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Homer · Iliad §12.69-12.138

Trojan Advance in Five Units and Charge of Asius

Passage 104 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Following Polydamas' advice, the Trojans leave their chariots by the ditch, divide into five divisions, and advance on foot towards the Achaean wall. However, Asius foolishly drives his chariot directly toward the gates, where two brave Lapith warriors, Polypoetes and Leonteus, stand firm to defend the entrance.

§12.69ἦ τʼ ἂν ἔγωγʼ ἐθέλοιμι καὶ αὐτίκα τοῦτο γενέσθαι, §12.70νωνύμνους ἀπολέσθαι ἀπʼ Ἄργεος ἐνθάδʼ Ἀχαιούς·
"Indeed I would wish even that this should happen immediately, that the Achaeans should perish here nameless, far from Argos.
§12.71εἰ δέ χʼ ὑποστρέψωσι, παλίωξις δὲ γένηται §12.72ἐκ νηῶν καὶ τάφρῳ ἐνιπλήξωμεν ὀρυκτῇ, §12.73οὐκέτʼ ἔπειτʼ ὀΐω οὐδʼ ἄγγελον ἀπονέεσθαι §12.74ἄψορρον προτὶ ἄστυ ἑλιχθέντων ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν.
But if they should turn back, and a counter-attack should come from the ships, and we should be driven into the dug ditch, then indeed I think not even a single messenger will return back to the city, of those of us who are turned back by the Achaeans.
§12.75ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὡς ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω πειθώμεθα πάντες· §12.76ἵππους μὲν θεράποντες ἐρυκόντων ἐπὶ τάφρῳ, §12.77αὐτοὶ δὲ πρυλέες σὺν τεύχεσι θωρηχθέντες §12.78Ἕκτορι πάντες ἑπώμεθʼ ἀολλέες· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ §12.79οὐ μενέουσʼ εἰ δή σφιν ὀλέθρου πείρατʼ ἐφῆπται. §12.80ὣς φάτο Πουλυδάμας, ἅδε δʼ Ἕκτορι μῦθος ἀπήμων, §12.81αὐτίκα δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε.
But come, let us all obey as I shall say: let the attendants hold back the horses at the ditch, and let us ourselves, as foot soldiers clad in our armor, follow all together after Hector; and the Achaeans will not stand firm, if indeed the bonds of destruction are fastened upon them." Thus Polydamas spoke, and his safe counsel pleased Hector; and immediately he leaped in his armor from his chariot to the ground.
§12.82οὐδὲ μὲν ἄλλοι Τρῶες ἐφʼ ἵππων ἠγερέθοντο, §12.83ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ πάντες ὄρουσαν, ἐπεὶ ἴδον Ἕκτορα δῖον.
Nor indeed did the other Trojans remain gathered on their horses, but they all leaped down, when they saw divine Hector.
§12.84ἡνιόχῳ μὲν ἔπειτα ἑῷ ἐπέτελλεν ἕκαστος §12.85ἵππους εὖ κατὰ κόσμον ἐρυκέμεν αὖθʼ ἐπὶ τάφρῳ·
Then each one commanded his own charioteer to hold back the horses well in order there at the ditch.
§12.86οἳ δὲ διαστάντες σφέας αὐτοὺς ἀρτύναντες §12.87πένταχα κοσμηθέντες ἅμʼ ἡγεμόνεσσιν ἕποντο.
But they, drawing apart and marshaling themselves, having set themselves in order in five divisions, followed along with their leaders.
§12.88οἳ μὲν ἅμʼ Ἕκτορʼ ἴσαν καὶ ἀμύμονι Πουλυδάμαντι, §12.89οἳ πλεῖστοι καὶ ἄριστοι ἔσαν, μέμασαν δὲ μάλιστα §12.90τεῖχος ῥηξάμενοι κοίλῃς ἐπὶ νηυσὶ μάχεσθαι.
Those on the one hand went with Hector and blameless Polydamas, who were the most numerous and the best, and were most eager to break through the wall and fight at the hollow ships.
§12.91καί σφιν Κεβριόνης τρίτος εἵπετο· πὰρ δʼ ἄρʼ ὄχεσφιν §12.92ἄλλον Κεβριόναο χερείονα κάλλιπεν Ἕκτωρ.
