- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:7.1.3.pr-7.1.3.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-12
Gaius explains that usufruct can be established over land and other property by legacy or agreements, and that it must eventually terminate and revert to the owner to prevent ownership from becoming useless, noting that the same rules apply to bare use.
[GAIUS libro secundo rerum cottidianarum uel aureorum.]
[GAIUS, Everyday Matters or Golden Words, book 2]
Omnium praediorum iure legati potest constitui usus fructus, ut heres iubeatur dare alicui usum fructum. dare autem intellegitur,1 si induxerit in fundum legatarium eumue patiatur uti frui. et sine testamento autem si quis uelit usum fructum constituere, pactionibus et stipulationibus id efficere potest.
A usufruct can be established by the law of legacy over all estates, so that the heir is ordered to give the usufruct to someone. And he is understood to “give” it, if he introduces the legatee into the land or allows him to use and enjoy it. Moreover, even without a will, if anyone wishes to establish a usufruct, he can effect this by pacts and stipulations.
Constitit autem usus fructus non tantum in fundo et aedibus, uerum etiam in seruis et iumentis ceterisque rebus.
Now, usufruct is established not only in land and buildings, but also in slaves, beasts of burden, and other things.
Ne tamen in uniuersum inutiles essent proprietates semper abscedente usu fructu,2 placuit3 certis modis extingui usum fructum et ad proprietatem reuerti.
Lest, however, ownerships should be rendered entirely useless by the usufruct being permanently separated, it was resolved that the usufruct should be extinguished in certain ways and revert to the ownership.
Quibus autem modis usus fructus et constitit et finitur, isdem modis etiam nudus usus solet et constitui et finiri.
Moreover, by the same ways in which usufruct is both established and ended, bare use also is accustomed to be both established and ended.
- 7.1.3.prdare autem intellegitur
The present infinitive dare functions as the subject (nominative use of the infinitive) of the passive verb intellegitur. The meaning is "giving is understood to take place if...".
- 7.1.3.2semper abscedente usu fructu
An ablative absolute construction consisting of the present participle abscedente and the noun usu fructu. Here, it expresses a condition or cause ("by the usufruct being permanently separated" or "if the usufruct were always separated").
- 7.1.3.2placuit
An impersonal verb meaning "it was resolved/agreed that...". Its grammatical subject is the subsequent accusative with infinitive (A.C.I.) clauses: extingui usum fructum and [usum fructum] ad proprietatem reuerti.