- Source
- Digesta Iustiniani Augusti. Mommsen, Theodor & Krueger, Paul, editors. Berlin: Weidmann, 1870.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:3.3.5.pr
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-02
Ulpian states that a person who is in nearby gardens is also legally considered to be present.
[ULPIANUS libro septimo ad edictum.]
[ULPIANUS libro septimo ad edictum.]
Praesens habetur1 et2 qui in hortis3 est
He also who is in the gardens is considered as present.
- 3.3.5.prPraesens habetur
The passive form habetur (from habere) is used in the sense of 'is considered' or 'is held to be', taking praesens as a predicate nominative. The grammatical subject is the implied antecedent (is) of the relative clause qui in hortis est.
- 3.3.5.pret
Used adverbially here in the sense of 'also' or 'even' (equivalent to etiam), emphasizing the entire relative clause.
- 3.3.5.prin hortis
The plural horti refers to suburban gardens or estates located just outside the city boundaries of Rome. Since they are physically very close, a person there is deemed legally 'present' as they can respond immediately.