- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:3.3.42.pr-3.3.42.7
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-03
This text specifies the rules and conditions for appointing a litigation agent (procurator) in various special cases, including popular actions, actions for injuries, disputes among co-heirs, and the defense by sureties when the defendant is in hiding.
[IDEM libro octauo ad edictum.]
[THE SAME in the eighth book on the Edict.]
Licet in popularibus actionibus procurator dari non possit, tamen dictum est merito eum qui de uia publica agit et priuato damno ex prohibitione adficitur, quasi priuatae actionis1 dare posse procuratorem. multo magis dabit ad sepulchri uiolati actionem is ad quem ea res pertinet.
Although a procurator cannot be appointed in popular actions, yet it has been rightly said that he who sues concerning a public road and is affected by private damage due to the prohibition, can appoint a procurator as if for a private action. Much more will he to whom the matter pertains appoint one for the action for violating a sepulchre.
Ad actionem iniuriarum ex lege Cornelia procurator dari potest: nam etsi pro publica utilitate exercetur, priuata tamen est.
A procurator can be appointed for the action for injuries under the Cornelia Lex; for even if it is brought for the public utility, it is nevertheless a private one.
Ea obligatio, quae inter dominum et procuratorem consistere solet, mandati actionem parit. aliquando tamen non contrahitur obligatio mandati: sicut euenit, cum in rem suam procuratorem praestamus eoque nomine iudicatum solui promittimus: nam si ex ea promissione aliquid praestiterimus, non mandati,2 sed ex uendito si hereditatem uendidimus, uel ex pristina causa mandati agere debemus: ut fit cum fideiussor reum procuratorem dedit.
That obligation which usually exists between a principal and a procurator gives rise to the action of mandate. Sometimes, however, an obligation of mandate is not contracted; as happens when we appoint a procurator on his own account and in his name promise payment of the judgment; for if we perform anything under that promise, we must sue not on the mandate, but on the sale, if we sold an inheritance, or on the prior cause of the mandate, as occurs when a surety has appointed the principal debtor as procurator.
Is cui hereditas ex Trebelliano senatus consulto restituta est heredem iure dabit procuratorem.3
He to whom an inheritance has been restored under the Trebellian Senatusconsultum will legally appoint the heir as his procurator.
Sed et dominum pignoris creditor recte dabit procuratorem ad Seruianam.
But also the creditor will rightly appoint the owner of the pledge as procurator for the Servian action.
Porro si uni ex reis credendi constitutum sit isque alium in constitutam pecuniam det, non negabimus posse dare. sed et ex duobus reis promittendi alter alterum ad defendendum procuratorem dabit.
Furthermore, if an agreement is made with one of several joint creditors and he appoints another for the agreed money, we shall not deny that he can do so. But also, of two joint debtors, one will appoint the other as procurator for his defense.
Si plures heredes sint et familiae erciscundae aut communi diuidundo agatur, pluribus eundem procuratorem non est permittendum dare, quoniam res expediri non potest circa adiudicationes et condemnationes: plane permittendum dare, si uni coheredi plures heredes existant.
If there are several heirs and an action is brought for the partition of an inheritance or for the division of common property, it must not be permitted for several persons to appoint the same procurator, since the matter cannot be settled regarding adjudications and condemnations. Obviously, it must be permitted to do so if several heirs succeed to one co-heir.
Reo latitante post litem contestatam ita demum fideiussores eum defendere uidebuntur, si uel unus ex his eum pro solido defendat, uel omnes uel qui ex his unum dederint in quem iudicium transferetur.4
When the defendant is in hiding after the joinder of issue, the sureties will only be deemed to defend him if either one of them defends him for the whole amount, or all of them do, or those among them who have put forward one person to whom the action will be transferred.
- 3.3.42.prquasi priuatae actionis
This genitive phrase modifies the understood object 'procuratorem' (procurator), or functions adverbially with 'dare posse', meaning 'as if for a private action'.
- 3.3.42.2non mandati
The genitive 'mandati' is used with the ellipsis of 'actione' (or 'actio'), standing parallel to the prepositional phrases 'ex uendito' and 'ex pristina causa'.
- 3.3.42.3heredem iure dabit procuratorem
The noun 'heredem' is the direct object of 'dabit', with 'procuratorem' serving as its object complement. The ablative 'iure' functions adverbially as 'legally' or 'by right'.
- 3.3.42.7in quem iudicium transferetur
The antecedent of this relative clause is the preceding numeral accusative 'unum'. It means 'the one person to whom the action will be transferred'.