And Cebriones followed them as a third; and by the chariot Hector left another, inferior to Cebriones.
§12.93τῶν δʼ ἑτέρων Πάρις ἦρχε καὶ Ἀλκάθοος καὶ Ἀγήνωρ, §12.94τῶν δὲ τρίτων Ἕλενος καὶ Δηΐφοβος θεοειδὴς §12.95υἷε δύω Πριάμοιο· τρίτος δʼ ἦν Ἄσιος ἥρως §12.96Ἄσιος Ὑρτακίδης, ὃν Ἀρίσβηθεν φέρον ἵπποι §12.97αἴθωνες μεγάλοι ποταμοῦ ἄπο Σελλήεντος.
The second division Paris led, and Alcantheus, and Agenor; and the third Helenus and godlike Deiphobus, two sons of Priam; and the third leader was the hero Asius, Asius son of Hyrtacus, whom his big, fiery horses had brought from Arisbe, from the river Selleis.
§12.98τῶν δὲ τετάρτων ἦρχεν ἐῢς πάϊς Ἀγχίσαο §12.99Αἰνείας, ἅμα τῷ γε δύω Ἀντήνορος υἷε §12.100Ἀρχέλοχός τʼ Ἀκάμας τε μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης.
And of the fourth division the brave son of Anchises led, Aeneas, and with him the two sons of Antenor, Archelochus and Acamas, well skilled in every kind of fighting.
§12.101Σαρπηδὼν δʼ ἡγήσατʼ ἀγακλειτῶν ἐπικούρων, §12.102πρὸς δʼ ἕλετο Γλαῦκον καὶ ἀρήϊον Ἀστεροπαῖον· §12.103οἳ γάρ οἱ εἴσαντο διακριδὸν εἶναι ἄριστοι §12.104τῶν ἄλλων μετά γʼ αὐτόν· ὃ δʼ ἔπρεπε καὶ διὰ πάντων.
And Sarpedon led the glorious allies, and chose as his helpers Glaucus and warlike Asteropaeus; for these seemed to him to be conspicuously the best of the others after himself; but he himself was preeminent even among all.
§12.105οἳ δʼ ἐπεὶ ἀλλήλους ἄραρον τυκτῇσι βόεσσι §12.106βάν ῥʼ ἰθὺς Δαναῶν λελιημένοι, οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἔφαντο §12.107σχήσεσθʼ, ἀλλʼ ἐν νηυσὶ μελαίνῃσιν πεσέεσθαι.
And they, when they had fitted together their shields of sturdy ox-hide, went straight against the Danai, full of eagerness, nor did they think they would any longer be held back, but would fall upon the black ships.
§12.108ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι Τρῶες τηλεκλειτοί τʼ ἐπίκουροι §12.109βουλῇ Πουλυδάμαντος ἀμωμήτοιο πίθοντο· §12.110ἀλλʼ οὐχ Ὑρτακίδης ἔθελʼ Ἄσιος ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν §12.111αὖθι λιπεῖν ἵππους τε καὶ ἡνίοχον θεράποντα, §12.112ἀλλὰ σὺν αὐτοῖσιν πέλασεν νήεσσι θοῇσι §12.113νήπιος, οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔμελλε κακὰς ὑπὸ κῆρας ἀλύξας §12.114ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν ἀγαλλόμενος παρὰ νηῶν §12.115ἂψ ἀπονοστήσειν προτὶ Ἴλιον ἠνεμόεσσαν· §12.116πρόσθεν γάρ μιν μοῖρα δυσώνυμος ἀμφεκάλυψεν §12.117ἔγχεϊ Ἰδομενῆος ἀγαυοῦ Δευκαλίδαο.
There the other Trojans and far-famed allies obeyed the counsel of blameless Polydamas; but Asius, son of Hyrtacus, leader of men, was not willing to leave his horses and his attendant charioteer there, but with them he drew near to the swift ships, foolish man! nor was he destined, escaping evil fates, exulting in his horses and chariot, from the ships to return back to windy Ilium; for before that, fate of evil name enveloped him by the spear of noble Idomeneus, son of Deucalion.
§12.118εἴσατο γὰρ νηῶν ἐπʼ ἀριστερά, τῇ περ Ἀχαιοὶ §12.119ἐκ πεδίου νίσοντο σὺν ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφι· §12.120τῇ ῥʼ ἵππους τε καὶ ἅρμα διήλασεν, οὐδὲ πύλῃσιν §12.121εὗρʼ ἐπικεκλιμένας σανίδας καὶ μακρὸν ὀχῆα, §12.122ἀλλʼ ἀναπεπταμένας ἔχον ἀνέρες, εἴ τινʼ ἑταίρων §12.123ἐκ πολέμου φεύγοντα σαώσειαν μετὰ νῆας.
