← Isocrates

Trapeziticus

§41-48

Pasion's Suretyship and the Likelihood of Embezzlement

The plaintiff presents historical evidence of Pasion acting as his guarantor for a large sum as proof of his deposited wealth, and argues that considering their respective situations at the time, it is highly probable that Pasion committed the embezzlement while the plaintiff's claims are entirely genuine.

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§41

πρὸς δὲ τούτοις εἰσφορᾶς ἡμῖν προσταχθείσης1 καὶ ἑτέρων ἐπιγραφέων γενομένων ἐγὼ πλεῖστον εἰσήνεγκα τῶν ξένων, αὐτός θʼ αἱρεθεὶς ἐμαυτῷ μὲν ἐπέγραψα τὴν μεγίστην εἰσφοράν, ὑπὲρ Πασίωνος δʼ ἐδεόμην τῶν συνεπιγραφέων, λέγων ὅτι τοῖς ἐμοῖς χρήμασι τυγχάνει χρώμενος. καί μοι ἀνάβητε μάρτυρες. "Μάρτυρες"

​Furthermore, when an extraordinary tax was imposed upon us and others were appointed as registers, I contributed the largest amount among the resident aliens; and having been chosen myself, I registered for myself the largest contribution, while on behalf of Pasion I made a request to my fellow-registers, saying that he happened to be using my money. Please step up, witnesses. “Witnesses”

§42

αὐτὸν τοίνυν Πασίωνʼ ἔργῳ παρέξομαι τούτοις συμμαρτυροῦντα. ὁλκάδα γάρ, ἐφʼ ᾗ πολλὰ χρήματʼ ἦν ἐγὼ δεδωκώς, ἔφηνέ τις ὡς οὖσαν ἀνδρὸς Δηλίου. ἀμφισβητοῦντος δʼ ἐμοῦ καὶ καθέλκειν ἀξιοῦντος οὕτω τὴν βουλὴν διέθεσαν οἱ βουλόμενοι συκοφαντεῖν, ὥστε τὸ μὲν πρῶτον παρὰ μικρὸν ἦλθον2 ἄκριτος ἀποθανεῖν, τελευτῶντες δʼ ἐπείσθησαν ἐγγυητὰς παρʼ ἐμοῦ δέξασθαι.

​I shall, therefore, present Pasion himself testifying to these things by his actions. For a merchant ship, on which I had advanced a large sum of money, was denounced by someone as belonging to a man of Delos. When I disputed this and demanded that it be launched, those who wished to play the informer so influenced the Council that at first I came within a narrow margin of being put to death without trial, but in the end they were persuaded to accept guarantors from me.

§43

καὶ Φίλιππος μὲν ὤν μοι ξένος πατρικός, κληθεὶς καὶ ὑπακούσας, δείσας τὸ μέγεθος τοῦ κινδύνου ἀπιὼν ᾤχετο· Πασίων δʼ Ἀρχέστρατόν μοι τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης ἑπτὰ ταλάντων ἐγγυητὴν παρέσχεν. καίτοι εἰ μικρῶν ἀπεστερεῖτο καὶ μηδὲν ᾔδει μʼ ἐνθάδε κεκτημένον, οὐκ ἂν δήπου τοσούτων χρημάτων ἐγγυητής μου κατέστη.3

​And Philippus, who was a guest-friend of my father, when called upon and having responded, fled and went away, fearing the magnitude of the danger; but Pasion provided Archestratus from his bank as a guarantor for me for seven talents. And yet, if he were withholding only a small amount and knew that I possessed nothing here, he would surely not have stood as guarantor for me for so large a sum of money.

