἡρῷον, τούτων δὲ οὐ πόρρω τέμενος Ποσειδῶνος —Ταινάριον δὲ ἐπονομάζουσιν—
And there is a hero-shrine of Lelex himself, and not far from these a sanctuary of Poseidon, whom they surname Taenarius.
§3.12.6οὐ μακρὰν δὲ Ἀθηνᾶς ἄγαλμα, ὃ τοὺς ἐς Ἰταλίαν τε καὶ Τάραντα ἀποικισθέντας ἀναθεῖναι λέγουσι.
Not far off is a statue of Athena, which they say those who colonized Italy and Tarentum dedicated.
τὸ δὲ χωρίον, ὃ καλοῦσιν Ἑλλήνιον, ἐστὶν εἰρημένον ὡς οἱ τῶν Ἑλλήνων Ξέρξην διαβαίνοντα ἐς τὴν Εὐρώπην παρεσκευάζοντο ἀμυνούμενοι, κατὰ τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον βουλευσάμενοι τρόπον ὅντινα ἀνθέξουσιν.
And the place which they call Hellenium is said to be where those of the Greeks who were preparing to resist Xerxes when he was crossing into Europe deliberated in this place as to how they should hold out.
ὁ δὲ ἕτερος τῶν λόγων τοὺς Μενελάου χάριτι στρατεύσαντας ἐπὶ Ἴλιον βουλεύσασθαί φησιν ἐνταῦθα ὅπως ἀναπλεῦσαί τε ἐς Τροίαν καὶ δίκας δυνήσονται παρὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου λαβεῖν τῆς Ἑλένης ἁρπαγῆς.
But the other account says that those who campaigned against Ilium for the sake of Menelaus deliberated here how they might sail to Troy and be able to exact justice from Alexander for the abduction of Helen.
§3.12.7τοῦ δὲ Ἑλληνίου πλησίον Ταλθυβίου μνῆμα ἀποφαίνουσι· δεικνύουσι δὲ καὶ Ἀχαιῶν Αἰγιεῖς ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς, Ταλθυβίου καὶ οὗτοι φάμενοι μνῆμα εἶναι.
Near the Hellenium they point out the monument of Talthybius; and the Aegieans of the Achaeans also show one in their marketplace, they too saying that it is the monument of Talthybius.
Ταλθυβίου δὲ τούτου μήνιμα ἐπὶ τῷ φόνῳ τῶν κηρύκων, οἳ παρὰ βασιλέως Δαρείου γῆν τε καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτήσοντες ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἐπέμφθησαν, Λακεδαιμονίοις μὲν ἐπεσήμαινεν ἐς τὸ δημόσιον, ἐν Ἀθήναις δὲ ἰδίᾳ τε καὶ ἐς ἑνὸς οἶκον ἀνδρὸς κατέσκηψε Μιλτιάδου τοῦ Κίμωνος· ἐγεγόνει δὲ καὶ τῶν κηρύκων τοῖς ἐλθοῦσιν ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ὁ Μιλτιάδης ἀποθανεῖν αἴτιος ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων.
The wrath of this Talthybius, on account of the murder of the heralds who were sent to Greece from King Darius to demand earth and water, manifested itself to the Lacedaemonians against the state, but in Athens it fell privately upon the house of one man, Miltiades the son of Cimon; for Miltiades had also been responsible for the death of the heralds who came to Attica at the hands of the Athenians.
§3.12.8Λακεδαιμονίοις δὲ ἔστι μὲν Ἀπόλλωνος Ἀκρίτα βωμός, ἔστι δʼ ἐπονομαζόμενον Γάσηπτον ἱερὸν Γῆς· Ἀπόλλων δὲ ὑπὲρ αὐτὸ ἵδρυται Μαλεάτης.
And for the Lacedaemonians there is an altar of Apollo Acritas, and a sanctuary of Earth named Gasepton; and above it Apollo Maleates is dedicated.
ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ πέρατι τῆς Ἀφεταΐδος, ἐγγύτατα ἤδη τοῦ τείχους, Δικτύννης ἐστὶν ἱερὸν καὶ βασίλειοι τάφοι τῶν καλουμένων Εὐρυπωντιδῶν· παρὰ δὲ τὸ Ἑλλήνιον Ἀρσινόης ἱερόν, Λευκίππου τε θυγατρὸς καὶ γυναικῶν τῶν Πολυδεύκους καὶ Κάστορος ἀδελφῆς.
