- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:3.3.66.pr
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-04
It explains that if a stipulator of an alternative obligation ratifies the unauthorized claim of one of the options by a procurator, it brings about the joinder of issue and extinguishes the original stipulation.
[PAPINIANUS libro nono quaestionum.]
[PAPINIANUS in the ninth book of Questions.]
Si is qui Stichum uel Damam, utrum eorum ipse uellet,1 stipulatus est et ratum habeat, quod alterum procuratorio nomine Titius petit: facit, ut res in iudicium deducta uideatur, et stipulationem consumit.2
If a person who has stipulated for Stichus or Dama, whichever of them he himself should wish, ratifies the fact that Titius has sued for one of them in the name of a procurator, he causes the matter to be deemed to have been brought into court, and consumes the stipulation.
- 3.3.66.prutrum eorum ipse uellet
The subjunctive uellet (imperfect) in the clause introduced by utrum, which functions here as an indirect question or relative clause, represents the subjective choice or potential desire of the stipulator at the past moment when the stipulation (stipulatus est) was made.
- 3.3.66.prstipulationem consumit
Meaning 'consumes (extinguishes) the stipulation'. In Roman law, as a result of the ratification validating the joinder of issue (litis contestatio), the consumptive effect (consumptio) of the lawsuit prevents any subsequent action based on the same original stipulation.