- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:40.38.1-40.38.9
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-11
Cornelius and Baebius force the unexpectedly surrendered Apuan Ligurians to relocate to public land in Samnium, and subsequently celebrate a triumph without having fought any actual war, a first in Roman history.
Ligures, qui ante adventum in provinciam consulum non exspectassent1 bellum, improviso oppressi ad duodecim milia hominum dediderunt se.
The Ligurians, who had not expected war before the arrival of the consuls in the province, were surprised and overwhelmed, and about twelve thousand of them surrendered.
eos consulto per litteras prius senatu2 deducere ex montibus in agros campestres procul ab domo, ne reditus spes esset, Cornelius et Baebius statuerunt, nullum alium ante finem rati fore Ligustini belli. ager publicus populi Romani erat in Samnitibus, qui Taurasinorum fuerat. eo cum traducere Ligures Apuanos vellent, edixerunt, ut Ligures Apuani de montibus descenderent cum liberis coniugibusque, sua omnia secum portarent.
Cornelius and Baebius, having first consulted the senate by letter, decided to remove them from the mountains into flat lands far from their homes, so that there would be no hope of return, believing that there would be no other end to the Ligurian war. There was public land of the Roman people among the Samnites, which had belonged to the Taurasini. Since they wished to transfer the Apuan Ligurians there, they issued an edict that the Apuan Ligurians should descend from the mountains with their children and wives, and bring all their belongings with them.
Ligures saepe per legatos deprecati, ne penates, sedem in qua geniti essent, sepulcra maiorum cogerentur relinquere, arma obsides pollicebantur.
The Ligurians, frequently begging through envoys that they should not be forced to abandon their Penates, the home where they were born, and the graves of their ancestors, promised weapons and hostages.
postquam nihil impetrabant neque vires ad bellandum erant, edicto paruerunt.
When they could obtain nothing and had no strength to wage war, they obeyed the edict.
traducti sunt publico sumptu ad quadraginta milia liberorum capitum3 cum feminis puerisque. argenti data centum et quinquaginta milia, unde in novas sedes compararent, quae opus essent. agro dividendo dandoque iidem, qui traduxerant, Cornelius et Baebius praepositi. postulantibus tamen ipsis quinqueviri ab senatu dati, quorum ex consilio agerent.
About forty thousand free persons, including women and children, were transported at public expense. A sum of one hundred and fifty thousand pieces of silver was given to them, from which they might procure what was necessary for their new homes. For dividing and assigning the land, the same men, Cornelius and Baebius, who had transported them, were appointed. However, at their own request, a commission of five men was granted by the senate, according to whose advice they should act.
transacta re cum veterem exercitum Romam deduxissent, triumphus ab senatu est decretus.
The business having been settled, when they had led the veteran army back to Rome, a triumph was decreed by the senate.
hi omnium primi nullo bello gesto triumpharunt. tantum hostiae ductae ante currum, quia nec quod ferretur neque quod duceretur captum neque quod militibus daretur,4 quicquam in triumphis eorum fuerat.
These were the first of all to triumph without having waged any war. Only victims were led before the chariot, because there had been nothing in their triumph to be carried, nor any captive to be led, nor anything to be given to the soldiers.
- 40.38.1non exspectassent
Subjunctive pluperfect (syncopated form for exspectavissent) in a relative clause introduced by qui. Beyond stating the historical fact, it conveys a causal or characteristic nuance ('inasmuch as they had not expected').
- 40.38.2consulto per litteras prius senatu
An ablative absolute construction consisting of the noun senatu and the participle consulto, within which the adverbial phrase of means per litteras ('by letter') and the adverb prius ('beforehand') are embedded.
- 40.38.6liberorum capitum
liberorum is not the genitive of the noun liberi ('children'), but the genitive plural of the adjective liber ('free'). combined with capitum (genitive plural of caput, 'head' or 'person'), it means 'of free persons', which, followed by cum feminis puerisque ('with women and children'), encompasses the entire free population regardless of age or gender.
- 40.38.9quod ferretur neque quod duceretur captum neque quod militibus daretur
The verbs in these relative clauses (ferretur, duceretur, daretur) are in the imperfect subjunctive. This is not only due to the sequence of tenses after a past-tense main clause, but also represents the subjunctive of characteristic, defining things of such a kind that they 'were to be carried', 'were to be led', or 'were to be given'.
Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (1, latest 2026-09-22)
- 2026-09-22 AI review — source 1