- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:40.31.1-40.31.9
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-11
The praetor Flaccus executed a stratagem by sending out cavalry to lure the enemy away from their camp, allowing a detached force under Acilius, hidden on the mountain, to capture the lightly guarded enemy camp.
praetor Romanus ubi satis tot dierum quiete credidit spem factam hosti nihil se priorem moturum,1 L Acilium cum ala sinistra et sex milibus provincialium auxiliorum circumire montem iubet, qui ab tergo hostibus erat;
When the Roman praetor believed that the quiet of so many days had sufficiently given the enemy the hope that he would make no move first, he ordered Lucius Acilius, with the left wing and six thousand provincial auxiliaries, to go around the mountain which was at the back of the enemy;
inde, ubi clamorem audisset, decurrere2 ad castra eorum. nocte profecti sunt, ne possent conspici.
and thence, when he should hear the shout, to charge down upon their camp. They set out by night so that they might not be seen.
Flaccus luce prima C. Scribonium praefectum socium ad vallum hostium cum equitibus extraordinariis sinistrae alae mittit;
At dawn, Flaccus sent Gaius Scribonius, the commander of the allies, to the enemy’s rampart with the extraordinary cavalry of the left wing;
quos ubi et propius accedere et plures, quam soliti erant, Celtiberi conspexerunt, omnis equitatus effunditur castris, simul et peditibus signum ad exeundum datur.
and when the Celtiberians saw them approaching closer and in greater numbers than they were accustomed to, all their cavalry poured out of the camp, and at the same time the signal to march out was given to the infantry.
Scribonius, uti praeceptum erat, ubi primum fremitum equestrem audivit, avertit equos et castra repetit.
Scribonius, as had been ordered, as soon as he heard the first noise of the horses, turned his mounts and headed back to camp.
eo effusius sequi3 hostes. primo equites, mox et peditum acies aderat, haud dubia spe castra eo die se expugnaturos.
The enemy pursued all the more eagerly; first the cavalry, and soon the line of infantry arrived, with no doubtful hope of capturing the camp that day.
quingentos passus non plus a vallo aberant. itaque Flaccus ubi satis abstractos eos a praesidio castrorum suorum ratus est, intra vallum exercitu instructo tribus partibus simul erumpit, clamore non tantum ad ardorem pugnae excitandum sublato, sed etiam ut, qui in montibus erant, exaudirent.
They were not more than five hundred paces from the rampart. Therefore, when Flaccus thought they were sufficiently drawn away from the defense of their own camp, having drawn up his army inside the rampart, he burst out from three points at once, raising a shout not only to kindle the ardor for battle but also that those who were on the mountains might hear it.
nec morati sunt, quin decurrerent, sicut imperatum erat, ad castra; ubi quinque milium armatorum non amplius relictum erat praesidium.
And they did not delay in running down to the camp, just as they had been commanded; where a garrison of no more than five thousand armed men had been left.
quos cum et paucitas sua et multitudo hostium et improvisa res terruisset, prope sine certamine capiuntur castra. captis,4 quae pars maxime a pugnantibus conspici poterat, iniecit Acilius ignem.
Since their own small numbers, the multitude of the enemy, and the unexpected turn of events had terrified them, the camp was taken almost without a struggle. Once it was captured, Acilius set fire to the part that could be most easily seen by those who were fighting.
- 40.31.1nihil se priorem moturum
A further appositive clause to the accusative infinitive construction spem factam [esse] hosti (that hope had been given to the enemy). se refers to the subject of the main clause, praetor Romanus. priorem is an adjective but functions adverbially as 'first' or 'prior'. esse is omitted after moturum.
- 40.31.2decurrere
Although it might appear to be a historical infinitive at first glance, it is another complementary infinitive depending on iubet (orders) in section 1. It forms a parallel structure: L. Acilium ... circumire ... et ... decurrere.
- 40.31.6sequi
A historical infinitive, equivalent in meaning to the imperfect indicative sequebantur. This is supported by the paratactic coordination with the imperfect indicative aderat in the following clause.
- 40.31.9captis
An ablative absolute with the ellipsis of the noun castris (camp, a plural noun). Referring back to the immediately preceding capiuntur castra, it denotes the temporal or situational premise: 'once the camp was captured'.