At the end of the Aphetaïs, very near now to the wall, is a sanctuary of Dictynna and the royal tombs of those called the Eurypontids; and beside the Hellenium is a sanctuary of Arsinoe, daughter of Leucippus and sister of the wives of Polydeuces and Castor.
πρὸς δὲ τοῖς Φρουρίοις καλουμένοις ναός ἐστιν Ἀρτέμιδος, καὶ προελθοῦσιν ὀλίγον πεποίηται μνῆμα τοῖς ἐξ Ἤλιδος μάντεσι, καλουμένοις δὲ Ἰαμίδαις.
And near the so-called Phruria is a temple of Artemis, and as one goes on a little, there is a monument made for the prophets from Elis, who are called the Iamidae.
§3.12.9καὶ Μάρωνός ἐστιν ἱερὸν καὶ Ἀλφειοῦ· Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ τῶν ἐς Θερμοπύλας στρατευσαμένων λόγου μάλιστα ἀξίως μαχέσασθαι μετά γε αὐτὸν δοκοῦσι Λεωνίδαν.
There is also a sanctuary of Maron and of Alpheus; and of the Lacedaemonians who campaigned to Thermopylae, they are thought to have fought most worthily of mention after Leonidas himself.
τοῦ δὲ Τροπαίου Διὸς τὸ ἱερὸν ἐποίησαν οἱ Δωριεῖς πολέμῳ τούς τε ἄλλους Ἀχαιούς, οἳ γῆν τὴν Λακωνικὴν τηνικαῦτα εἶχον, καὶ τοὺς Ἀμυκλαιεῖς κρατήσαντες.
And the temple of Zeus Tropaeus was built by the Dorians having defeated in war both the other Achaeans, who then held the Laconic land, and the Amyclaeans.
τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τῆς Μεγάλης μητρὸς τιμᾶται περισσῶς δή τι.
And the sanctuary of the Great Mother is honored exceedingly.
μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸ ἡρῷα Ἱππολύτου τέ ἐστι τοῦ Θησέως καὶ Αὐλῶνος Ἀρκάδος, υἱοῦ δὲ Τλησιμένους· Τλησιμένην δὲ Παρθενοπαίου τοῦ Μελανίωνος ἀδελφόν, οἱ δὲ παῖδα εἶναι λέγουσιν.
After it are hero-shrines of Hippolytus the son of Theseus, and of Aulon the Arcadian, son of Tlesimenes; and they say Tlesimenes was a brother, or others say a son, of Parthenopaeus the son of Melanion.
§3.12.10ἑτέρα δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἀγορᾶς ἐστιν ἔξοδος, καθʼ ἣν πεποίηταί σφισιν ἡ καλουμένη Σκιάς, ἔνθα καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἐκκλησιάζουσι.
There is another exit from the marketplace, at which there has been built for them the so-called Skias, where even now they still hold assembly.
ταύτην τὴν Σκιάδα Θεοδώρου τοῦ Σαμίου φασὶν εἶναι ποίημα, ὃς πρῶτος διαχέαι σίδηρον εὗρε καὶ ἀγάλματα ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ πλάσαι.
This Skias they say is the work of Theodorus of Samos, who first discovered how to melt iron and mould statues from it.
ἐνταῦθα ἐκρέμασαν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὴν Τιμοθέου τοῦ Μιλησίου κιθάραν, καταγνόντες ὅτι χορδαῖς ἑπτὰ ταῖς ἀρχαίαις ἐφεῦρεν ἐν τῇ κιθαρῳδίᾳ τέσσαρας χορδάς.
There the Lacedaemonians hung up the lyre of Timotheus of Miletus, having condemned him because instead of the seven ancient strings he discovered four strings in his lyre-playing.
§3.12.11πρὸς δὲ τῇ Σκιάδι οἰκοδόμημά ἐστι περιφερές, ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ Διὸς καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἀγάλματα ἐπίκλησιν Ὀλυμπίων· τοῦτο Ἐπιμενίδην κατασκευάσαι λέγουσιν, οὐχ ὁμολογοῦντες τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν Ἀργείοις, ὅπου μηδὲ πολεμῆσαί φασι πρὸς Κνωσσίους.
And near the Skias is a circular building, and in it are statues of Zeus and Aphrodite surnamed Olympian; this they say Epimenides constructed, not agreeing with the Argives in the stories about him, since they say he did not even fight against the Cnossians.