For he went to the left of the ships, where the Achaeans used to return from the plain with horses and chariots; there he drove through his horses and chariot, nor at the gates did he find the doors shut and the long bar across, but men were holding them wide open, if any of their comrades fleeing from the war they might save into the ships.
§12.124τῇ ῥʼ ἰθὺς φρονέων ἵππους ἔχε, τοὶ δʼ ἅμʼ ἕποντο §12.125ὀξέα κεκλήγοντες· ἔφαντο γὰρ οὐκ ἔτʼ Ἀχαιοὺς §12.126σχήσεσθʼ, ἀλλʼ ἐν νηυσὶ μελαίνῃσιν πεσέεσθαι §12.127νήπιοι, ἐν δὲ πύλῃσι δύʼ ἀνέρας εὗρον ἀρίστους §12.128υἷας ὑπερθύμους Λαπιθάων αἰχμητάων, §12.129τὸν μὲν Πειριθόου υἷα κρατερὸν Πολυποίτην, §12.130τὸν δὲ Λεοντῆα βροτολοιγῷ ἶσον Ἄρηϊ.
There with direct purpose he held his horses, and they followed him crying out shrilly; for they thought the Achaeans would no longer hold them back, but would fall upon the black ships— fools! and at the gates they found two most excellent men, high-spirited sons of Lapith spear-fighters, the one the mighty son of Peirithous, Polypoetes, and the other Leonteus, the peer of Ares, bane of mortals.
§12.131τὼ μὲν ἄρα προπάροιθε πυλάων ὑψηλάων §12.132ἕστασαν ὡς ὅτε τε δρύες οὔρεσιν ὑψικάρηνοι, §12.133αἵ τʼ ἄνεμον μίμνουσι καὶ ὑετὸν ἤματα πάντα §12.134ῥίζῃσιν μεγάλῃσι διηνεκέεσσʼ ἀραρυῖαι· §12.135ὣς ἄρα τὼ χείρεσσι πεποιθότες ἠδὲ βίηφι §12.136μίμνον ἐπερχόμενον μέγαν Ἄσιον οὐδὲ φέβοντο.
These two then stood before the high gates like high-headed oaks in the mountains, which abide the wind and rain through all days, fixed with great, far-reaching roots; so these two, trusting in their hands and their strength, awaited great Asius as he came on, and did not flee.
§12.137οἳ δʼ ἰθὺς πρὸς τεῖχος ἐΰδμητον βόας αὔας §12.138ὑψόσʼ ἀνασχόμενοι ἔκιον μεγάλῳ ἀλαλητῷ
And they went straight toward the well-built wall, holding their dry ox-hide shields high aloft, with a great clamor.

Notes

  1. §12.74ἑλιχθέντων — The participle ἑλιχθέντων, while formally resembling a genitive absolute, is best construed as agreeing with an implied first-person plural genitive pronoun ('of us' / ἡμέων) acting as a partitive genitive under the negative subject ('not even a single messenger of those of us turned back by the Achaeans').
  2. §12.92Κεβριόναο χερείονα — The comparative adjective χερείονα ('inferior') takes the genitive Κεβριόναο as the genitive of comparison, meaning 'another person inferior to Cebriones'.
  3. §12.106σχήσεσθʼ — The subject of the infinitive σχήσεσθαι (used intransitively as 'to hold out' or 'to withstand') is the Achaeans (Δαναῶν from line 106), whereas the subject of the coordinate infinitive πεσέεσθαι (line 107) is the Trojans themselves. This represents a rapid shift of implicit subjects between the two infinitives dependent on ἔφαντο.
  4. §12.113νήπιος, οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔμελλε — A classic epic prolepsis (anticipation) where the narrator foreshadows the character's tragic fate. The verb ἔμελλε combined with the future infinitive ἀπονοστήσειν expresses an unrealized destined future ('he was not destined to return').

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §12.69-12.138. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:12.69-12.138

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