- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:8.3.1.pr-8.3.1.2
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-14
This section defines the four basic types of rustic servitudes (passage, driving, way, and conducting water), lists other supplementary rustic servitudes, and notes that delivery and tolerance introduce a servitude through the praetor's office.
[ULPIANUS libro secundo institutionum.]
[Ulpian, Institutes, Book 2]
Seruitutes rusticorum praediorum sunt hae: iter actus uia aquae ductus. iter est ius eundi ambulandi homini,1 non etiam iumentum agendi. actus est ius agendi uel iumentum uel uehiculum: itaque qui iter habet, actum non habet, qui actum habet, et iter habet2 etiam sine iumento. uia est ius eundi et agendi et ambulandi: nam et iter et actum in se uia continet. aquae ductus est ius aquam ducendi per fundum alienum.
Servitudes of rustic estates are these: passage, driving, way, and conducting water. Passage is the right of going and walking for a human, but not also of driving a beast of burden. Driving is the right of driving either a beast of burden or a vehicle. Therefore, one who has passage does not have driving, whereas one who has driving also has passage, even without a beast of burden. Way is the right of going, driving, and walking; for way contains within itself both passage and driving. Conducting water is the right of leading water through another’s land.
In rusticis3 computanda sunt aquae haustus, pecoris ad aquam adpulsus, ius pascendi, calcis coquendae,4 harenae fodiendae.
Among rustic servitudes are to be reckoned the drawing of water, the driving of cattle to water, the right of pasturing, of burning lime, and of digging sand.
Traditio plane et patientia seruitutem inducet officium praetoris.5
Clearly, delivery and tolerance will introduce a servitude through the office of the praetor.
- 8.3.1.prhomini
Dative of advantage (dativus commodi) modifying "ius eundi ambulandi", meaning "for a human (to go and walk)".
- 8.3.1.pret iter habet
Here "et" functions adverbially, meaning "also" or "even" (equivalent to "etiam").
- 8.3.1.1In rusticis
Ablative plural; the noun "seruitutibus" (servitudes) or "praediis" (estates) is understood from the context ("Among rustic servitudes/estates").
- 8.3.1.1calcis coquendae
Gerundive construction in the genitive, agreeing with "calcis", dependent on "ius" (understood), meaning "the right of burning lime".
- 8.3.1.2Traditio plane et patientia seruitutem inducet officium praetoris
Syntactically, "officium praetoris" (the office of the praetor) is the subject of "inducet", while the nominatives "Traditio... et patientia" are placed at the beginning as a thematic topic. Alternatively, "Traditio..." could be the subject, with "officium" acting adverbially, but the former is the standard interpretation.