Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §11.638-11.708

Arrival of Patroclus and Nestor's Youthful Exploits

Passage 100 of 226 · Greek

Summary

While Hecamede prepares a potion for Nestor and Machaon, Patroclus arrives as Achilles' messenger. Refusing to sit, he is addressed by Nestor, who laments the inaction of Achilles amid the growing casualties and recounts a lengthy tale of his own youthful valor in the war against the Eleans.

§11.638ἐν τῷ ῥά σφι κύκησε γυνὴ ἐϊκυῖα θεῇσιν §11.639οἴνῳ Πραμνείῳ, ἐπὶ δʼ αἴγειον κνῆ τυρὸν §11.640κνήστι χαλκείῃ, ἐπὶ δʼ ἄλφιτα λευκὰ πάλυνε, §11.641πινέμεναι δʼ ἐκέλευσεν, ἐπεί ῥʼ ὥπλισσε κυκειῶ.
In it, the woman like unto the goddesses mixed for them a potion with Pramnian wine, and over it she grated goat's milk cheese with a bronze grater, and upon it she sprinkled white barley meal, and bade them drink, when she had prepared the potion.
§11.642τὼ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν πίνοντʼ ἀφέτην πολυκαγκέα δίψαν §11.643μύθοισιν τέρποντο πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐνέποντες, §11.644Πάτροκλος δὲ θύρῃσιν ἐφίστατο ἰσόθεος φώς.
But when they had drunk and quenched their parching thirst, they took delight in talking with one another, and Patroclus stood at the doors, a godlike man.
§11.645τὸν δὲ ἰδὼν ὁ γεραιὸς ἀπὸ θρόνου ὦρτο φαεινοῦ, §11.646ἐς δʼ ἄγε χειρὸς ἑλών, κατὰ δʼ ἑδριάασθαι ἄνωγε.
And when the old man saw him, he rose from his bright chair, and took him by the hand and led him in, and bade him be seated.
§11.647Πάτροκλος δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἀναίνετο εἶπέ τε μῦθον· §11.648οὐχ ἕδος ἐστὶ γεραιὲ διοτρεφές, οὐδέ με πείσεις.
But Patroclus from where he was refused, and spoke a word: "No time to sit is this, old man, nurtured of Zeus, nor will you persuade me.
§11.649αἰδοῖος νεμεσητὸς ὅ με προέηκε πυθέσθαι §11.650ὅν τινα τοῦτον ἄγεις βεβλημένον· ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς §11.651γιγνώσκω, ὁρόω δὲ Μαχάονα ποιμένα λαῶν.
Revered and feared is he who sent me forth to ask who this is whom you bring wounded; but even of myself I know, and I see Machaon, shepherd of the host.
§11.652νῦν δὲ ἔπος ἐρέων πάλιν ἄγγελος εἶμʼ Ἀχιλῆϊ.
And now to tell the word I go back as a messenger to Achilles.
§11.653εὖ δὲ σὺ οἶσθα γεραιὲ διοτρεφές, οἷος ἐκεῖνος §11.654δεινὸς ἀνήρ· τάχα κεν καὶ ἀναίτιον αἰτιόῳτο. §11.655τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ· §11.656τίπτε τὰρ ὧδʼ Ἀχιλεὺς ὀλοφύρεται υἷας Ἀχαιῶν,
Well do you know, old man, nurtured of Zeus, what kind of man he is, a terrible man; quickly might he blame even the blameless." Then answered him Gerenian horseman Nestor: "Why then does Achilles thus pity the sons of the Achaeans, who have been wounded with missiles?
§11.657ὅσσοι δὴ βέλεσιν βεβλήαται; οὐδέ τι οἶδε §11.658πένθεος, ὅσσον ὄρωρε κατὰ στρατόν· οἳ γὰρ ἄριστοι §11.659ἐν νηυσὶν κέαται βεβλημένοι οὐτάμενοί τε.
He knows nothing of the grief that has arisen throughout the host; for the best men lie in the ships, smitten or wounded.
§11.660βέβληται μὲν ὃ Τυδεΐδης κρατερὸς Διομήδης, §11.661οὔτασται δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς δουρὶ κλυτὸς ἠδʼ Ἀγαμέμνων· §11.662βέβληται δὲ καὶ Εὐρύπυλος κατὰ μηρὸν ὀϊστῷ· §11.663τοῦτον δʼ ἄλλον ἐγὼ νέον ἤγαγον ἐκ πολέμοιο §11.664ἰῷ ἀπὸ νευρῆς βεβλημένον.
Smitten is the son of Tydeus, strong Diomedes, and wounded is Odysseus, famous with the spear, and Agamemnon; and smitten also is Eurypylus with an arrow in the thigh; and this other one I have just brought out of the battle smitten with an arrow from the bowstring.
αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς §11.665ἐσθλὸς ἐὼν Δαναῶν οὐ κήδεται οὐδʼ ἐλεαίρει.
Yet Achilles, brave though he is, cares not for the Danaans nor pities them.
§11.666ἦ μένει εἰς ὅ κε δὴ νῆες θοαὶ ἄγχι θαλάσσης §11.667Ἀργείων ἀέκητι πυρὸς δηΐοιο θέρωνται, §11.668αὐτοί τε κτεινώμεθʼ ἐπισχερώ;
Does he wait indeed until the swift ships near the sea shall burn with consuming fire, in despite of the Argives, and we ourselves be slain one after another?
οὐ γὰρ ἐμὴ ἲς §11.669ἔσθʼ οἵη πάρος ἔσκεν ἐνὶ γναμπτοῖσι μέλεσσιν.
For my strength is not such as it was of old in my supple limbs.
