- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:3.3.43.pr-3.3.43.6
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-03
Discusses the limits of representation by and for deaf and mute persons, the nature of the edict on appointing procurators, requests for curators, penalties for failing to defend, and the conditions under which a procurator who gave security is compelled to accept trial.
[IDEM libro nono ad edictum.]
[THE SAME in the ninth book on the Edict.]
Mutus et surdus per eum modum qui procedere potest procuratorem dare non prohibentur: forsitan et ipsi dantur non quidem ad agendum, sed ad administrandum.
Deaf and mute persons are not prohibited from appointing a procurator through such a method as can proceed; perhaps they themselves are also appointed, not indeed for conducting lawsuits, but for administration.
Cum quaeretur, an aliqui1 procuratorem habere liceat, inspiciendum erit, an non prohibeatur procuratorem dare, quia hoc edictum prohibitorium est.
When it is asked whether anyone is allowed to have a procurator, it will have to be inspected whether he is not prohibited from appointing a procurator, because this edict is prohibitory.
In popularibus actionibus, ubi quis quasi unus ex populo agit, defensionem ut procurator praestare cogendus non est.
In popular actions, where someone sues as one of the people, he is not to be compelled to provide a defense as a procurator.
Is, qui curatorem alicui praesenti petat, non aliter audietur nisi adulto consentiente: quod si absenti, ratam rem eum habiturum2 necesse habet dare.
He who requests a curator for someone who is present shall not be heard unless the adult consents; but if for an absent person, he must give security that the latter will ratify the matter.
Poena non defendentis procuratoris haec est, ut denegetur ei actio.
The penalty for a procurator who does not defend is this, that the action is denied to him.
Si procurator agat et praesens sit absentis seruus, Atilicinus ait seruo cauendum,3 non procuratori.
If a procurator sues and the slave of the absent person is present, Atilicinus says that security must be given to the slave, not to the procurator.
Qui non cogitur defendere absentem, tamen si iudicatum solui satisdedit defendendi absentis gratia, cogendum procuratorem iudicium accipere, ne decipiatur is qui satis accepit: nam eos, qui non coguntur rem defendere, post satisdationem cogi. Labeo causa cognita4 temperandum, et si captio actoris sit propter temporis tractum, iudicium eum accipere cogendum: quod si aut adfinitas dirempta sit aut inimicitiae intercesserint aut bona absentis possideri coeperint
He who is not compelled to defend an absent person, yet if he has given security for the payment of the judgment for the sake of defending the absent person, the procurator must be compelled to accept the trial, lest he who received the security be deceived; for those who are not compelled to defend a matter are compelled after giving security. Labeo says that after investigating the circumstances, it should be tempered, and if there is a loss to the plaintiff due to the passage of time, he must be compelled to accept the trial; but if either the affinity has been dissolved, or enmities have intervened, or the goods of the absent person have begun to be possessed...
- 3.3.43.1aliqui
'aliqui' is an archaic spelling variant of the dative 'alicui', functioning as the indirect object of the impersonal 'liceat' ('whether it is permitted for anyone').
- 3.3.43.3ratam rem eum habiturum
'eum' is the subject accusative of the infinitive 'ratam rem habiturum [esse]', referring to the absent principal who will ratify the act. The whole clause acts as the object of 'dare' (implying providing security for ratification).
- 3.3.43.5seruo cauendum
A gerundive construction with omitted 'esse' ('cauendum [esse]'). The dative 'seruo' (rather than 'procuratori') indicates the recipient to whom the opposing party must provide security.
- 3.3.43.6causa cognita
An ablative absolute meaning 'having investigated the circumstances of the case', indicating that the praetor or authority decides after examining the specific facts.