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Herodotus · Histories §8.25.1-8.25.3

Inspection of Thermopylae and Xerxes' Exposed Trickery

Passage 1327 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

Following Xerxes' invitation, many came to view the battlefield, but his deception to conceal the Persian casualties was easily seen through. The next day, the visitors returned, and Xerxes' forces resumed their march.

§8.25.1ταῦτα ἐπαγγειλαμένου, μετὰ ταῦτα οὐδὲν ἐγίνετο πλοίων σπανιώτερον· οὕτω πολλοὶ ἤθελον θεήσασθαι.
When the herald made this proclamation, after this nothing became scarcer than boats; so many were those who wished to see the sight.
διαπεραιωθέντες δὲ ἐθηεῦντο διεξιόντες τοὺς νεκρούς· πάντες δὲ ἠπιστέατο τοὺς κειμένους εἶναι πάντας Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ Θεσπιέας, ὁρῶντες καὶ τοὺς εἵλωτας.
Having crossed over, they went through and viewed the dead; and everyone believed that all those who lay there were Lacedaemonians and Thespians, though they were also seeing the helots.
§8.25.2οὐ μὲν οὐδʼ ἐλάνθανε τοὺς διαβεβηκότας Ξέρξης ταῦτα πρήξας περὶ τοὺς νεκροὺς τοὺς ἑωυτοῦ· καὶ γὰρ δὴ καὶ γελοῖον ἦν·
Yet it did not escape the notice of those who had crossed over that Xerxes had done this with regard to his own dead; indeed, it was even ridiculous.
τῶν μὲν χίλιοι ἐφαίνοντο νεκροὶ κείμενοι, οἳ δὲ πάντες ἐκέατο ἁλέες συγκεκομισμένοι ἐς τὠυτὸ χωρίον, τέσσερες χιλιάδες.
For of the one side, only a thousand dead were seen lying there, while the others all lay gathered together in the same place, four thousand of them.
§8.25.3ταύτην μὲν τὴν ἡμέρην πρὸς θέην ἐτράποντο, τῇ δʼ ὑστεραίῃ οἳ μὲν ἀπέπλεον ἐς Ἱστιαίην ἐπὶ τὰς νέας, οἱ δὲ ἀμφὶ Ξέρξην ἐς ὁδὸν ὁρμέατο.
On that day they turned to viewing the sight, but on the next, the one group sailed back to Histiaea to their ships, while those around Xerxes set out on their march.

Notes

  1. §8.25.1ταῦτα ἐπαγγειλαμένου — Genitive absolute construction where the semantic subject (the herald, κῆρυξ, from the preceding sentence) is omitted.
  2. §8.25.2οὐ μὲν οὐδʼ ἐλάνθανε τοὺς διαβεβηκότας Ξέρξης ταῦτα πρήξας — A combination of the negative with the adverbial οὐ μὲν οὐδʼ and the construction of λανθάνω + participle (πρήξας). It functions as a double negative, meaning 'it did not escape the notice of those who had crossed over that Xerxes had done this,' emphasizing that his trick was fully detected.
  3. §8.25.2τῶν μὲν ... οἳ δὲ ... — Contrastive pronominal structure. τῶν μὲν refers to the dead of the Persian side (the remaining one thousand), while οἳ δὲ refers to the Greek dead (all four thousand gathered together).

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §8.25.1-8.25.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.25.1-8.25.3

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