§11.670εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι βίη δέ μοι ἔμπεδος εἴη §11.671ὡς ὁπότʼ Ἠλείοισι καὶ ἡμῖν νεῖκος ἐτύχθη §11.672ἀμφὶ βοηλασίῃ, ὅτʼ ἐγὼ κτάνον Ἰτυμονῆα §11.673ἐσθλὸν Ὑπειροχίδην, ὃς ἐν Ἤλιδι ναιετάασκε, §11.674ῥύσιʼ ἐλαυνόμενος· ὃ δʼ ἀμύνων ᾗσι βόεσσιν §11.675ἔβλητʼ ἐν πρώτοισιν ἐμῆς ἀπὸ χειρὸς ἄκοντι, §11.676κὰδ δʼ ἔπεσεν, λαοὶ δὲ περίτρεσαν ἀγροιῶται.
Would that I were as young, and my strength were as steadfast as when a strife was made between the Eleans and us about a cattle-raid, when I slew Itymoneus, the brave son of Hypeirochus, who dwelt in Elis, as I was driving off the spoils; and he, defending his cattle, was struck among the foremost by a spear from my hand, and fell, and the rustic folk fled in terror around him.
§11.677ληΐδα δʼ ἐκ πεδίου συνελάσσαμεν ἤλιθα πολλὴν §11.678πεντήκοντα βοῶν ἀγέλας, τόσα πώεα οἰῶν, §11.679τόσσα συῶν συβόσια, τόσʼ αἰπόλια πλατέʼ αἰγῶν, §11.680ἵππους δὲ ξανθὰς ἑκατὸν καὶ πεντήκοντα §11.681πάσας θηλείας, πολλῇσι δὲ πῶλοι ὑπῆσαν.
And booty exceeding great we drove together from the plain, fifty herds of kine, as many flocks of sheep, as many droves of swine, as many wide-roaming herds of goats, and chestnut horses a hundred and fifty, all mares, and under many were foals.
§11.682καὶ τὰ μὲν ἠλασάμεσθα Πύλον Νηλήϊον εἴσω §11.683ἐννύχιοι προτὶ ἄστυ· γεγήθει δὲ φρένα Νηλεύς, §11.684οὕνεκά μοι τύχε πολλὰ νέῳ πόλεμον δὲ κιόντι.
And these we drove into Neleian Pylos by night to the city; and Neleus was glad in heart, because many things had fallen to me, who went as a youth to the war.
§11.685κήρυκες δʼ ἐλίγαινον ἅμʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφι §11.686τοὺς ἴμεν οἷσι χρεῖος ὀφείλετʼ ἐν Ἤλιδι δίῃ· §11.687οἳ δὲ συναγρόμενοι Πυλίων ἡγήτορες ἄνδρες §11.688δαίτρευον· πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον, §11.689ὡς ἡμεῖς παῦροι κεκακωμένοι ἐν Πύλῳ ἦμεν·
And heralds cried aloud at the dawning of the day that they should come to whom a debt was owed in noble Elis; and they gathered together, the leaders of the Pylians, and divided the spoil; for to many did the Epeians owe a debt, as we in Pylos were few and oppressed.
§11.690ἐλθὼν γάρ ῥʼ ἐκάκωσε βίη Ἡρακληείη §11.691τῶν προτέρων ἐτέων, κατὰ δʼ ἔκταθεν ὅσσοι ἄριστοι·
For the mighty Heracles came and oppressed us in the former years, and all our best were slain.
§11.692δώδεκα γὰρ Νηλῆος ἀμύμονος υἱέες ἦμεν· §11.693τῶν οἶος λιπόμην, οἳ δʼ ἄλλοι πάντες ὄλοντο.
For twelve were we, the sons of noble Neleus, and of these I alone was left, and all the others perished.
§11.694ταῦθʼ ὑπερηφανέοντες Ἐπειοὶ χαλκοχίτωνες §11.695ἡμέας ὑβρίζοντες ἀτάσθαλα μηχανόωντο.
Boasting of these things, the bronze-clad Epeians, insulting us, devised outrageous deeds.
§11.696ἐκ δʼ ὃ γέρων ἀγέλην τε βοῶν καὶ πῶϋ μέγʼ οἰῶν §11.697εἵλετο κρινάμενος τριηκόσιʼ ἠδὲ νομῆας.
And the old man chose out a herd of kine and a great flock of sheep, choosing three hundred, and the shepherds with them.
§11.698καὶ γὰρ τῷ χρεῖος μέγʼ ὀφείλετʼ ἐν Ἤλιδι δίῃ §11.699τέσσαρες ἀθλοφόροι ἵπποι αὐτοῖσιν ὄχεσφιν §11.700ἐλθόντες μετʼ ἄεθλα· περὶ τρίποδος γὰρ ἔμελλον §11.701θεύσεσθαι· τοὺς δʼ αὖθι ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Αὐγείας §11.702κάσχεθε, τὸν δʼ ἐλατῆρʼ ἀφίει ἀκαχήμενον ἵππων.
For to him also a great debt was owed in noble Elis: four prize-winning horses, with their chariot, which had gone for the games; for they were about to run for a tripod; but Augeias, king of men, kept them there, and sent back the driver, sorrowing for his horses.
§11.703τῶν ὃ γέρων ἐπέων κεχολωμένος ἠδὲ καὶ ἔργων §11.704ἐξέλετʼ ἄσπετα πολλά· τὰ δʼ ἄλλʼ ἐς δῆμον ἔδωκε §11.705δαιτρεύειν, μή τίς οἱ ἀτεμβόμενος κίοι ἴσης.
Incensed by these words and deeds, the old man chose out vast measure for himself; and the rest he gave to the people to divide, so that no man might go deprived of his equal share.
§11.706ἡμεῖς μὲν τὰ ἕκαστα διείπομεν, ἀμφί τε ἄστυ §11.707ἕρδομεν ἱρὰ θεοῖς· οἳ δὲ τρίτῳ ἤματι πάντες §11.708ἦλθον ὁμῶς αὐτοί τε πολεῖς καὶ μώνυχες ἵπποι
So we ordered each of these things, and about the city we performed sacrifices to the gods; and on the third day they all came, many men and single-hooved horses together.

