- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.55.1
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-10
Describes the sixth river, the Hypacyris, including its source, its course through the nomad Scythians, its mouth near Carcinitis, and how its flow separates Hylaea and the Course of Achilles on its right.
ἕκτος δὲ Ὑπάκυρις ποταμός,1 ὃς ὁρμᾶται μὲν ἐκ λίμνης, διὰ μέσων δὲ τῶν νομάδων Σκυθέων2 ῥέων ἐκδιδοῖ κατὰ Καρκινῖτιν πόλιν, ἐς δεξιὴν ἀπέργων3 τήν τε Ὑλαίην καὶ τὸν Ἀχιλλήιον δρόμον καλεόμενον.
The sixth is the Hypacyris river, which starts from a lake, and flowing through the midst of the nomad Scythians, empties near the city of Carcinitis, shutting off on its right both Hylaea and the so-called Course of Achilles.
- 4.55.1ἕκτος δὲ Ὑπάκυρις ποταμός
Omission of the copula (ἐστί). This is the nominative phrase introducing the "sixth river" following the "fifth river" in the previous chapter.
- 4.55.1διὰ μέσων δὲ τῶν νομάδων Σκυθέων
The adjective μέσος is used substantively to mean "the middle/midst," modified by the following genitive (of the nomad Scythians). It means "through the midst of the nomad Scythians."
- 4.55.1ἐς δεξιὴν ἀπέργων
The participle ἀπέργων (from ἀπείργω) means "excluding" or "shutting off." Here it describes how the river's course bounds or separates these regions, keeping them on its right side.