§44

ἀλλὰ δῆλον ὅτι τὰς μὲν τριακοσίας δραχμὰς ἐνεκάλεσεν ἐμοὶ χαριζόμενος, τῶν δʼ ἑπτὰ ταλάντων ἐγγυητής μοι ἐγένεθʼ ἡγούμενος πίστιν ἔχειν ἱκανὴν τὸ χρυσίον τὸ παρʼ αὑτῷ κείμενον. ὡς μὲν τοίνυν ἦν τέ μοι πολλὰ χρήματʼ ἐνθάδε καὶ ταῦτʼ ἐπὶ τῇ τούτου τραπέζῃ κεῖταί μοι, καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν Πασίωνος ὑμῖν δεδήλωκα καὶ παρὰ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν εἰδότων ἀκηκόατε.

​But it is clear that he brought the charge concerning the three hundred drachmas to curry favor with me, but became my guarantor for the seven talents because he believed that the gold lying in his hands was a sufficient security. That I had, therefore, a large sum of money here and that this was deposited with him at his bank, I have demonstrated to you from Pasion’s own actions, and you have heard it from the others who knew.

§45

δοκεῖτε δέ μοι, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ἄριστʼ ἂν γνῶναι περὶ ὧν ἀμφισβητοῦμεν, ἀναμνησθέντες ἐκεῖνον τὸν χρόνον, καὶ τὰ πράγματα πῶς εἶχεν ἡμῖν, ὅτʼ ἐγὼ Μενέξενον καὶ Φιλόμηλον προσέπεμψʼ ἀπαιτήσοντας4 τὴν παρακαταθήκην, καὶ Πασίων τὸ πρῶτον ἐτόλμησεν ἔξαρνος γενέσθαι. εὑρήσετε γὰρ τὸν μὲν πατέρα μου συνειλημμένον καὶ τὴν οὐσίαν ἅπασαν ἀφῃρημένον, ἐμοὶ δʼ οὐχ οἷόν τʼ ὂν διὰ τὰς παρούσας τύχας οὔτʼ αὐτοῦ μένειν οὔτʼ εἰς τὸν Πόντον εἰσπλεῖν.

​And I think, gentlemen of the jury, that you would judge best concerning the matters of our dispute if you recalled that time and how our affairs stood, when I sent Menexenus and Philomelus to demand the return of the deposit, and Pasion first dared to deny it. For you will find that my father had been arrested and deprived of all his property, and that it was impossible for me, because of my present fortunes, either to remain here or to sail to the Pontus.

§46

καίτοι πότερον εἰκὸς ἔμʼ ἐν τοσούτοις ὄντα κακοῖς ἀδίκως ἐγκαλεῖν, ἢ Πασίωνα καὶ διὰ τὸ μέγεθος τῶν ἡμετέρων συμφορῶν καὶ διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν χρημάτων ἐπαρθῆναι τὴν ἀποστέρησιν ποιήσασθαι; τίς δὲ πώποτʼ εἰς τοσοῦτον συκοφαντίας ἀφίκετο ὥστε αὐτὸς περὶ τοῦ σώματος κινδυνεύων τοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις ἐπιβουλεύειν; μετὰ ποίας δʼ ἂν ἐλπίδος ἢ τί διανοηθεὶς ἀδίκως ἦλθον ἐπὶ τοῦτον; πότερον ὡς δείσας τὴν δύναμιν τὴν ἐμὴν ἤμελλεν εὐθύς μοι δώσειν ἀργύριον; ἀλλʼ οὐχ οὕτως ἑκάτερος ἡμῶν ἔπραττεν.

​And yet, is it likely that I, being in such great troubles, would make an unjust charge, or that Pasion, emboldened both by the magnitude of our misfortunes and by the abundance of the money, would make the withholding? And who ever reached such a pitch of sycophancy that, while running a risk concerning his own person, he plotted against the property of others? With what hope, or with what in mind, did I unjustly proceed against him? Was it because he, fearing my power, was about to give me money immediately? But neither of us was situated in that way.