Notes

  1. §11.649 — Nominative singular masculine relative pronoun referring to Achilles (the antecedent). In Homeric Greek, the relative pronoun ὅς frequently takes the form ὅ in the masculine singular nominative, functioning here as the subject of the clause "he who sent me forth...".
  2. §11.654τάχα κεν καὶ ἀναίτιον αἰτιόῳτο — A combination of the modal particle κεν (equivalent to Attic ἄν indicating potentiality) and the present optative αἰτιόῳτο (an epic/Ionic epicized form of αἰτιάομαι). This expresses potentiality: "he might quickly blame even the blameless," reflecting Patroclus's apprehension of Achilles' harsh nature.
  3. §11.666εἰς ὅ κε — A temporal conjunction meaning "until the time when." Accompanied by the modal particle κε, it governs the subjunctive verbs θέρωνται and κτεινώμεθʼ (§11.668), indicating an indefinite limit in the future.
  4. §11.670εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι — The particle of wishing εἴθε combined with the present optative ἡβώοιμι (from ἡβάω, to be young), expressing an unattainable wish for the past/present ("Would that I were so young..."). This is a highly characteristic formulaic expression used by Nestor when recalling his past exploits.
  5. §11.686ἴμεν — The epic infinitive form of εἶμι (to go), equivalent to Attic ἰέναι. Here it functions in an accusative-with-infinitive construction with the subject accusative τοὺς, representing an indirect command ("ordered those to go...") issued by the heralds (§11.685 κήρυκες).
  6. §11.703τῶν ὃ γέρων ἐπέων κεχολωμένος ἠδὲ καὶ ἔργων — The relative pronoun τῶν (genitive plural) refers back to Augeias's insulting words and deeds mentioned in the preceding lines, and is placed in apposition with the genitive nouns ἐπέων and ἔργων. These genitives are governed by the perfect participle κεχολωμένος (angered), expressing the cause of anger.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §11.638-11.708. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:11.638-11.708

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