- Source
- Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:11.213-11.284
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-30
Urged by Hector, the Trojans rally, and the brothers Iphidamas and Coön, sons of Antenor, confront Agamemnon. Although both are slain by the king, Agamemnon is wounded and forced to retreat from the battlefield in his chariot due to severe pain.
ὀτρύνων μαχέσασθαι, ἔγειρε δὲ φύλοπιν αἰνήν.
urging them to fight, and he roused the dread din of battle.
οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν,
And they rallied and stood to face the Achaeans,
Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐκαρτύναντο φάλαγγας.
and the Argives on their part strengthened their battalions.
ἀρτύνθη δὲ μάχη, στὰν δʼ ἀντίοι· ἐν δʼ Ἀγαμέμνων
And the battle was set, and they stood face to face; and Agamemnon among them
πρῶτος ὄρουσʼ, ἔθελεν δὲ πολὺ προμάχεσθαι ἁπάντων.
leapt first, for he wished to fight far in advance of all.
ἔσπετε νῦν μοι Μοῦσαι Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσαι
Tell me now, Muses who have homes on Olympus,
ὅς τις δὴ πρῶτος Ἀγαμέμνονος ἀντίον ἦλθεν
who was the first to come face to face with Agamemnon,
ἢ αὐτῶν Τρώων ἠὲ κλειτῶν ἐπικούρων.
either of the Trojans themselves or of their famous allies.
Ἰφιδάμας Ἀντηνορίδης ἠΰς τε μέγας τε
It was Iphidamas, son of Antenor, both valiant and great,
ὃς τράφη ἐν Θρῄκῃ ἐριβώλακι μητέρι μήλων·
who was bred in fertile Thrace, mother of sheep;
Κισσῆς τόν γʼ ἔθρεψε δόμοις ἔνι τυτθὸν ἐόντα
Cisseus reared him in his halls while he was yet a little child,
μητροπάτωρ, ὃς τίκτε Θεανὼ καλλιπάρῃον·
his mother’s father, who begot Theano of the fair cheeks.
αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἥβης ἐρικυδέος ἵκετο μέτρον,
But when he reached the measure of glorious youth,
αὐτοῦ μιν κατέρυκε, δίδου δʼ ὅ γε θυγατέρα ἥν·
his grandfather stayed him there, and gave him his own daughter;
γήμας δʼ ἐκ θαλάμοιο μετὰ κλέος ἵκετʼ Ἀχαιῶν1
and having married her, he went from the bridal chamber after the rumor of the Achaeans,
σὺν δυοκαίδεκα νηυσὶ κορωνίσιν, αἵ οἱ ἕποντο.
with twelve curved ships that followed him.
τὰς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐν Περκώτῃ λίπε νῆας ἐΐσας,
These well-balanced ships he then left at Percote,
αὐτὰρ ὃ πεζὸς ἐὼν ἐς Ἴλιον εἰληλούθει·
but himself went on foot to Ilios;
ὅς ῥα τότʼ Ἀτρεΐδεω Ἀγαμέμνονος ἀντίον ἦλθεν.
he it was who then came face to face with Agamemnon, son of Atreus.
οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες,
And when they were near as they advanced upon one another,
Ἀτρεΐδης μὲν ἅμαρτε, παραὶ δέ οἱ ἐτράπετʼ ἔγχος,
the son of Atreus missed, and his spear turned aside;
Ἰφιδάμας δὲ κατὰ ζώνην θώρηκος ἔνερθε
but Iphidamas struck him upon the belt, beneath the corselet,
νύξʼ, ἐπὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ἔρεισε2 βαρείῃ χειρὶ πιθήσας·
and pressed upon it, trusting to his heavy hand.
οὐδʼ ἔτορε ζωστῆρα παναίολον, ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρὶν
Yet he did not pierce the gleaming belt, but long before that
ἀργύρῳ ἀντομένη μόλιβος ὣς ἐτράπετʼ αἰχμή.
the spearpoint meeting the silver was turned like lead.
καὶ τό γε χειρὶ λαβὼν εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων
Then wide-ruling Agamemnon caught it in his hand
ἕλκʼ ἐπὶ οἷ μεμαὼς ὥς τε λίς, ἐκ δʼ ἄρα χειρὸς
and drew it toward him, raging like a lion, and from the hand of Iphidamas
σπάσσατο· τὸν δʼ ἄορι πλῆξʼ αὐχένα, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα.
snatched it; then he struck him on the neck with his sword, and loosened his limbs.