§47

ἀλλʼ εἰς ἀγῶνα καταστὰς ᾤμην καὶ παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον πλέον ἕξειν Πασίωνος παρʼ ὑμῖν; ὃς οὐδὲ μένειν ἐνθάδε παρεσκευαζόμην, δεδιὼς μή μʼ ἐξαιτήσειε5 Σάτυρος παρʼ ὑμῶν. ἀλλʼ ἵνα μηδὲν διαπραττόμενος ἐχθρὸς τούτῳ κατασταίην, ᾧ μάλιστʼ ἐτύγχανον πάντων τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει χρώμενος; καὶ τίς ἂν ὑμῶν ἀξιώσειε καταγνῶναί μου τοσαύτην μανίαν καὶ ἀμαθίαν;

​But did I think that, by entering into a lawsuit, I would get the better of Pasion before you even against justice? I, who did not even prepare to remain here, fearing lest Satyrus should demand my surrender from you. Or was it that I might, without achieving anything, become an enemy to this man, whom of all those in the city I happened to use most? And who among you would think fit to condemn me for such madness and ignorance?

§48

ἐνθυμηθῆναι δʼ ἄξιόν ἐστιν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, τὴν ἀτοπίαν καὶ τὴν ἀπιστίαν ὧν ἑκάστοτε Πασίων ἐπεχείρει λέγειν. ὅτε μὲν γὰρ οὕτως ἔπραττον, ὥστʼ οὐδʼ ἄν, εἰ προσωμολόγει μʼ ἀποστερεῖν τῶν χρημάτων, οἷός τʼ ἂν ἦν6 παρʼ αὐτοῦ δίκην λαβεῖν, τότε μὲν αἰτιᾶταί μʼ ἀδίκως ἐγκαλεῖν ἐπιχειρῆσαι· ἐπειδὴ δʼ ἐγώ τε τῶν πρὸς Σάτυρον διαβολῶν ἀπηλλάγην καὶ τοῦτον ἅπαντες ὀφλήσειν τὴν δίκην ἐνόμιζον, τηνικαῦτά μέ φησιν ἀφεῖναι πάντων τῶν ἐγκλημάτων αὐτόν. καίτοι πῶς ἂν τούτων ἀλογώτερα γένοιτο;

​And it is worthwhile, gentlemen of the jury, to consider the absurdity and the incredibility of the things which Pasion attempted to say on each occasion. For when I was in such a state that not even if he confessed that he was depriving me of my money would I have been able to obtain justice from him, at that time he accuses me of attempting to bring an unjust charge; but when I was freed from the slanders to Satyrus, and everyone thought that he would lose the lawsuit, at that very time he says that I released him from all charges. And yet, what could be more irrational than these things?

Syntax notes6 items
  1. 41εἰσφορᾶς ἡμῖν προσταχθείσης

    Genitive absolute construction. It explains the circumstantial background that an extraordinary tax (eisphora) was imposed.

  2. 42παρὰ μικρὸν ἦλθον

    An idiomatic expression meaning "I came within a narrow margin of..." or "I was all but..." here constructed with the infinitive ἀποθανεῖν to mean "I narrowly escaped being put to death."

  3. 43εἰ μικρῶν ἀπεστερεῖτο... οὐκ ἂν... κατέστη

    A past contrary-to-fact conditional sentence (εἰ + imperfect in the protasis, ἄν + aorist in the apodosis), expressing "if he had been withholding only a small amount... he would not have stood as guarantor."

  4. 45ἀπαιτήσοντας

    Future participle expressing purpose after the verb of motion προσέπεμψα, meaning "in order to demand back."

  5. 47δεδιὼς μή μʼ ἐξαιτήσειε

    A fearing clause introduced by the participle δεδιώς and followed by the optative ἐξαιτήσειε (due to sequence of tenses after a historical main context), meaning "fearing lest Satyrus should demand my surrender."

  6. 48ὥστʼ οὐδʼ ἄν... οἷός τʼ ἂν ἦν

    A result clause introduced by ὥστε containing a contrary-to-fact apodosis (ἄν + imperfect ἦν), meaning "so that not even if... would I have been able to."

Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-22)urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0010.tlg005.humanitext-grc2:41-48