ὣς ὃ μὲν αὖθι πεσὼν κοιμήσατο χάλκεον ὕπνον
So he fell there and slept a sleep of bronze,
οἰκτρὸς ἀπὸ μνηστῆς ἀλόχου,3 ἀστοῖσιν ἀρήγων,
pitiable, far from his wedded wife, helping his townsmen—
κουριδίης, ἧς οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε, πολλὰ δʼ ἔδωκε·
from his young wife, of whom he had known no joy, though he had given much for her;
πρῶθʼ ἑκατὸν βοῦς δῶκεν, ἔπειτα δὲ χίλιʼ ὑπέστη
first he gave a hundred cattle, and then promised a thousand,
αἶγας ὁμοῦ καὶ ὄϊς, τά οἱ ἄσπετα ποιμαίνοντο.
goats and sheep together, which were herded for him in countless numbers.
δὴ τότε γʼ Ἀτρεΐδης Ἀγαμέμνων ἐξενάριξε,
Then indeed did Agamemnon, son of Atreus, despoil him,
βῆ δὲ φέρων ἀνʼ ὅμιλον Ἀχαιῶν τεύχεα καλά.
and went bearing his beautiful armor through the throng of the Achaeans.
τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε Κόων ἀριδείκετος ἀνδρῶν
But when Coön, conspicuous among men, marked him,
πρεσβυγενὴς Ἀντηνορίδης, κρατερόν ῥά ἑ πένθος
the eldest son of Antenor, strong grief
ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐκάλυψε κασιγνήτοιο πεσόντος.4
shrouded his eyes at the sight of his fallen brother.
στῆ δʼ εὐρὰξ σὺν δουρὶ λαθὼν Ἀγαμέμνονα δῖον,
And he stood to one side with his spear, unseen by noble Agamemnon,
νύξε δέ μιν κατὰ χεῖρα μέσην ἀγκῶνος ἔνερθε,
and stabbed him on the middle of the arm, below the elbow,
ἀντικρὺ δὲ διέσχε φαεινοῦ δουρὸς ἀκωκή.
and straight through went the point of the shining spear.
ῥίγησέν τʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων·
Then Agamemnon, king of men, shuddered;
ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὧς ἀπέληγε μάχης ἠδὲ πτολέμοιο,
yet even so he did not cease from battle and war,
ἀλλʼ ἐπόρουσε Κόωνι ἔχων ἀνεμοτρεφὲς ἔγχος.
but rushed upon Coön with his wind-toughened spear.
ἤτοι ὃ Ἰφιδάμαντα κασίγνητον καὶ ὄπατρον
Now Coön was eagerly dragging Iphidamas, his brother by the same father,
ἕλκε ποδὸς μεμαώς, καὶ ἀΰτει πάντας ἀρίστους·
by the foot, and was calling to all the bravest;
τὸν δʼ ἕλκοντʼ ἀνʼ ὅμιλον ὑπʼ ἀσπίδος ὀμφαλοέσσης
but as he was dragging him through the throng, beneath his bossed shield
οὔτησε ξυστῷ χαλκήρεϊ, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα·
Agamemnon stabbed him with his bronze-shod spear, and loosened his limbs;
τοῖο δʼ ἐπʼ Ἰφιδάμαντι κάρη ἀπέκοψε παραστάς.
and standing over him, he cut off his head upon Iphidamas.
ἔνθʼ Ἀντήνορος υἷες ὑπʼ Ἀτρεΐδῃ βασιλῆϊ
There the sons of Antenor, fulfilling their fate at the hands of king Agamemnon,
πότμον ἀναπλήσαντες ἔδυν δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω.
entered the house of Hades.
αὐτὰρ ὃ τῶν ἄλλων ἐπεπωλεῖτο στίχας ἀνδρῶν
But he went to and fro among the ranks of other men
ἔγχεΐ τʼ ἄορί τε μεγάλοισί τε χερμαδίοισιν,
with spear and sword and great stones,
ὄφρά οἱ αἷμʼ ἔτι θερμὸν ἀνήνοθεν ἐξ ὠτειλῆς.
as long as the warm blood still welled up from his wound.
αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τὸ μὲν ἕλκος ἐτέρσετο, παύσατο δʼ αἷμα,
But when the wound grew dry and the blood ceased,
ὀξεῖαι δʼ ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος Ἀτρεΐδαο.
then sharp pains began to sink into the strength of the son of Atreus.
ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ὠδίνουσαν ἔχῃ βέλος ὀξὺ γυναῖκα5
And just as when a sharp arrow of pain seizes a woman in labor,
δριμύ, τό τε προϊεῖσι μογοστόκοι Εἰλείθυιαι
sharp and bitter, which the Eileithyiae send, who preside over childbirth,
Ἥρης θυγατέρες πικρὰς ὠδῖνας ἔχουσαι,
daughters of Hera, who hold bitter pangs in their keeping;
ὣς ὀξεῖʼ ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος Ἀτρεΐδαο.
even so did sharp pains sink into the strength of Atreus’ son.
ἐς δίφρον δʼ ἀνόρουσε, καὶ ἡνιόχῳ ἐπέτελλε
And he leapt into his chariot, and bade his charioteer
νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσιν ἐλαυνέμεν· ἤχθετο γὰρ κῆρ.
drive to the hollow ships; for his heart was sore distressed.
ἤϋσεν δὲ διαπρύσιον Δαναοῖσι γεγωνώς·
And he shouted aloud, calling to the Danaans:
ὦ φίλοι Ἀργείων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες
”O friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives,
ὑμεῖς μὲν νῦν νηυσὶν ἀμύνετε ποντοπόροισι
do you now ward off from the seafaring ships
φύλοπιν ἀργαλέην, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἐμὲ μητίετα Ζεὺς
the grievous din of battle, since wise Zeus has not allowed me
εἴασε Τρώεσσι πανημέριον πολεμίζειν.
to fight the whole day through against the Trojans.”
ὣς ἔφαθʼ, ἡνίοχος δʼ ἵμασεν καλλίτριχας ἵππους
So he spoke, and the charioteer lashed the fair-maned horses
νῆας ἔπι γλαφυράς· τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην·
toward the hollow ships; and they flew nothing loath.
ἄφρεον δὲ στήθεα, ῥαίνοντο δὲ νέρθε κονίῃ
They foamed at the chest, and were sprinkled with dust from beneath,
τειρόμενον βασιλῆα μάχης ἀπάνευθε φέροντες.
as they bore the suffering king away from the battle.
Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὡς ἐνόησʼ Ἀγαμέμνονα νόσφι κιόντα
But Hector, when he marked Agamemnon departing,
- 11.227μετὰ κλέος ἵκετʼ Ἀχαιῶν
The noun κλέος usually means "fame" or "glory," but here it is used in the sense of "rumor" or "report" (derived from the verb κλύω, "to hear"). The preposition μετά with the accusative indicates the purpose of movement, meaning "after the rumor of" or "seeking the news of."
- 11.235ἐπὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ἔρεισε
The verb ἔρεισε can be used both transitively and intransitively. Here, the preposition ἐπί acts either adverbially ("moreover" or "upon it") or as a tmesis with the verb (ἐπερείδω, "to press upon"), conveying the intense action "and he himself pressed upon it," with αὐτός emphasizing the subject's physical weight.
- 11.242ἀπὸ μνηστῆς ἀλόχου
The preposition ἀπό with the genitive expresses spatial separation ("far from"). It modifies the adjective οἰκτρός ("pitiable"), underscoring the tragic emotion of being "pitiable because he died far away from his newly-wedded wife."
- 11.250κασιγνήτοιο πεσόντος
The combination of the noun κασιγνήτοιο ("brother's") and the participle πεσόντος ("fallen") in the genitive can be interpreted either as a genitive absolute ("when/because his brother had fallen") or as a genitive of cause/object modifying the preceding noun πένθος ("grief for his fallen brother"). In either case, it highlights the intense emotional reaction to the event.
- 11.269ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ὠδίνουσαν ἔχῃ βέλος ὀξὺ γυναῖκα
A classic Homeric simile. The conjunction ὡς ὅτε combined with ἄν governs the present subjunctive (ἔχῃ) to describe a general truth within the comparison. The entire simile structure is answered by the correlative adverb ὣς ("even so") in line 272, which returns to the main clause describing Agamemnon's sharp pain.